基于开采环境再造深孔诱导崩矿方案优化研究
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摘要
针对新疆喀拉通克铜镍矿高价值软破矿体的特征,提出了开采环境再造深孔诱导崩矿采矿技术,并主要从维护采场稳定性和保证矿石合格块度率的角度,对崩矿方案进行优化研究.首先,运用FLAC3D软件对侧向挤压崩矿和水平分层崩矿过程进行数值模拟,分别从位移场和应力场的分布和变化来分析不同方案对采场结构稳定性的影响;其次,分析了节理裂隙分布对原始矿体的切割作用,以及爆破挤压作用对崩落块度的影响.研究结果表明,侧向挤压崩矿更有利于维护采场结构的稳定,引导节理裂隙对矿体的合理切割,并能充分发挥挤压效应,提高崩落矿石块度的合格率.图4,表1,参14.
According to the characteristics of complex high-value deposit in XinJiang province,the reconstructed mining environment and deep-hole induction caving method was proposed in the first time,and then the caving schemes were optimized based on the stope's stability and ore's fragments size. Firstly,the caving process in the side-extruding scheme and horizontal-slice scheme were simulated by FLAC3D,and the influence on stope's stability was evaluated by analyzing the distribution and variation of both stress and displacement fields,respectively. Secondly,the cutting actions by cracks and joints,as well as the squeezing actions by blasting on the original ore were analyzed. Finally,the Side-extruding caving scheme was considered to be the preferred plan,and the reasons as follow:(1) more advantageous to maintenance stope's structure stable; (2) guiding joints to cut the ore body reasonably; (3) can utilize the squeezing effect fully and improve the caving quality. 4figs.,1tab.,14refs.
According to the characteristics of complex high-value deposit in XinJiang province,the reconstructed mining environment and deep-hole induction caving method was proposed in the first time,and then the caving schemes were optimized based on the stope's stability and ore's fragments size. Firstly,the caving process in the side-extruding scheme and horizontal-slice scheme were simulated by FLAC3D,and the influence on stope's stability was evaluated by analyzing the distribution and variation of both stress and displacement fields,respectively. Secondly,the cutting actions by cracks and joints,as well as the squeezing actions by blasting on the original ore were analyzed. Finally,the Side-extruding caving scheme was considered to be the preferred plan,and the reasons as follow:(1) more advantageous to maintenance stope's structure stable; (2) guiding joints to cut the ore body reasonably; (3) can utilize the squeezing effect fully and improve the caving quality. 4figs.,1tab.,14refs.
引文
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[4]李夕兵,李地元,郭雷,等.动力扰动下深部高应力矿柱力学响应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):922-928.LI Xi-bing,LI Di-yuan,GUO Lei,et al.Study on Mechanical Response of Highly-stressed Pillars in Deep Mining Under Dynamic Disturbance[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineer-ing,2007,26(5):922-928.
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[7]高大水,曾勇.三峡永久船闸高边坡锚索预应力状态监测分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(5):653-656.GAO Da-shui,ZENG Yong.Monitoring Analysis on Prestress State of Anchor Cable of High Slope of the TGP Permanent Shiplocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(5):653-656.
[8]尤春安,战玉宝.预应力锚索锚固段的应力分布规律及分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):925-928.YOUChun-an,ZHANYu-bao.Distribution Characters and Analysis of Stresses in Prestressed Cables[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):925-928.
[9]杨苏杭,梁斌,顾金才,等.锚固洞室抗爆模型试验锚索预应力变化特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增2):3749-3756.YANG Su-hang,LIANG Bin,GU Jin-cai,et al.Research on Characteristics of Prestress Change of Anchorage Cable Anti-explosion Model Test ofAnchored Cavern[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mecha-nics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp2):3749-3756.
[10]彭苏萍,孙连莫,马春丽.地下开采岩体变形综合分析方法及其应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(1):80-83.PENG Su-ping,SUN Lian-ying,MA Chun-li.Synthetically Analysis Method of Rock Movement in Underground Mining and Case Study[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2002,31(1):80-83.
[11]周科平,苏家红,古德生,等.复杂充填体下矿体开采安全顶板厚度非线性预测方法[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2005,36(6):1094-1099.ZHOU Ke-ping,SU Jia-hong,GU De-sheng,et al.The Nonlinear Forecasting Method of the Least Security Coping Thickness When Mining Under Complex Filling Body[J].Journal of Centre South University:Science and Technology,2005,36(6):1094-1099.
[12]朱维申,孙爱花,王文涛,等.大型洞室群高边墙位移预测和围岩稳定性判别方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1729-1736.ZHU Wei-shen,SUN Ai-hua,WANG Wen-tao,et al.Study on Prediction of High Wall Displacement and Stability Judging Method of Surrounding Rock for Large Cavern Groups[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(9):1729-1736.
