巢湖水体氮磷营养盐时空分布特征
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摘要
在不同汛期对巢湖水体进行了网格化样品采集,研究了巢湖水体中氮磷营养盐的含量与时空分布规律,确定了巢湖水体的主要污染因子.结果表明,巢湖入湖河流中TP、TN和NO-3-N指标均超过了Ⅴ类水标准,南淝河和十五里河中TP、TN、NH+4-N和NO-3-N表现出丰水期低于平水期、枯水期的季节性变化特征,在其他河流则呈现出丰水期高于枯水期、平水期的特征;巢湖湖体氮磷营养盐浓度的分布存在时空差异,西部湖区中氮磷营养盐含量远高于东部湖区;TP、TN和NH+4-N表现出在枯水期高于平水期和丰水期的变化特征,而NO-3-N在丰水期的含量较高;巢湖水体的主要污染因子为TN和NH+4-N,这些污染物从西往东质量浓度不断减少.
In order to determine the concentrations,spatial and temporal distributions of nitrogen( N) and phosphorus( P) nutrients in Chaohu Lake,the surface water samples were collected systemically in different flood seasons by grid sampling methods. Meanwhile,the predominant pollution factors and priority control area were confirmed. The results showed that the concentrations of TP,TN and NO-3-N in the inflowing rivers were higher than the V class water standard,the concentrations of nutrients in wet season were lower than those in normal season and dry season in Nanfei River and Shiwuli River,while the levels of nutrients in the other selected rivers were higher in wet season. The variations of spatial and temporal of nutrients were observed in the Chaohu Lake. The concentrations of N and P nutrients in the western part of Chaohu Lake were higher than those of the eastern part. The elevated concentrations of TP,TN and NH+4-N were found in the dry season,while the elevated content of NO-3-N was observed in the wet season. The predominant pollution factors in Chaohu Lake were TN and NH+4-N,the concentrations of these nutrients were decreasing from the western part of the Chaohu Lake to the eastern part of the Chaohu Lake.
In order to determine the concentrations,spatial and temporal distributions of nitrogen( N) and phosphorus( P) nutrients in Chaohu Lake,the surface water samples were collected systemically in different flood seasons by grid sampling methods. Meanwhile,the predominant pollution factors and priority control area were confirmed. The results showed that the concentrations of TP,TN and NO-3-N in the inflowing rivers were higher than the V class water standard,the concentrations of nutrients in wet season were lower than those in normal season and dry season in Nanfei River and Shiwuli River,while the levels of nutrients in the other selected rivers were higher in wet season. The variations of spatial and temporal of nutrients were observed in the Chaohu Lake. The concentrations of N and P nutrients in the western part of Chaohu Lake were higher than those of the eastern part. The elevated concentrations of TP,TN and NH+4-N were found in the dry season,while the elevated content of NO-3-N was observed in the wet season. The predominant pollution factors in Chaohu Lake were TN and NH+4-N,the concentrations of these nutrients were decreasing from the western part of the Chaohu Lake to the eastern part of the Chaohu Lake.
引文
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[23]李如忠,杨继伟,钱靖,等.合肥城郊典型源头溪流不同渠道形态的氮磷滞留特征[J].环境科学,2014,35(9):3365-3372.
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[25]温胜芳,单保庆,张洪.巢湖表层沉积物磷的空间分布差异性研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(7):2322-2329.
[26]刁晓君,李一崴,王曙光.水华生消过程对巢湖沉积物微生物群落结构的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):107-113.
[27]马孟枭,张玉超,钱新,等.巢湖水体组分垂向分布特征及其对水下光场的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(5):1698-1707.
[2]殷福才,张之源.巢湖富营养化研究进展[J].湖泊科学,2003,15(4):377-384.
[3]张之源,王培华,张崇岱.巢湖营养化状况评价及水质恢复探讨[J].环境科学研究,1999,12(5):45-48.
[4]刘恩峰,杜臣昌,羊向东,等.巢湖沉积物中磷蓄积时空变化及人为污染定量评价[J].环境科学,2012,33(9):3024-3030.
