频谱拟合法提高探地雷达垂直分辨率
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摘要
探地雷达分辨率限制着探地雷达对目标的识别能力。本文通过对探地雷达回波波形分析,提出利用回波频谱信息提高探地雷达垂直分辨率。首先通过构建电磁波在分层媒质中的传输模型,得到探地雷达对四层介质的频谱传输函数;接着通过计算不同目标厚度模型对应的回波频谱,来拟合真实回波频谱,从而根据拟合误差曲线提取目标厚度。此方法避免了传统反褶积法求取反射系数不唯一、误差大的缺陷。通过对仿真数据和实验数据的处理,证实了本文所提方法起到了提高垂直分辨率的效果。
The resolution of ground penetrating radar restricts its recognition power.According to the analysis of thin layer reflection wave,this paper presents a method using spectrum information to improve the vertical resolution of GPR.At first,the transmission model of electromagnetic wave in layered media is studied,and then the spectrum transmission function of GPR in four layers is built.The spectrum of the echo wave is fitted through computing the echo spectrums for different thickness layers.According to the fitting error curve,the thickness of the target layer can be picked up.This method avoids the shortcomings of traditional deconvolution method.Through processing the simulation data and experiment data,the effectiveness of this method in improving the vertical resolution of GPR is proved.
The resolution of ground penetrating radar restricts its recognition power.According to the analysis of thin layer reflection wave,this paper presents a method using spectrum information to improve the vertical resolution of GPR.At first,the transmission model of electromagnetic wave in layered media is studied,and then the spectrum transmission function of GPR in four layers is built.The spectrum of the echo wave is fitted through computing the echo spectrums for different thickness layers.According to the fitting error curve,the thickness of the target layer can be picked up.This method avoids the shortcomings of traditional deconvolution method.Through processing the simulation data and experiment data,the effectiveness of this method in improving the vertical resolution of GPR is proved.
引文
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[14]张蓓.路面结构层材料介电特性及其厚度反演分析的系统识别方法[D].重庆:重庆大学,2003:53-56. ZHANG B.System identification method for backcalculating the dielectric property and thickness of pavement structures[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University, 2003:53-56.
[15]胡进峰,周正欧.浅地层探地雷达目标探测和定位新方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2006,27(4):371-375. HU J F,ZHOU Z O.Target detection and orientation in sub-surface penetrating radar data[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2006,27(4):371-375.
[2]刘华林,杨万麟.基于QR分解的辨别分析用于雷达目标一维距离像识别[J].电子测量与仪器学报, 2007,21(5):31-34. LIU H L,YANG W L.Radar target recognition based on discriminant analysis via QR decomposition[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2007,21 (5):31-34.
[3]李嘉,郭成超,王复明,等.探地雷达应用概述[J].地球物理学进展.2007,22(2):629-637. LI J,GUO CH CH,WANG F M,et al.The summary of the surface ground penetrating radar applied in subsurface investigation[J].Progress in Geophysics.2007,22 (2):629-637.
[4]CHOPRA S,CASTAGNA J,PORTNIAGUINE O.Seismic resolution and thin-bed reflectivity inversion[J]. CSEG Recorder,2006:19-25.
[5]袁明德.浅析探地雷达的分辨率[J].物探与化探, 2003,27(1):28-32. YUAN M D.A tentative discussion on the resolution of the ground-penetrating radar[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2003,27(1):28-32.
[6]HEARN S,VOSS D.Model-based deconvolution for dominant, thin-bed seismic reflections[C].ASEG 16 th Geophysical Conference,Adelaide,Australia,2003:1-3.
[7]何艳,李大卫.一种适应任意相位子波的反褶积方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):265-269. HE Y,LI D W.An approach of deconvolution adaptive to wavelet with arbitrary phases[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(3):265-269.
[8]黄绪德.反褶积与地震道反演[M].1版.北京:石油工业出版社,1992:1-10. HUANG X D.Deconvolution and seismic trace inversion [M].First Edition.Beijing:Petroleum industry publications, 1992:1-10.
[9]PURYEAR C I,CASTAGNA J P.Layer-thickness determination and stratigraphic interpretation using spectral inversion: Theory and application[J].Geophysics,2008, 73(2):37-48.
[10]LIU J L,MARFURT KURT J.Instantaneous spectral attributes to detect channels[J].Geophysics,2007,72 (2):23-31.
[11]LIN Z W,ZHANG X J,FANG G Y.The second-order SPM solution for scattering from multi-layer dielectric media with slightly rough surface[C].PIERS Proceedings, Moscow,Russia,2009:1387-1390.
[12]WENG CH CH.Waves and fields in inhomogeneous media[M].New York:Wiley-IEEE Press,1990: 37-65.
[13]叶龙,李衍达,常迥.利用幅度谱或多信道信息求解半盲反褶积[J].电子学报,1992,(2):71-75. YE L,LI Y D,CHANG T.Semi-blind deconvolution using magnitude spectrum or multichannel information[J] Electronic Transaction,1992,(2):71-75.
[14]张蓓.路面结构层材料介电特性及其厚度反演分析的系统识别方法[D].重庆:重庆大学,2003:53-56. ZHANG B.System identification method for backcalculating the dielectric property and thickness of pavement structures[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University, 2003:53-56.
[15]胡进峰,周正欧.浅地层探地雷达目标探测和定位新方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2006,27(4):371-375. HU J F,ZHOU Z O.Target detection and orientation in sub-surface penetrating radar data[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2006,27(4):371-375.
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