多场耦合下急斜煤层开采三维物理模拟(1)
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摘要
复杂环境与多场耦合作用下,采空区煤岩体非对称变形诱致局部化失稳并演化为动力灾害。针对于西北强震作用下煤矿采空区(局部化)动力失稳定量预报,以乌鲁木齐矿区急倾斜煤层放顶煤开采为背景,首先系统分析了物理模拟复合材料损伤与破裂的"声-光-电"信号迁移途径与有效可靠的测试方法,继而构建了大型立体地球物理模拟装置与"声-光-电"指标信息测控系统,形成动力灾害源的识别技术和危险性分析技术(平台)。这最终为急倾斜厚煤层放顶煤开采技术参数的合理确定、提高灾害识别能力和预测精度以及灾害控制奠定科学基础。
Under the complex environment and multi-field coupling effect,un-symmetric deformation of the mined-out-area would lead to the localized destabilization so as to induce disasters.The object is to quantificationally predict the localized dynamical destabilization of the mined-out-area applied to the high-section-top-coal-caving(HSTCC) method for heavy-steep coal seam of Wulumuqi coal region in western seismic geophysical environment.Firstly,the transferring way of acoustics(emission)-optics-electricity(AOE) signals and invalid testing method of composite physical simulation material damage and fracture process were analyzed synthetically.Then,a large-scale-three-dimensional geophysical simulation assembly were performed and its hybrid test system indicating the AOE information.The technical platform has been formed indicating the dynamic hazard origin and fatalness analysis and discrimination.Finally,those would provide the scientific foundation including determination the rational mining parameters,improving the hazard discrimination and predicting precision and disaster control in the process of the top-cave heavy steep and thick coal seam.
Under the complex environment and multi-field coupling effect,un-symmetric deformation of the mined-out-area would lead to the localized destabilization so as to induce disasters.The object is to quantificationally predict the localized dynamical destabilization of the mined-out-area applied to the high-section-top-coal-caving(HSTCC) method for heavy-steep coal seam of Wulumuqi coal region in western seismic geophysical environment.Firstly,the transferring way of acoustics(emission)-optics-electricity(AOE) signals and invalid testing method of composite physical simulation material damage and fracture process were analyzed synthetically.Then,a large-scale-three-dimensional geophysical simulation assembly were performed and its hybrid test system indicating the AOE information.The technical platform has been formed indicating the dynamic hazard origin and fatalness analysis and discrimination.Finally,those would provide the scientific foundation including determination the rational mining parameters,improving the hazard discrimination and predicting precision and disaster control in the process of the top-cave heavy steep and thick coal seam.
引文
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[10]来兴平,吴学明,高喜才,等.基于MTS-AE单轴压缩下的煤岩损伤特征[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(2):375-378.LAI Xing-ping,WU Xue-ming,GAO Xi-cai,et al.Characteristics analysis of coal-rock damage based on MTS-AE uniaxialcompression[J].Journal of Xi′an University of Science and Technology,2008,28(2):375-378.
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[13]来兴平,吕兆海,张勇,等.不同加载模式下煤岩介质损伤与变形AE特征对比分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(增2):3 521-3 527.LAI Xing-ping,LV Zhao-hai,ZHANG Yong,et al.Comparative analysis of acoustics emission characteristics on damage anddeformation of coal samples under different loading modes[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(Suppl.2):3 521-3 527.
[14]来兴平,栾小东,伍永平,等.开采扰动区变尺度采空区覆岩介质动态损伤实验[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(9):902-906.LAI Xing-ping,LUAN Xiao-dong,WU Yong-ping,et al.Experiment on dynamical damage of overburden-rock media at vari-ous scale mined-out area in excavation disturbed zone[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(9):902-906.
[15]LAI Xing-ping,CAI Mei-feng,RENFen-hua,et al.Assessment of rock mass characteristics and the excavation disturbed zonein the Linxin Coal Mine beneath the Xitian river,China[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Science,2006,43(4):572-581.
[16]Vandergrift L,Matthew J.De Marco,et al.Advanced techniques in site characterization and mining hazard detection for theunderground coal industry[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2002,50(1-4):275-301.
[17]Butt S D.Development of an apparatus to study the gas permeability and acoustic emission characteristics of an outburst-pronesandstone as a function of stress[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(8):1 079-1 085.
[18]王怀文,周宏伟,左建平,等.光测方法在岩层移动相似模拟实验中的应用[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):278-231.WANG Huai-wen,ZHOU Hong-wei,ZUO Jian-ping,et al.Application of optical measurement method in strata movementsimulation experiment[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(3):278-231.
[19]柴敬,邱标,魏世明,等.岩层变形检测的植入式光纤Bragg光栅应变传递分析与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2 551-2 556.CHAI Jing,QIU Biao,WEI Shi-ming,et al.Strain transfer of embedded fiber bragg grating sensors for rock deformation andits application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2 551-2 556.
[20]张子飞,李立波,来兴平.复杂破碎围岩状态下大断面巷道稳定性综合分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(4):629-633.ZHANG Zi-fei,LI Li-bo,LAI Xing-ping.Hybrid evaluation on large-scale roadway′s stability under complex and cracked con-dition[J].Journal of Xi′an Unviersity of Science and Technology,2008,28(4):629-633.
[21]WU Li-xin,CUI Cheng-yu,GENG Nai-guang,et al.Remote sensing rock mechanics and associated experimental studies[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37:879-888.
