云南普朗斑岩铜矿蚀变带成矿流体特征及其成矿意义
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摘要
云南普朗铜矿位于义敦—中甸岛弧带南缘,是近年来我国发现的一个大中型斑岩铜矿床。该矿床具有典型的斑岩铜矿蚀变分带,由中心向外依次为钾硅化带、绢英岩化带、青盘岩化带。对矿区不同蚀变带中的石英流体包裹体进行了岩相学观察、均一温度测量和激光拉曼探针成分分析。均一温度测量结果表明,从普朗斑岩铜矿床钾硅化带到绢英岩化带再到青盘岩化带,成矿流体的平均均一温度从274.4℃到236.4℃再到203.0℃,呈明显下降趋势,可能与天水参与成矿有关。同时,激光拉曼探针成分分析结果表明,普朗斑岩铜矿床矿化期间的成矿流体属于富硫富氯流体,这种温度较高且富硫富氯的成矿流体在钾硅化带和绢英岩化带发生矿化作用将导致成矿物质强烈富集成矿。
The Pulang porphyry copper deposit occurs in the southern segment of the Indosinian Yidun-Zhongdian island-arc belt and is a large-sized copper deposit discovered in China in recent years.This deposit has a typical alteration zonation of porphyry copper deposit,varying from potash and silicic alteration in the inner through phyllic alteration in the middle to propylitic alteration in the outer.This paper presents new petrographic observations,homogeneous temperature measurements and laser Raman microprobe analyses of fluid inclusions in quartz grains from the three alteration zones of the deposit.It is shown that the average homogeneous temperature of ore-forming fluid decreases from 274.4 ℃ through 236.4 ℃ to 203.0 ℃ with outward variation of alteration zone and indicates an evident temperature decreasing trend,which may be resulted from partial participation of meteoric water in mineralization.The laser Raman microprobe analyzing data are consistent with existence of ore-forming fluid with high sulfur and chlorine during mineralization in the deposit,and support occurrence of intensive mineralization caused by this high temperature ore-forming fluid with high sulfur and chlorine in the potash and silicic and phyllic alteration zones.
The Pulang porphyry copper deposit occurs in the southern segment of the Indosinian Yidun-Zhongdian island-arc belt and is a large-sized copper deposit discovered in China in recent years.This deposit has a typical alteration zonation of porphyry copper deposit,varying from potash and silicic alteration in the inner through phyllic alteration in the middle to propylitic alteration in the outer.This paper presents new petrographic observations,homogeneous temperature measurements and laser Raman microprobe analyses of fluid inclusions in quartz grains from the three alteration zones of the deposit.It is shown that the average homogeneous temperature of ore-forming fluid decreases from 274.4 ℃ through 236.4 ℃ to 203.0 ℃ with outward variation of alteration zone and indicates an evident temperature decreasing trend,which may be resulted from partial participation of meteoric water in mineralization.The laser Raman microprobe analyzing data are consistent with existence of ore-forming fluid with high sulfur and chlorine during mineralization in the deposit,and support occurrence of intensive mineralization caused by this high temperature ore-forming fluid with high sulfur and chlorine in the potash and silicic and phyllic alteration zones.
引文
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[16]范玉华,李文昌.云南普朗斑岩铜矿床地质特征[J].中国地质,2006,23(2):352-362.
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[19]任光明,李佑国.云南中甸普朗、红卓斑岩铜矿床地质特征及找矿前景[J].四川地质学报,2007,27(4):266-269.
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[21]尹光候,杨淑胜.中甸雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿地质及找矿远景[J].云南地质,2008,27(1):27-34.
[22]冷成彪,张兴春,王守旭,等.滇西北中甸松诺含矿斑岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及地质意义[J].大地构造与成矿学,2008,32(1):124-130.
[23]曾普胜,侯增谦,李丽辉,等.滇西北普朗斑岩铜矿床成矿时代及其意义[J].地质通报,2004,23(3):1127-1131.
[24]谭康华,张世全,黄定柱,等.普朗斑岩铜矿蚀变及矿化特点[J].云南地质,2007,26(3):271-276.
[25]侯增谦.斑岩矿床——新认识与新进展[J].地学前缘,2004,11(1):131-144.
[26]连长云,章革,元春华.短波红外光谱矿物测量技术在普朗斑岩铜矿区热液蚀变矿物填图中的应用[J].矿床地质,2005,24(6):621-637.
[27]郭欣.中甸普朗斑岩铜矿蚀变特征及分带模式[M]//郭远生.依靠科学技术推动地质找矿.昆明:云南科技出版社,2008:141-145.
[28]倪培,范建国,周进,等.大别山花岗岩流体包裹体面的初步研究[J].高校地质学报,2003,9(4):691-700.
[29]芮宗瑶,黄崇轲,齐国明,等.中国斑岩铜(钼)矿床[M].北京:地质出版社,1984:119-221.
[30]倪培,田京辉,朱筱婷,等.江西永平铜矿下盘网脉状矿化的流体包裹体研究[J].岩石学报,2005,21(5):1339-1346.
[31]陈衍景,张莉.含硫化物脉状矿床成矿流体的中阶段δD亏损:实例与原因[J].地球化学,2008,37(4):353-360.
[32]谭雪春.滇西主要有色金属矿床区域成矿地质背景[J].云南地质,1991,10(1):11-43.
