柴达木盆地北缘鱼卡河流域水资源的合理利用
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摘要
轮换式地于枯水期在鱼卡河冲洪积扇开采1.87×10~4m~3／d的地下水、丰水期在鱼卡河大桥上游取用1.87×10~4m~3／d的地表水,对马海盆地水资源的影响很小,但有可能引起开采区附近和下游马海盆地局部地区地下水位下降、局部泄出带流量减少、部分地段沼泽湿地轻微退化等与水资源有关的生态环境问题。当地下水位下降到“临界深度”以下时,有利于马海盆地土壤盐渍化不治自愈。
The rotational exploitation of 1.87×10~4 m~3/d of groundwater in the alluvial-diluvial fan of the Iqe River in the low-water season and drafting of 1.87×10~4 m~3/d of surface water from the upstream of the Iqe River Bridge in the high-wa- ter season has little influence on the water resources of the Mahai basin but is likely to cause eco-environmental problems re- lated to water resources,such as the local drop of the groundwater level,decrease of flow in local discharge zones and slight degradation of swamp wetland in some places near the exploitation area and the Mahai basin in the lower reaches of the river. When the groundwater level drops below the“critical depth”,the salinized soils in the Mahai basin will be desalinized with- out treatment.
The rotational exploitation of 1.87×10~4 m~3/d of groundwater in the alluvial-diluvial fan of the Iqe River in the low-water season and drafting of 1.87×10~4 m~3/d of surface water from the upstream of the Iqe River Bridge in the high-wa- ter season has little influence on the water resources of the Mahai basin but is likely to cause eco-environmental problems re- lated to water resources,such as the local drop of the groundwater level,decrease of flow in local discharge zones and slight degradation of swamp wetland in some places near the exploitation area and the Mahai basin in the lower reaches of the river. When the groundwater level drops below the“critical depth”,the salinized soils in the Mahai basin will be desalinized with- out treatment.
引文
①青海省水文地质工程地质勘察院.青海省海西州大柴旦行委鱼卡地区供水水文地质普查中间性报告.2004.
①青海省地质调查院.青海省可持续发展地下水资源与生态环境战略研究报告.2005.
②中国人民解放军○○九二九部队.1:20万青海省马海盆地区域水文地质普查报告.1979.
①中国人民解放军○○九二九部队.1:20万青海省马海盆地区域水文地质普查报告.1979.
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[2]李文鹏,周宏春,周仰效,等.中国西北典型干旱区地下水流系统研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.
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[4]陈梦熊,马凤山.中国地下水资源与环境[M].北京:地震出版社, 2002.
[5]汤奇成,张捷斌.西北干旱地区水资源与生态环境保护[J].地理科学进展,2001,9(3):227-233.
[6]安益民.柴达木盆地盐渍土冲洗治理分析[J].节水灌溉,2002,(5): 31-32.
①青海省地质调查院.青海省可持续发展地下水资源与生态环境战略研究报告.2005.
②中国人民解放军○○九二九部队.1:20万青海省马海盆地区域水文地质普查报告.1979.
①中国人民解放军○○九二九部队.1:20万青海省马海盆地区域水文地质普查报告.1979.
[1]石培华.柴达木盆地农业水资源开发方案研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,1998,12(4):90-97.
[2]李文鹏,周宏春,周仰效,等.中国西北典型干旱区地下水流系统研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.
[3]周立,任文号,于升松,等.柴达木盆地水资源供需关系及生态保护[M].西宁:青海人民出版社,2000.
[4]陈梦熊,马凤山.中国地下水资源与环境[M].北京:地震出版社, 2002.
[5]汤奇成,张捷斌.西北干旱地区水资源与生态环境保护[J].地理科学进展,2001,9(3):227-233.
[6]安益民.柴达木盆地盐渍土冲洗治理分析[J].节水灌溉,2002,(5): 31-32.
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