[2]神华新疆能源有限公司,西安科技大学.急倾斜大段高综放工作面安全开采技术研究[R].西安:西安科技大学,2008.Shenhua Xinjiang Energy Ltd,Xi′an University of Science and Technology.Safe mining technology of steep-seam using high-section top-coal-caving face[R].Xi′an:Xi′an University of Science and Technology,2008.
[3]王思敬.岩石力学新进展与西部开发中的岩土工程问题[C].//中国岩石力学与工程学会.中国岩石力学与工程学会第七次学术大会论文集.北京:中国科学技术出版社,2002.WANG Si-jing.Advances in rock mechanics and the development of the western region of geotechnical problems[C].//Chi-nese Society for Rock Mechanics and Engineering.Chinese Society of Rock Mechanics and Engineering Seventh SymposiumProceedings.Beijing:Science and Technology of China Press,2002.
[4]张四新,焦利真,李建平.断层形变异常识别与地震预测[J].国际地震动态,2007,34(5):30-33.ZHANG Si-xin;JIAO Li-zhen,LI Jian-ping.Identification of fault deformation and earthquake[J].Recent Developments inWorld Seismology,2007,34(5):30-33.
[5]马谨,马胜利,刘力强,等.断层相互作用模式的实验研究[J].自然科学进展,2002,12(5):503-508.MA Jin,MA Sheng-li,LIU Li-qiang,et al.Fault of the experimental study of interaction patterns[J].Progress in Natural Sci-ence,2002,12(5):503-508.
[6]Suorineni F T,Tannant D D,Kaiser P K.Determination of fault-related sloughage in open stopes[J].International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(7):891-906.
[7]Merce R A,Bawden W F.A statistical approach for the integrated analysis of mine-induced seismicity and numerical stressestimates,a case study-Part-I:developing the relations[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42(1):47-72.
[8]Mercer R A,Bawden W F.A statistical approach for the integrated analysis of mine induced seismicity and numerical stressestimates,a case study-Part-II:evaluation of the relations[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sci-ences,2005,42(1):73-94.
[9]Tang C A.Numerical simulation of rock failure and associated seismicity[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics andMining Science,1997,34(2):249-261.
[10]来兴平,吴学明,高喜才,等.基于MTS-AE单轴压缩下的煤岩损伤特征[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(2):375-378.LAI Xing-ping,WU Xue-ming,GAO Xi-cai,et al.Characteristics analysis of coal-rock damage based on MTS-AE uniaxialcompression[J].Journal of Xi′an University of Science and Technology,2008,28(2):375-378.
[11]蔡美峰.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.CAI Mei-feng.The principle and technology in measurement of the ground stress[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000.
[12]张子飞,来兴平.复杂条件下急斜厚煤层高阶段综放开采超前预爆破[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(8):845-848.ZHANG Zi-fei,LAI Xing-ping.Segment pre-blasting of sublevel caving of steep and thick coal seam under complex condi-tions[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(8):845-848.
[13]来兴平,吕兆海,张勇,等.不同加载模式下煤岩介质损伤与变形AE特征对比分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(增2):3 521-3 527.LAI Xing-ping,LV Zhao-hai,ZHANG Yong,et al.Comparative analysis of acoustics emission characteristics on damage anddeformation of coal samples under different loading modes[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(Suppl.2):3 521-3 527.
[14]来兴平,栾小东,伍永平,等.开采扰动区变尺度采空区覆岩介质动态损伤实验[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(9):902-906.LAI Xing-ping,LUAN Xiao-dong,WU Yong-ping,et al.Experiment on dynamical damage of overburden-rock media at vari-ous scale mined-out area in excavation disturbed zone[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(9):902-906.
[15]LAI Xing-ping,CAI Mei-feng,RENFen-hua,et al.Assessment of rock mass characteristics and the excavation disturbed zonein the Linxin Coal Mine beneath the Xitian river,China[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Science,2006,43(4):572-581.
[16]Vandergrift L,Matthew J.De Marco,et al.Advanced techniques in site characterization and mining hazard detection for theunderground coal industry[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2002,50(1-4):275-301.
[17]Butt S D.Development of an apparatus to study the gas permeability and acoustic emission characteristics of an outburst-pronesandstone as a function of stress[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(8):1 079-1 085.
[18]王怀文,周宏伟,左建平,等.光测方法在岩层移动相似模拟实验中的应用[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):278-231.WANG Huai-wen,ZHOU Hong-wei,ZUO Jian-ping,et al.Application of optical measurement method in strata movementsimulation experiment[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(3):278-231.
[19]柴敬,邱标,魏世明,等.岩层变形检测的植入式光纤Bragg光栅应变传递分析与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2 551-2 556.CHAI Jing,QIU Biao,WEI Shi-ming,et al.Strain transfer of embedded fiber bragg grating sensors for rock deformation andits application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2 551-2 556.
[20]张子飞,李立波,来兴平.复杂破碎围岩状态下大断面巷道稳定性综合分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(4):629-633.ZHANG Zi-fei,LI Li-bo,LAI Xing-ping.Hybrid evaluation on large-scale roadway′s stability under complex and cracked con-dition[J].Journal of Xi′an Unviersity of Science and Technology,2008,28(4):629-633.
[21]WU Li-xin,CUI Cheng-yu,GENG Nai-guang,et al.Remote sensing rock mechanics and associated experimental studies[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37:879-888.
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