[13]孙广忠.工程地质与地质工程[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.SUN Guang-zhong.Engineering Geology and Geological Engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1993.
[14]吴爱祥,韩斌,阳雨平,等.侧向挤压连续推进振动出矿崩落法的研究[J].金属矿山,2002,(2):3-6.WU Ai-xiang,HAN bin,YANG Yu-ping,et al.Research on the Caving Method of Side-extruding Continuous-advancing Vibratory ore-drawing[J].Metal Mine,2002,(2):3-6.
[2]HU Jian-hua,ZHOU Ke-ping,LI Xi-bing,et al.Numerical Analysis of Application for Induction Caving Roof[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2005,12(Supp1):146-149.
[3]闫长斌,徐国元,李夕兵.爆破震动对采空区稳定性影响的FLAC～(3D)分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2894-2899.YAN Chang-bin,XU Guo-yuan,LI Xi-bing.Stability Analysis of Mined-out Areas Influenced by Blasting Vibration with FLAC～(3D)[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2894-2899.
[4]李夕兵,李地元,郭雷,等.动力扰动下深部高应力矿柱力学响应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):922-928.LI Xi-bing,LI Di-yuan,GUO Lei,et al.Study on Mechanical Response of Highly-stressed Pillars in Deep Mining Under Dynamic Disturbance[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineer-ing,2007,26(5):922-928.
[5]王家臣,陈忠辉,熊道慧,等.金川镍矿二矿区矿石自然崩落规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(6):596-600.WANGJia-chen,CHENZhong-hui,XIONGDao-hui,et al.Research on Natural Caving Regularity of Ore in No.2Mining Area in Jinchuan Nickel Mine[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Techno-logy,2000,29(6):596-600.
[6]王汉军,杨仁树,李清.深部岩巷爆破机理分析和爆破参数设计[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(4):373-376.WANG Han-jun,YANG Ren-shu,LI Qing.Analysis of Blasting Mechanismfor Deep Rock Tunnelingand BlastingParameters Design[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(4):373-376.
[7]高大水,曾勇.三峡永久船闸高边坡锚索预应力状态监测分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(5):653-656.GAO Da-shui,ZENG Yong.Monitoring Analysis on Prestress State of Anchor Cable of High Slope of the TGP Permanent Shiplocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(5):653-656.
[8]尤春安,战玉宝.预应力锚索锚固段的应力分布规律及分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):925-928.YOUChun-an,ZHANYu-bao.Distribution Characters and Analysis of Stresses in Prestressed Cables[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):925-928.
[9]杨苏杭,梁斌,顾金才,等.锚固洞室抗爆模型试验锚索预应力变化特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增2):3749-3756.YANG Su-hang,LIANG Bin,GU Jin-cai,et al.Research on Characteristics of Prestress Change of Anchorage Cable Anti-explosion Model Test ofAnchored Cavern[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mecha-nics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp2):3749-3756.
[10]彭苏萍,孙连莫,马春丽.地下开采岩体变形综合分析方法及其应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(1):80-83.PENG Su-ping,SUN Lian-ying,MA Chun-li.Synthetically Analysis Method of Rock Movement in Underground Mining and Case Study[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2002,31(1):80-83.
[11]周科平,苏家红,古德生,等.复杂充填体下矿体开采安全顶板厚度非线性预测方法[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2005,36(6):1094-1099.ZHOU Ke-ping,SU Jia-hong,GU De-sheng,et al.The Nonlinear Forecasting Method of the Least Security Coping Thickness When Mining Under Complex Filling Body[J].Journal of Centre South University:Science and Technology,2005,36(6):1094-1099.
[12]朱维申,孙爱花,王文涛,等.大型洞室群高边墙位移预测和围岩稳定性判别方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1729-1736.ZHU Wei-shen,SUN Ai-hua,WANG Wen-tao,et al.Study on Prediction of High Wall Displacement and Stability Judging Method of Surrounding Rock for Large Cavern Groups[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(9):1729-1736.
[13]孙广忠.工程地质与地质工程[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.SUN Guang-zhong.Engineering Geology and Geological Engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1993.
[14]吴爱祥,韩斌,阳雨平,等.侧向挤压连续推进振动出矿崩落法的研究[J].金属矿山,2002,(2):3-6.WU Ai-xiang,HAN bin,YANG Yu-ping,et al.Research on the Caving Method of Side-extruding Continuous-advancing Vibratory ore-drawing[J].Metal Mine,2002,(2):3-6.
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