三峡二期工程蓄水后的垂直形变场
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摘要
根据三峡地区的数字高程模型 (DEM) ,模拟三峡二期工程蓄水位达到 135m后的水体负载 ,利用Far rell提出的质量负荷产生的地球形变理论 ,推算三峡水库水位达到 135m后整个库区的垂直形变 ,与三峡库区GPS形变监测网获得的蓄水前后的垂直形变图像进行对比分析 ,结果显示 :在三斗坪 巴东库段 ,两者中都出现了 3个相同的、明显的垂直形变集中区。在三峡大坝附近 ,模拟结果比观测结果大 8～ 15mm ,说明坝址附近的花岗岩具有较强的刚性 ;而在香溪 ,模拟结果比观测结果要小 2 3mm ,且GPS观测到长江两岸的垂直变化差异达到 2 2mm ,说明该段地质构造的特殊性和复杂性。综合分析表明 ,三峡大坝坝址所在地的地质构造和地壳是稳定的。
In the light of the digital elevation model of the Three Gorges region, the water loading was simulated, which describes the status after the first impoundment water level at 135 m. The vertical deformation of the Three Gorges area was calculated according to the Farrell's globosity deformation theory. Comparing these calculated results with those surveyed by GPS monitoring network of the Three Gorges Reservoir's crustal deformation, we found that in both the results there are three similar and obvious vertical changes areas between Sandoupin and Badong.Near the dam the vertical deformation value is 15 mm larger than GPS results,which shows that the granite structure has strong rigidity in this area. The vertical subsidence value in Xiangxi is 23 mm less than the observed. the GPS results also show that the deformation difference between two bank of the Yangtze River is 22 mm, which reveals the geological structure is especial and complex in this area.Integrated analysis imply that the geological structure and crustal activity at the Three Gorges Dam Area is stable.
In the light of the digital elevation model of the Three Gorges region, the water loading was simulated, which describes the status after the first impoundment water level at 135 m. The vertical deformation of the Three Gorges area was calculated according to the Farrell's globosity deformation theory. Comparing these calculated results with those surveyed by GPS monitoring network of the Three Gorges Reservoir's crustal deformation, we found that in both the results there are three similar and obvious vertical changes areas between Sandoupin and Badong.Near the dam the vertical deformation value is 15 mm larger than GPS results,which shows that the granite structure has strong rigidity in this area. The vertical subsidence value in Xiangxi is 23 mm less than the observed. the GPS results also show that the deformation difference between two bank of the Yangtze River is 22 mm, which reveals the geological structure is especial and complex in this area.Integrated analysis imply that the geological structure and crustal activity at the Three Gorges Dam Area is stable.
引文
1 库尔特.拉姆贝克.地球物理大地测量学(译著),测绘出版社,1995北京64～67
1 K .Lambeck.(Transl.byHuangLiren,etal.)GeophysicandGeodesy[M].Beijing:ThePublishingHouseofSurveyingandMapping,1995,64-67.(inChinese)
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3 GaoSJ,etal.Thelithospherestressfieldandtheearth quakeintheThreeGorges[M ].Beijing:SeismologicalPress,1992,79-114.(inChinese)
4 曾心传,高士均,陈永成,等.三峡水库水压应力场、形变场和孔压场的研究[A].长江三峡工程对生态和环境影响及其对策研究论文集[C].科学出版社,1987,585～595.
4 ZengXC ,GaoSJ ,etal.Analysisofthestress,deforma tionfieldand pore pressureunderwaterloadsinthetheThreeGorgesreservior[C].ImpactsoftheThreeGorgesProjectonEcosystemandEnvironmentsandPossibleCoun termeasures,SciencePress,1987,585-595.(inChinese)
5 FarrellWE .DeformationoftheEarthbysurfaceloads[J].Rev.Geophys.,1972,10:761-797.
6 WangHansheng.SurfaceverticaldisplacementsandlevelplanechangesinthefrontreservoirareacausedbyfillingtheThreeGorgesReservoir[J].JournalofGeophysicalRe search,2000,105(B6):13211-13220.
