金沙江白鹤滩水电站坝址区断层变形特点及成因分析
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摘要
拟建中的白鹤滩水电站坝基将建在二叠系峨眉山组玄武岩层之上。坝址区发育有位移量较小的NW300°、NW320°、NE40°和近SN向4组断层,其中NW300°断层最为发育。在野外详细调查的基础上,室内的显微构造研究和电子自旋共振(简称ESR)测年结果表明,坝址区内的断层是在燕山期晚期近东西向挤压应力场作用下形成,后期又受到了近南北向挤压应力场的改造。断层破碎带以发育典型碎裂-角砾岩等浅层脆性构造岩为特点,近期活动不明显。
Baihetan Hydroelectric Power Station of Jinsha River will be built on the Permian E′mei Mountain basalt.Four-groups faults with small displacement are developed in the dam site,tending NW300°,the NW320°,the NE40° and nearly SN respectively.These faults are mainly dominated by the development of NW300° faults.The detailed field survey,microstructure study and ESR dating on the quartz veins lead to the conclusion that the faults in the dam site was developed early by the closely EW compressive stress field and then changed by the closely SN compressive stress field.Some shallow brittle tectonite such as the typical cataclasite-breccia is developed in the fault zone,however,the activity of faults is weak at present.
Baihetan Hydroelectric Power Station of Jinsha River will be built on the Permian E′mei Mountain basalt.Four-groups faults with small displacement are developed in the dam site,tending NW300°,the NW320°,the NE40° and nearly SN respectively.These faults are mainly dominated by the development of NW300° faults.The detailed field survey,microstructure study and ESR dating on the quartz veins lead to the conclusion that the faults in the dam site was developed early by the closely EW compressive stress field and then changed by the closely SN compressive stress field.Some shallow brittle tectonite such as the typical cataclasite-breccia is developed in the fault zone,however,the activity of faults is weak at present.
引文
[1]国家电力局华东勘测设计研究院.金沙江白鹤滩水电站预可行性研究报告[R].国家电力局华东勘测设计研究院,2005.
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[14]周荣军,黎小刚,黄祖智,等.四川大凉山断裂带的晚第四纪平均滑动速率[J].地震研究,2003,26(2):191-196.
[15]张崇立,任金卫.则木河断裂的现今活动方式及其地形变鉴别标志探讨[J].地震地质,1995,17(4):427-431.
[2]王义天,李继亮.走滑断层作用的相关构造[J].地质科技情报,1999,18(3):30-34.
[3]Sibson R H.Fault rocks and fault mechanisms[J].Geol.Soc.London,1977,36:263-286.
[4]孙岩,韩克丛.断裂构造岩带的划分[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.
[5]杨坤光,梁兴中,谢建磊,等.ESR定年———一种确定脆性断层活动年龄的方法原理与应用[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(4):430-435.
[6]谢建磊,杨坤光,马昌前.湘西花垣-张家界断裂带构造变形特征与ESR定年[J].高校地质学报,2006,12(1):14-21.
[7]梁兴中,高钧成.断裂成矿年龄的α石英ESR研究[J].矿物岩石,1999,19(2):69-71.
[8]李德生,王文成,赵兴田,等.石英E′心信号敏化特征研究[J].吉林大学自然科学学报,1996,(2):66-68.
[9]业渝光.地质测年与天然气水合物试验技术研究及应用[M].北京:海洋出版社,2002:245.
[10]四川省地质局.1∶20万米易幅区域地质测量报告[R].四川省地质局,1966.
[11]万天丰.中国大地构造学纲要[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
[12]Zhu Guang,Wang Yongsheng,Liu Guosheng,et al.40Ar/39Ardating of strike-slip motion on the Tan-Lu fault zone,East Chi-na[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2005,27:1 379-1 398.
[13]徐嘉炜.论走滑断层作用的几个主要问题[J].地学前缘,1995,2(1-2):125-136.
[14]周荣军,黎小刚,黄祖智,等.四川大凉山断裂带的晚第四纪平均滑动速率[J].地震研究,2003,26(2):191-196.
[15]张崇立,任金卫.则木河断裂的现今活动方式及其地形变鉴别标志探讨[J].地震地质,1995,17(4):427-431.
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