摩托车随机振动响应分析
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摘要
研究了摩托车受到不平路面激励而产生的垂向随机振动。摩托车采用四自由度垂向振动模型,构建了摩托车振动分析有限元模型。运用路面不平度随机振动的功率谱密度分析方法,拟合了不同路面等级、不同车速下三种行驶情况的路面时间频率功率谱密度作为路面激励,得出了摩托车整车的模态特性以及对应的加速度响应功率谱密度。结果表明:路面不平度和摩托车行驶速度对结构随机振动响应影响较大,而当结构某阶固有频率与瞬时的空间频率一致时发生共振。此分析方法可用于研究摩托车的舒适性和平顺性,具有较强的工程实用价值。
Vertical random vibration of motorcycle subjected to irregular road excitation was studied.The motorcycle was simulated by a 4-degree freedom vertical vibration model,and its vibration finite element analysis model was established.The irregular road random vibration Power Spectral Density(PSD)analysis method was applied to build the road's time frequency PSD under three situations of different road rate and velocity,then the modal characteristics and corresponding acceleration response PSD of the whole motorcycle was solved out.The results show that:the road irregularity and motorcycle running speed both have remarkable influences on the system random vibration response,and the system will resonate when certain natural frequency equal to its transient spatial frequency.This analysis method could be used to research the ride comfort and smooth of motorcycle.It also has stronger proetical engineering value.
Vertical random vibration of motorcycle subjected to irregular road excitation was studied.The motorcycle was simulated by a 4-degree freedom vertical vibration model,and its vibration finite element analysis model was established.The irregular road random vibration Power Spectral Density(PSD)analysis method was applied to build the road's time frequency PSD under three situations of different road rate and velocity,then the modal characteristics and corresponding acceleration response PSD of the whole motorcycle was solved out.The results show that:the road irregularity and motorcycle running speed both have remarkable influences on the system random vibration response,and the system will resonate when certain natural frequency equal to its transient spatial frequency.This analysis method could be used to research the ride comfort and smooth of motorcycle.It also has stronger proetical engineering value.
引文
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[2]刘月辉,史春涛,赵骞,等.用有限元方法进行摩托车动力响应分析[J].小型内燃机与摩托车,2003,32(4):46～48.
[3]张志超,赵岩,林家浩.车桥耦合系统非平稳随机振动分析[J].振动工程学报,2007,20(5):339～446.
[4]彭献,刘晓辉,文桂林.基于虚拟激励法的变速行驶车辆振动分析[J].湖南大学学报,2007,34(11):37～41.
[5]伊辉俊,黄昶春,韦志林,等.重型车车架的动态特性分析[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(12):20～23.
[6]余志生.汽车理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[7]Q E纽兰.随机振动与谱分析概论[M].北京:机械工厂业出版社,1978.
[8]庄表中,陈乃立.随机振动的理论与实例分析[M].北京:地震出版社,1985.
[9]《汽车工程手册》编辑委员会.汽车工程手册——摩托车篇[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
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