7 乔学军,李澍荪,王琪,等.利用InSar技术获取三峡地区的数字高程模型[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(2):122～127
7 QiaoXuejun,LiShusun,WangQi,etal.AcquisitionofDEMofThreeGorgesareabyInSAR [J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2003,23(2):122-127.(inChinese)
8 邢灿飞,龚凯虹,杜瑞林.长江三峡工程地壳形变监测网络[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(1):114～118
8 XingChanfei,GongKaihongandDuRuilin.Crustaldefor mationmonitoringnetworkforThreeGorges projectonYangtzeRiver[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2003,23(1):114-118.(inChinese)
9 牛之俊,马宗晋,陈鑫连,等.中国地壳运动观测网络[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(3),88～93.
9 NiuZhijun,MaZongjin,ChenXinlian,etal.CrustalMove mentObservationNetworkofChina[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(3):88-93.(inChinese)
10 张少泉.地球物理学概论[M ].北京:地震出版社,1987,182～183.
10 ZhangShaoquan.Outlineofgeophysics[M ].Beijing:Seis mologicalPress,1987,182-183.(inChinese)
11 毛伟建.地球表面质量负荷的静态响应[J].地球物理学报,1984,27(1):74～83.
11 MaoWeijian.StaticresponseoftheEarthundersurfacemassLoads[J].ActaGeophysieaSinica,1984,27(1):74-83.(inChinese)
1 K .Lambeck.(Transl.byHuangLiren,etal.)GeophysicandGeodesy[M].Beijing:ThePublishingHouseofSurveyingandMapping,1995,64-67.(inChinese)
2 金煜,姜效典.岩石圈动力学[M ].北京:科学出版社,2002.2 JinYnandJiangXiaodian.LithosphereDynamics[M ].Bei jing:SciencePress,2002.(inChinese)
3 高士均,等.长江三峡地区地壳应力场与地震[M ].北京:地震出版社,1992,79～114.
3 GaoSJ,etal.Thelithospherestressfieldandtheearth quakeintheThreeGorges[M ].Beijing:SeismologicalPress,1992,79-114.(inChinese)
4 曾心传,高士均,陈永成,等.三峡水库水压应力场、形变场和孔压场的研究[A].长江三峡工程对生态和环境影响及其对策研究论文集[C].科学出版社,1987,585～595.
4 ZengXC ,GaoSJ ,etal.Analysisofthestress,deforma tionfieldand pore pressureunderwaterloadsinthetheThreeGorgesreservior[C].ImpactsoftheThreeGorgesProjectonEcosystemandEnvironmentsandPossibleCoun termeasures,SciencePress,1987,585-595.(inChinese)
5 FarrellWE .DeformationoftheEarthbysurfaceloads[J].Rev.Geophys.,1972,10:761-797.
6 WangHansheng.SurfaceverticaldisplacementsandlevelplanechangesinthefrontreservoirareacausedbyfillingtheThreeGorgesReservoir[J].JournalofGeophysicalRe search,2000,105(B6):13211-13220.
7 乔学军,李澍荪,王琪,等.利用InSar技术获取三峡地区的数字高程模型[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(2):122～127
7 QiaoXuejun,LiShusun,WangQi,etal.AcquisitionofDEMofThreeGorgesareabyInSAR [J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2003,23(2):122-127.(inChinese)
8 邢灿飞,龚凯虹,杜瑞林.长江三峡工程地壳形变监测网络[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(1):114～118
8 XingChanfei,GongKaihongandDuRuilin.Crustaldefor mationmonitoringnetworkforThreeGorges projectonYangtzeRiver[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2003,23(1):114-118.(inChinese)
9 牛之俊,马宗晋,陈鑫连,等.中国地壳运动观测网络[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(3),88～93.
9 NiuZhijun,MaZongjin,ChenXinlian,etal.CrustalMove mentObservationNetworkofChina[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(3):88-93.(inChinese)
10 张少泉.地球物理学概论[M ].北京:地震出版社,1987,182～183.
10 ZhangShaoquan.Outlineofgeophysics[M ].Beijing:Seis mologicalPress,1987,182-183.(inChinese)
11 毛伟建.地球表面质量负荷的静态响应[J].地球物理学报,1984,27(1):74～83.
11 MaoWeijian.StaticresponseoftheEarthundersurfacemassLoads[J].ActaGeophysieaSinica,1984,27(1):74-83.(inChinese)
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