[5]尚广萍,徐振宇,李玉成,等.巢湖西半湖富营养化时空变化趋势与成因分析[J].生物学杂志,2010,27(5):56-59.
[6]赵海泉,胡子全.巢湖东半湖水体富营养化评价及其防治对策[J].水生态学杂志,2009,2(5):119-122.
[7]李国莲,刘桂建,姜萌萌,等.巢湖表层沉积物与上覆水体中重金属分配特征及其相关性研究[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2011,41(1):9-15.
[8]叶琳琳,吴晓东,刘波,等.巢湖溶解性有机物时空分布规律及其影响因素[J].环境科学,2015,36(9):3186-3193.
[9]Zhang Y C,Ma R H,Zhang M,et al.Fourteen-year record(2000-2013)of the spatial and temporal dynamics of floating algae blooms in Lake Chaohu,observed from time series of Modis images[J].Remote Sensing,2015,7(8):10523-10542.
[10]Yu L,Kong F X,Zhang M,et al.The dynamics of microcystis genotypes and microcystin production and associations with environmental factors during blooms in Lake Chaohu,China[J].Toxins,2014,6(12):3238-3257.
[11]Xi S S,Liu G J,Zhou C C,et al.Assessment of the sources of nitrate in the Chaohu Lake,China,using a nitrogen and oxygen isotopic approach[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2015,74(2):1647-1655.
[12]李如忠,李峰,周爱佳,等.巢湖十五里河沉积物氮磷形态分布及生物有效性[J].环境科学,2012,33(5):1503-1510.
[13]潘延安,雷沛,张洪,等.重庆园博园龙景湖新建初期内源氮磷分布特征及扩散通量估算[J].环境科学,2014,35(5):1727-1734.
[14]李超,王丹,杨金燕,等.巢湖沉积物有效磷的原位高分辨分析研究[J].环境科学,2015,36(6):2077-2084.
[15]Li G L,Liu G J,Zhou C C,et al.Mobility,binding behavior and potential risks of trace metals in the sediments of the fifth largest freshwater lake,China[J].Water Science&Technology,2013,67(11):2503-2510.
[16]Li G L,Liu G J,Zhou C C,et al.Spatial distribution and multiple sources of heavy metals in the water of Chaohu Lake,Anhui,China[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2012,184(5):2763-2773.
[17]王岩,姜霞,李永峰,等.洞庭湖氮磷时空分布与水体营养状态特征[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(5):484-491.
[18]秦伯强,杨柳燕,陈非洲,等.湖泊富营养化发生机制与控制技术及其应用[J].科学通报,2006,51(16):1857-1866.
[19]Taylor G D,Fletcher T D,Wong T H F,et al.Nitrogen composition in urban runoff-implications for stormwater management[J].Water Research,2005,39(10):1982-1989.
[20]卢少勇,远野,金相灿,等.7条环太湖河流沉积物氮含量沿程分布规律[J].环境科学,2012,33(5):1497-1502.
[21]邓建才,陈桥,翟水晶,等.太湖水体中氮、磷空间分布特征及环境效应[J].环境科学,2008,29(12):3382-3386.
[22]包静玥,鲍建国,李立青.山地城市新建湖库氮磷营养盐时空特征研究[J].环境科学,2014,35(10):3709-3715.
[23]李如忠,杨继伟,钱靖,等.合肥城郊典型源头溪流不同渠道形态的氮磷滞留特征[J].环境科学,2014,35(9):3365-3372.
[24]李如忠,刘科峰,钱靖,等.合肥市区典型景观水体氮磷污染特征及富营养化评价[J].环境科学,2014,35(5):1718-1726.
[25]温胜芳,单保庆,张洪.巢湖表层沉积物磷的空间分布差异性研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(7):2322-2329.
[26]刁晓君,李一崴,王曙光.水华生消过程对巢湖沉积物微生物群落结构的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):107-113.
[27]马孟枭,张玉超,钱新,等.巢湖水体组分垂向分布特征及其对水下光场的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(5):1698-1707.
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