岩石破裂前红外热像的时空演化特征
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摘要
以花岗闪长岩和大理岩试件单轴加载红外观测实验为例,对岩石破裂前红外热像的时空演化特征进行了分析.结果表明:岩石在塑性变形阶段随着微破裂的产生出现热像空间分异现象,表现为在未来剪性破裂位置出现高温异常条带,且高温异常条带之间的区域出现低温辐射异常,这种热像异常特征是岩石宏观破裂的早期红外前兆.而临失稳前热像整体表现出的短暂降温是岩石宏观破裂的晚期红外前兆.两种红外前兆的出现及其空间特征与岩石破裂形式及应力场分布格局有密切关系.
Exemplifying the granodiorite and marble specimens which were loaded uniaxially for observation via infrared thermal images,the characteristics of temporal-spatial evolution of infrared thermal images before rock failure were analyzed.The results showed that a differentiation was found in the space of thermal image with the initiation of microcracks during the plastic deformation of specimens,where the formation of high-temperature abnormal stripes indicates the possible shear failure position in future and the low-temperature abnormal radiation is found between those stripes.Both the abnormalities mean the early infrared precursor of macrofailure of rock,while the short-time rock temperature drop as shown in all thermal images is facing an out-of-stability state and means the late infrared precursor of macrofailure of rock.The occurrence of the two precursors and their spatial characteristics relate closely to the form of rock failure and distribution of stress field.
Exemplifying the granodiorite and marble specimens which were loaded uniaxially for observation via infrared thermal images,the characteristics of temporal-spatial evolution of infrared thermal images before rock failure were analyzed.The results showed that a differentiation was found in the space of thermal image with the initiation of microcracks during the plastic deformation of specimens,where the formation of high-temperature abnormal stripes indicates the possible shear failure position in future and the low-temperature abnormal radiation is found between those stripes.Both the abnormalities mean the early infrared precursor of macrofailure of rock,while the short-time rock temperature drop as shown in all thermal images is facing an out-of-stability state and means the late infrared precursor of macrofailure of rock.The occurrence of the two precursors and their spatial characteristics relate closely to the form of rock failure and distribution of stress field.
引文
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[2]耿乃光,崔承禹,邓明德,等.岩石破裂实验中的遥感观测与遥感岩石力学的开端[J].地震学报,1992,14(S):645-652.(Geng Nai-guang,Cui Cheng-yu,Deng Ming-de,et al.Remote sensing detection on rock fracturing experiment andthe beginning of remote sensing rock mechanics[J].ActaSeismologic Sinica,1992,14(S):645-652.)
[3]Wu L X,Liu S J,Wu Y H,et al.Precursors for rockfracturing and failure—partⅠ:IRR image abnormalities[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&MiningSciences,2006,43(3):473-482.
[4]Wu L X,Liu S J,Wu Y H,et al.Precursors for rockfracturing and failure—partⅡ:IRR T-curve abnormalities[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&MiningSciences,2006,43(3):483-493.
[5]Liu P X,Ma J,Liu L Q,et al.An experimental study onvariation of thermal fields during the deformation of acompressive en echelon fault set[J].Progress in NaturalScience,2007,17(3):298-304.
[6]马瑾,刘力强,刘培洵,等.断层失稳错动热场前兆模式:雁列断层的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1141-1149.(Ma Jin,Liu Li-qiang,Liu Pei-xun,et al.Thermalprecursory pattern of fault unstable sliding:an experimentalstudy of en echelon faults[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(4):1141-1149.)
[7]刘善军,吴立新,吴焕萍,等.多暗色矿物类岩石单轴加载过程中红外辐射定量研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(11):1585-1589.(Liu Shan-jun,Wu Li-xin,Wu Huan-ping,et al.Quantitative study on the thermal infrared radiation of darkmineral rock in condition of uniaxial loading[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(11):1585-1589.)
[8]吴立新,刘善军,吴育华.遥感-岩石力学引论:岩石受力灾变的红外遥感[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.(Wu Li-xin,Liu Shan-jun,Wu Yu-hua.Introduction toremote sensing rock mechanics:infrared remote sensing forrock catastrophe due to overload[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.)
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