剪切波速评价饱和砂土抗液化性能研究
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摘要
从三方面总结了用剪切波速评价饱和砂土抗液化性能的研究进展:基于现场震害调查的研究成果具有重要参考价值,但不便于开展系统研究;室内土样剪切波速的测试手段出现了弯曲单元和扭剪法两种新技术,与弯曲单元相比较,扭剪法更加可靠;剪切波速与抗液化强度相关性已通过大量的研究得到证实。指出要实现用剪切波速评价原位土层的抗液化性能需要解决:抗液化强度对于剪切波速的敏感性,如何进行地震等效,如何将原位与室内剪切波速建立联系以及如何选取区分不同土类的指标等4个问题。
The paper summarizes the technique development about liquefaction evaluation of saturated sand in three aspects.The achievement of the research based on in-situ investigation of seismic site is very valuable but is limited by the date available as earthquake is uncontrollable and unpredictable.Two kinds of shear wave test-techniques of soil samples in lab have been developed in recent years;they are bend-elements and torsion wave test devices,by comparison,the torsion wave test device is more reliable than bend-elements.The correlation between shear wave velocity and cyclic liquefaction resistance has been verified by many researchers,which is extremely important to liquefaction evaluation of saturated sand by shear wave velocity.Four problems in this area to be solved are:1.how to deal with the sensibility of cyclic liquefaction resistance to shear wave velocity;2.how to correspond the random seismic load to the sinusoidal load applied in cyclic liquefaction test which is characterized by amplitude and fail number;3.how to correspond the shear wave velocity in lab to the in-situ value;and 4.what kind of parameter to Choose to describe different kinds of sand.
The paper summarizes the technique development about liquefaction evaluation of saturated sand in three aspects.The achievement of the research based on in-situ investigation of seismic site is very valuable but is limited by the date available as earthquake is uncontrollable and unpredictable.Two kinds of shear wave test-techniques of soil samples in lab have been developed in recent years;they are bend-elements and torsion wave test devices,by comparison,the torsion wave test device is more reliable than bend-elements.The correlation between shear wave velocity and cyclic liquefaction resistance has been verified by many researchers,which is extremely important to liquefaction evaluation of saturated sand by shear wave velocity.Four problems in this area to be solved are:1.how to deal with the sensibility of cyclic liquefaction resistance to shear wave velocity;2.how to correspond the random seismic load to the sinusoidal load applied in cyclic liquefaction test which is characterized by amplitude and fail number;3.how to correspond the shear wave velocity in lab to the in-situ value;and 4.what kind of parameter to Choose to describe different kinds of sand.
引文
[1]DORBY R,Powell D J,YOKEL F Y,et al.Liquefaction potential of saturated sand—the stiffness method[C]∥Proceedings of7th world conference on Earthquake Engineeing,Istanbul,Turkey,1980(3):25—32.
[2]SEED H B,IDRISS I M.Simplified procedure for evaluting soil liq-uefaction potential[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,1971,97(9):1249—1273.
[3]中华人民共和国建设部.水利水电工程地质勘察规范GB50011-2001[Z].北京:中华人民共和国建设部,2001.
[4]RONALD D ANDUS,KENNETH H STOKOE.Liquefaction resis-tance of soils from shear-wave velocity[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2000,126(11):1015—1025.
[5]TIMOTHY D STARK,SCOTT M Olson.Liquefaction Resistance us-ing CPT and field case histories[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,1995,121(12):856—869.
[6]DEALBA P,BALDWIN K,JANOO V,et.al.Elastic wave velocity and liquefaction potential[J].Geotech Testing Journal,1984,7(2):77—88.
[7]TOKIMATSU K,YAMAZAKI T,YOSHIMI Y.Soil liquefaction eval-uation by elastic shear moduli[J].Soils and Foundations,1986,26(1):25—35.
[8]TOKIMATSU K,UCHIDA A.Correlation between liquefaction resis-tance and shear wave velocity[J].Soils and Foundations,1990,30(2):33—42.
[9]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华.控制试样初始剪切模量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):682—685.
[10]程国勇,王建华.用剪切波速评价饱和砂土液化性能的试验研究[J].水利水电技术,2003,34(7):87—89.
[11]王建华,程国勇.饱和砂土的剪切波速与抗液化强度相关性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(4):369—373.
[12]周燕国,陈云敏,柯瀚.砂土液化势剪切波速简化判别法的改进[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(13):2369—2375.
[13]GIULIA VIGGIANI,AATKINSON J H.Interpretation of bender ele-ment tests[J].Geotechnique,1997,45(1):149—154.
[14]JOVICIC V,COOP M R,SIMIC M.Objective criteria for determin-ing Gmax from bender element tests[J].Geotecnique,1996,46(2):357—362.
[15]VINCENZO FIORAVANTE,ROBERTO CAPOFERRI.On the use of multi-directional piezoelectric transducers in triaxial testing[J].Geotechnical Testing Journal,2001,24(3):243—255.