[2]Bodnar R J.Fluid-inclusion evidence for a magmatic source formetals in porphyry copper deposits[M]//Thompson J F H.Magmas,Fluids,and Ore Deposits.Victoria,British Columbia:Mineralogical Association of Canada,1995,23:139-152.
[3]Hedenquist J W,Richards J P.The influence of geochemicaltechniques on the development of genetic models for porphyry cop-per deposits[J].Review Economic Geology,1998,10:235-256.
[4]Ulrich T,G nther D,Heinrich C A.Gold concentrations of mag-matic brines and the metal budget of porphyry copper deposits[J].Nature,1999,399:676-679.
[5]Calagari A A.Fluid inclusion studies in quartz veinlets in theporphyry copper deposit at Sungun,East-Azarbaidjan,Iran[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2004,23(2):179-189.
[6]Rusk B G,Reed MH,Dilles J H,et al.Compositions of mag-matic hydrothermal fluids determined by LA-ICP-MS of fluid in-clusions from inclusions from the porphyry copper-molybdenumdeposit at Butte,MT[J].Chemical Geology,2004,210(1-4):173-199.
[7]Landtwing MR,Pettke T,Halter W E,et al.Copper depositionduring quartz dissolution by cooling magmatic-hydrothermal flu-ids:The Bingham porphyry[J].Earth and Planetary ScienceLetters,2005,235(1-2):229-243.
[8]Hezarkhani A.Mass changes during hydrothermal alteration/min-eralization at the Sar-Cheshmeh porphyry copper deposit,South-eastern Iran[J].International Geology Review,2006,48(9):841-860.
[9]Hezarkhan A.Hydrothermal evolution of the Miduk porphyry cop-per system,Kerman,Iran:A fluid inclusion investigation[J].International Geology Review,2008,50(7):665-684.
[10]Rusk B G,Reed M H,Dilles J H.Fluid inclusion evidence formagmatic-hydrothermal fluid evolution in the porphyry copper-mo-lybdenum deposit at Butte,Montana[J].Economic Geology,2008,103(2):307-334.
[11]杨岳清,侯增谦,黄典豪,等.中甸弧碰撞造山作用和岩浆成矿系统[J].地球学报,2002,23(1):17-24.
[12]李光军,谭康华,张世权,等.普朗铜矿找矿标志及找矿模型[J].云南地质,2005,24(2):175-185.
[13]曾普胜,李文昌,王海平,等.云南普朗印支期超大型斑岩铜矿床:岩石学及年代学特征[J].岩石学报,2006,22(1):989-1000.
[14]李文昌,曾普胜.云南普朗超大型斑岩铜矿特征及成矿模型[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2007,34(4):436-446.
[15]曾普胜,莫宣学,喻学惠,等.滇西北中甸斑岩及斑岩铜矿[J].矿床地质,2003,22(4):393-400.
[16]范玉华,李文昌.云南普朗斑岩铜矿床地质特征[J].中国地质,2006,23(2):352-362.
[17]王守旭,张兴春,冷成彪,等.滇西北中甸普朗斑岩铜矿床地球化学与成矿机理初探[J].矿床地质,2007,26(3):277-288.
[18]王守旭,张兴春,秦朝建,等.滇西北中甸普朗斑岩铜矿流体包裹体初步研究[J].地球化学,2007,26(3):467-478.
[19]任光明,李佑国.云南中甸普朗、红卓斑岩铜矿床地质特征及找矿前景[J].四川地质学报,2007,27(4):266-269.
[20]王功文,郭远生,杜杨松,等.基于GIS的云南普朗斑岩铜矿床三维成矿预测[J].矿床地质,2007,26(6):651-658.
[21]尹光候,杨淑胜.中甸雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿地质及找矿远景[J].云南地质,2008,27(1):27-34.
[22]冷成彪,张兴春,王守旭,等.滇西北中甸松诺含矿斑岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及地质意义[J].大地构造与成矿学,2008,32(1):124-130.
[23]曾普胜,侯增谦,李丽辉,等.滇西北普朗斑岩铜矿床成矿时代及其意义[J].地质通报,2004,23(3):1127-1131.
[24]谭康华,张世全,黄定柱,等.普朗斑岩铜矿蚀变及矿化特点[J].云南地质,2007,26(3):271-276.
[25]侯增谦.斑岩矿床——新认识与新进展[J].地学前缘,2004,11(1):131-144.
[26]连长云,章革,元春华.短波红外光谱矿物测量技术在普朗斑岩铜矿区热液蚀变矿物填图中的应用[J].矿床地质,2005,24(6):621-637.
[27]郭欣.中甸普朗斑岩铜矿蚀变特征及分带模式[M]//郭远生.依靠科学技术推动地质找矿.昆明:云南科技出版社,2008:141-145.
[28]倪培,范建国,周进,等.大别山花岗岩流体包裹体面的初步研究[J].高校地质学报,2003,9(4):691-700.
[29]芮宗瑶,黄崇轲,齐国明,等.中国斑岩铜(钼)矿床[M].北京:地质出版社,1984:119-221.
[30]倪培,田京辉,朱筱婷,等.江西永平铜矿下盘网脉状矿化的流体包裹体研究[J].岩石学报,2005,21(5):1339-1346.
[31]陈衍景,张莉.含硫化物脉状矿床成矿流体的中阶段δD亏损:实例与原因[J].地球化学,2008,37(4):353-360.
[32]谭雪春.滇西主要有色金属矿床区域成矿地质背景[J].云南地质,1991,10(1):11-43.
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