矿震前兆分区监测方法及应用
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摘要
根据岩土介质冲击震动能量衰减规律,确定了冲击震动破坏的最大动力响应范围,提出了矿震前兆分区监测方法,采用编程工具VB对CAD的二次开发,实现了矿震监测结果在矿图上的合成和分区统计处理.以古城煤矿2次冲击矿压前矿震信号为研究对象,分区分析和利用这些前兆信息,结果表明:在冲击矿压发生前,矿井矿震活动活跃,矿震总能量、矿震最大能量和矿震频次均较高;冲击矿压发生后,由于释放了煤岩体中积聚的大量弹性能,矿震能量和矿震次数迅速降低.矿震分区监测冲击矿压方法快速准确地反映出采掘区域矿震变化趋势,以便对冲击危险进行预测并及时采取解危措施.
The maximum dynamic response range of failure subjected to an impulse load was ascertained based on the law of earthquake energy attenuation in geomaterials,a zoning monitoring method of microseismic(MS) premonition was presented.Through further development of CAD based on VB software,projection drawing onto mining map and zoning statistic of MS monitoring results were realized.According to the MS signals before two rock bursts of Gucheng Coal Mine,some rules of MS premonition were obtained by zoning monitoring.The results show that the MS is activity before rock burst,the MS signals are very high in total energy,maximum energy and frequency.The energy and frequency of MS decrease rapidly after rock burst because a lot of energy is released.To sum up,the method of zoning monitoring is useful in promoting the forecast of rock burst.
The maximum dynamic response range of failure subjected to an impulse load was ascertained based on the law of earthquake energy attenuation in geomaterials,a zoning monitoring method of microseismic(MS) premonition was presented.Through further development of CAD based on VB software,projection drawing onto mining map and zoning statistic of MS monitoring results were realized.According to the MS signals before two rock bursts of Gucheng Coal Mine,some rules of MS premonition were obtained by zoning monitoring.The results show that the MS is activity before rock burst,the MS signals are very high in total energy,maximum energy and frequency.The energy and frequency of MS decrease rapidly after rock burst because a lot of energy is released.To sum up,the method of zoning monitoring is useful in promoting the forecast of rock burst.
引文
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[2]窦林名,何学秋.采矿地球物理学[M].北京:中国科学文化出版社,2002.Dou Linming,He Xueqiu.Mining geophysics[M].Beijing:China Science and Culture Press,2002.
[3]李铁,蔡美峰,张少泉,等.我国的采矿诱发地震[J].东北地震研究,2005,21(3):1-26.Li Tie,Cai Meifeng,Zhang Shaoquan,et al.Mining induced seismicity in China[J].Seismological Research of NortheastChina,2005,21(3):1-26.
[4]姜福兴,Xun Luo.微震监测技术在矿井岩层破裂监测中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):147-149.Jiang Fuxing,Xun Luo.Application of microseismic monitoring technology of strata fracturing in underground coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(2):147-149.
[5]成云海,姜福兴,程久龙,等.关键层运动诱发矿震的微震探测初步研究[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):273-277.Cheng Yunhai,Jiang Fuxing,Cheng Jiulong.et al.The primary study on microseismic locating and monitoring technology ofshock bump caused by key stratu mmovement[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(3):273-277.
[6]钱鸣高,石平五.矿石压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003.Qian Minggao,Shi Pingwu.Underground pressure and strata control[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technolo-gy Press,2003.
[7]高明仕,窦林名,张农,等.岩土介质中冲击震动波传播规律的微震试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(7):1 365-1 371.Gao Mingshi,Dou Linming,Zhang Nong,et al.Experimental study on earthquake tremor for transmitting law of rockburst ingeomaterials[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(7):1 365-1 371.
[8]李全晓,姜福兴,王存文,等.微震监测结果在矿图上的定位合成以及应用[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(2):165-168.Li Quanxiao,Jiang Fuxing,Wang Cunwen,et al.Location synthesis of micro-seismic monitoring results on mining maps andits application[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2007,24(2):165-168.
[9]林在康,王斌,谭超.采矿CAD开发及编程技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1998.Lin Zaikang,Wang Bin,Tan Chao.Technique of CAD further development and program on mining[M].Xuzhou:ChinaUniversity of Mining and Technology Press,1998.
[10]陆菜平,窦林名,吴兴荣,等.岩体微震监测的频谱分析与信号识别[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(7):772-775.Lu Caiping,Dou Linming,Wu Xingrong,et al.Frequency spectrum analysis on microseismic monitoring and signal differen-tiation of rock material[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(7):772-775.
[11]曹安业,窦林名,秦玉红,等.高应力区微震监测信号特征分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(2):146-149.Cao Anye,Dou Linming,Qin Yuhong,et al.Characteristic of microseismic monitoring signal in high stressed zone[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2007,24(2):146-149.
[12]潘一山,赵扬锋,官福海,等.矿震监测定位系统的研究及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):1 002-1 011.Pan Yishan,Zhao Yangfeng,Guan Fuhai,et al.Study on rockrurst monitoring and orientation system and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):1 002-1 011.
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