三峡库首区地壳垂直变形的模型研究
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摘要
本文研究了不同力学参数地球模型对三峡库首区地壳垂直变形的影响,结果表明,PREM比Gutenberg-Bullen模型更接近基于三峡地壳分层结构和弹性参数改化的PREM模型的结果,并与之相差很小,但要获得高精度的模拟结果,地球模型中必须利用三峡地壳的弹性参数;利用了地球物理学中较完善的负荷格林函数法,结合精密的蓄水荷载模型和合适的地球模型,其垂直变形模拟结果对监测与地震关系密切的断层运动有重要意义;通过GPS观测和模拟结果的对比,发现2003年蓄水在香溪出现最大幅值约20mm的残差沉降,我们合理地解释为该地段的岩溶渗水荷载的效应.
In this paper we investigate the effects of the Earth models with different mechanical parameters on the crustal vertical deformation in the front Sanxia Reservoir Area.The results for PREM model are found to be closer to the modified PREM model than Gutenberg-Bullen model.The former is based on crustal layering structure and the mechanical parameters in the area.There is few discrepancy between the results for PREM and the modified PREM.Nevertheless to obtain better results it is necessary to utilize the crustal elastic parameters in the area.Then by using the well-developed loading Green's function method in Geophysics,precise water loading model,and appropriate Earth models,we simulate the loading induced vertical displacements in the area which play an important role in monitoring the fault's motion relevant to earthquakes.Finally by comparing GPS observations with the modeled results we found a residual subsidence in around Xiangxi that can be reasonably considered to be the contribution of the percolation resultant water loads in Carst region.
In this paper we investigate the effects of the Earth models with different mechanical parameters on the crustal vertical deformation in the front Sanxia Reservoir Area.The results for PREM model are found to be closer to the modified PREM model than Gutenberg-Bullen model.The former is based on crustal layering structure and the mechanical parameters in the area.There is few discrepancy between the results for PREM and the modified PREM.Nevertheless to obtain better results it is necessary to utilize the crustal elastic parameters in the area.Then by using the well-developed loading Green's function method in Geophysics,precise water loading model,and appropriate Earth models,we simulate the loading induced vertical displacements in the area which play an important role in monitoring the fault's motion relevant to earthquakes.Finally by comparing GPS observations with the modeled results we found a residual subsidence in around Xiangxi that can be reasonably considered to be the contribution of the percolation resultant water loads in Carst region.
引文
[1]长江水利委员会.三峡工程地质研究[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,1997.
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[3]杜瑞林,邢灿飞,伍中华,等.长江三峡库区地震地形变监测研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):23~29.
[4]汪汉胜,李国营,许厚泽.SNRVEI粘弹地球模型连续分布的简正模及其义[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(1):78~84.
[5]Wang H.Surface vertical displacements and level plane chan-ges in the front reservoir area caused by filling the Three Gor-ges Reservoir[J].J G R,2000,105(B6):13211~13220.
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[11]乔学军,游新兆,杜瑞林.三峡水库蓄水负荷形变场及模拟分析[A].朱耀仲,孙和平,大地测量与地球动力学进展[C].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2004.
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[14]Farrell W E.Deformation of the earth by surface loads[J].Rev Geophys.Space phys,1972,10(3):761~797.
[15]汪汉胜.粘弹负荷形变理论的应用[D].中国科学院博士学位研究生学位论文.武汉:中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,1999.
[16]Dziewonski A M,Anderson D L.Preliminary reference earthmodel[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Int.,1981,25:297~356.
[17]张少泉.地球物理学概论[M].北京:地震出版社,1987.
[18]薛军蓉,李峰,王育.三峡水库蓄水初期9次微震震源机制解特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):48~51.
[19]韩晓光,饶扬誉.长江三峡水库巴东段地震成因分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):74~77.
[20]张为民,王勇,詹金刚,等.1996-2003年中国大陆高精度绝对重力观测[J].地球物理学进展,20(1):204~211.
[2]李安然,韩晓光,徐永健,等.三峡水库诱发地震的总体环境组合条件[A].见:长江三峡工程对生态与环境影响及其对策研究论文集[C].北京:科学出版社,1987.
[3]杜瑞林,邢灿飞,伍中华,等.长江三峡库区地震地形变监测研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):23~29.
[4]汪汉胜,李国营,许厚泽.SNRVEI粘弹地球模型连续分布的简正模及其义[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(1):78~84.
[5]Wang H.Surface vertical displacements and level plane chan-ges in the front reservoir area caused by filling the Three Gor-ges Reservoir[J].J G R,2000,105(B6):13211~13220.
[6]Wang H,Hsu H,Zhu Y.Prediction of surface horizontal dis-placements,and gravity and tilt changes caused by filling theThree Gorges Reservoir[J].J Geod,2002,76(2):105~114.
[7]曾心传,高士均,陈永成,等.三峡水库水压应力场、形变场和孔压场的研究[A].长江三峡工程对生态和环境影响及其对策研究论文集[C].北京:科学出版社,1987.
[8]周旭华,等.水质量分布变化对重力观测的影响[J].地球物理学报,2002,45[Suppl.],340~345.
[9]徐建桥,等.SNREI地球对表面负荷和引潮力的形变响应[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(3):328~334.
[10]杜瑞林,乔学军,邢灿飞,等.三峡二期工程蓄水后的垂直型变场[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(1):41~45.
[11]乔学军,游新兆,杜瑞林.三峡水库蓄水负荷形变场及模拟分析[A].朱耀仲,孙和平,大地测量与地球动力学进展[C].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2004.
[12]Longman I M.A green’function for determining the deform-ation of the earth under surface mass loads 1[J].Theory JGeophys Res,1962,67:845~850.
[13]Longman I M.A green'function for determining the deforma-tion of the earth under surface mass loads 2[J].Computa-tions and numerical.J Geophys Res,1963,68:485~496.
[14]Farrell W E.Deformation of the earth by surface loads[J].Rev Geophys.Space phys,1972,10(3):761~797.
[15]汪汉胜.粘弹负荷形变理论的应用[D].中国科学院博士学位研究生学位论文.武汉:中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,1999.
[16]Dziewonski A M,Anderson D L.Preliminary reference earthmodel[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Int.,1981,25:297~356.
[17]张少泉.地球物理学概论[M].北京:地震出版社,1987.
[18]薛军蓉,李峰,王育.三峡水库蓄水初期9次微震震源机制解特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):48~51.
[19]韩晓光,饶扬誉.长江三峡水库巴东段地震成因分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):74~77.
[20]张为民,王勇,詹金刚,等.1996-2003年中国大陆高精度绝对重力观测[J].地球物理学进展,20(1):204~211.
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