[16]王建华,程国勇,张立.一种在三轴压力室内测试土样剪切波速的新装置[J].天津大学学报,2004,37(2):152—156.
[17]程国勇,张立,王建华.用扭剪波测试土样剪切波速的新技术[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(3):358—359.
[18]程国勇,张献民,赵方冉.扭剪波测试土层剪切波速的技术[J].中国民航学院学报,2005,23(s):137—140.
[19]程国勇,张立,王建华.两种土样剪波速测试方法的对比试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(23):4368—4372.
[20]李万红.用超声波方法测量三轴仪内饱和砂试样剪切模量及其与静动强度间关系的初探[C]∥全国土工建筑物及地基抗震学术讨论会论文汇编,1986:162—167.
[21]李昕.用超声波法测定三轴仪内非饱和砂土试件剪切模量初探[C]∥全国土工建筑物及地基抗震学术讨论会论文汇编,1986:433—438.
[22]黄博,殷建华,陈云敏.压电陶瓷弯曲元法测试土样弹性剪切摸量[J].振动工程学报,2001,14(2):155—160.
[23]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华.控制试样初始剪切摸量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):682—685.
[24]程国勇.饱和砂土剪切波速与抗液化强度相关性的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2004.
[25]赵娜.剪切波速对饱和松散砂(粉)土结构性及抗液化强度影响的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2006.
[26]陈昌军.场地剪切波波速测试及其应用[J].华南地震,2003,23(4):81—86.
[2]SEED H B,IDRISS I M.Simplified procedure for evaluting soil liq-uefaction potential[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,1971,97(9):1249—1273.
[3]中华人民共和国建设部.水利水电工程地质勘察规范GB50011-2001[Z].北京:中华人民共和国建设部,2001.
[4]RONALD D ANDUS,KENNETH H STOKOE.Liquefaction resis-tance of soils from shear-wave velocity[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2000,126(11):1015—1025.
[5]TIMOTHY D STARK,SCOTT M Olson.Liquefaction Resistance us-ing CPT and field case histories[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,1995,121(12):856—869.
[6]DEALBA P,BALDWIN K,JANOO V,et.al.Elastic wave velocity and liquefaction potential[J].Geotech Testing Journal,1984,7(2):77—88.
[7]TOKIMATSU K,YAMAZAKI T,YOSHIMI Y.Soil liquefaction eval-uation by elastic shear moduli[J].Soils and Foundations,1986,26(1):25—35.
[8]TOKIMATSU K,UCHIDA A.Correlation between liquefaction resis-tance and shear wave velocity[J].Soils and Foundations,1990,30(2):33—42.
[9]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华.控制试样初始剪切模量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):682—685.
[10]程国勇,王建华.用剪切波速评价饱和砂土液化性能的试验研究[J].水利水电技术,2003,34(7):87—89.
[11]王建华,程国勇.饱和砂土的剪切波速与抗液化强度相关性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(4):369—373.
[12]周燕国,陈云敏,柯瀚.砂土液化势剪切波速简化判别法的改进[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(13):2369—2375.
[13]GIULIA VIGGIANI,AATKINSON J H.Interpretation of bender ele-ment tests[J].Geotechnique,1997,45(1):149—154.
[14]JOVICIC V,COOP M R,SIMIC M.Objective criteria for determin-ing Gmax from bender element tests[J].Geotecnique,1996,46(2):357—362.
[15]VINCENZO FIORAVANTE,ROBERTO CAPOFERRI.On the use of multi-directional piezoelectric transducers in triaxial testing[J].Geotechnical Testing Journal,2001,24(3):243—255.
[16]王建华,程国勇,张立.一种在三轴压力室内测试土样剪切波速的新装置[J].天津大学学报,2004,37(2):152—156.
[17]程国勇,张立,王建华.用扭剪波测试土样剪切波速的新技术[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(3):358—359.
[18]程国勇,张献民,赵方冉.扭剪波测试土层剪切波速的技术[J].中国民航学院学报,2005,23(s):137—140.
[19]程国勇,张立,王建华.两种土样剪波速测试方法的对比试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(23):4368—4372.
[20]李万红.用超声波方法测量三轴仪内饱和砂试样剪切模量及其与静动强度间关系的初探[C]∥全国土工建筑物及地基抗震学术讨论会论文汇编,1986:162—167.
[21]李昕.用超声波法测定三轴仪内非饱和砂土试件剪切模量初探[C]∥全国土工建筑物及地基抗震学术讨论会论文汇编,1986:433—438.
[22]黄博,殷建华,陈云敏.压电陶瓷弯曲元法测试土样弹性剪切摸量[J].振动工程学报,2001,14(2):155—160.
[23]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华.控制试样初始剪切摸量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):682—685.
[24]程国勇.饱和砂土剪切波速与抗液化强度相关性的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2004.
[25]赵娜.剪切波速对饱和松散砂(粉)土结构性及抗液化强度影响的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2006.
[26]陈昌军.场地剪切波波速测试及其应用[J].华南地震,2003,23(4):81—86.
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