采用半分离-整体式模型的填充墙干缩开裂过程模拟与分析
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摘要
考虑到计算效率,采用"半分离-整体式"计算模型对框架填充墙干缩开裂过程进行了数值模拟,结构模型采用了符合工程实际的二层单跨填充墙结构。对不同柱刚度、开洞率、连接刚度下结构的变形、应力、裂缝规律进行了影响因素的分析。模拟的裂缝形态和宽度与工程实践具有可比性。研究表明:计算时不能忽略自重和竖向荷载作用的影响;干缩一般会导致窗洞等产生非结构性的损坏;不同的柱刚度、洞口率和连接刚度下的裂缝发生位置、发展趋势和变形结果有差异,采用统一的构造措施并不能完全解决问题;对于没有采取任何构造措施的框架填充墙结构在等效温差-5℃下即发生局部的微裂缝,干缩下最终的裂缝宽度预计会超出使用要求范围。最后对干缩作用下的墙体裂缝宽度进行了评价,并补充了若干措施建议。
For computational efficiency, numerical simulation analysis of cracks’ development by dry shrinkage effect has been carried out on a practical meeting two-storey and single span wall-infilled frame structure. FEM models are used as semi-discrete type and whole type. Different column rigidity, opening sizes, and connection rigidity are discribed with deformation, stress, crack development results. The crack morphology and width can be comparable with practice.Gravity and vertical loads should be considered in model. Shrinkage causes large deformation near openings. Different column rigidity, opening sizes and connection rigidity cause different crack development and deformation. The uniform construction detailing is not enough for all. Primary crack of non-constructional detailing wall-infilled frame may happen at -5 ℃ equivalent temperature, and the ultimate crack width can exceed usage permission. At last wall crack width by dry shrinkage is assessed, and some proposals are given.
For computational efficiency, numerical simulation analysis of cracks’ development by dry shrinkage effect has been carried out on a practical meeting two-storey and single span wall-infilled frame structure. FEM models are used as semi-discrete type and whole type. Different column rigidity, opening sizes, and connection rigidity are discribed with deformation, stress, crack development results. The crack morphology and width can be comparable with practice.Gravity and vertical loads should be considered in model. Shrinkage causes large deformation near openings. Different column rigidity, opening sizes and connection rigidity cause different crack development and deformation. The uniform construction detailing is not enough for all. Primary crack of non-constructional detailing wall-infilled frame may happen at -5 ℃ equivalent temperature, and the ultimate crack width can exceed usage permission. At last wall crack width by dry shrinkage is assessed, and some proposals are given.
引文
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[17]班明霞.框架轻质填充墙温度和干缩裂缝产生机理的研究[D].成都:西华大学,2007.
[18]日本混凝土工程协会.混凝土裂缝调查及修补规程[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
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[20]VERHOEF L G W,VAN ZIJL G P A G.Re-strengthing of brickwork to reduce crack width[J].Advanced in Engineering Software,2002,33(1):49-57.
[2]孙小鸾,孙伟民,张大长,等.混凝土小型空心砌块框架结构填充墙裂缝机理分析及控制措施[J].南京工业大学学报,2006,28(6):52-56.SUN XIAO-LUAN,SUN WEI-MIN,ZHANG DA-CHANG,et al.Analysis of cracking in small-concrete block infill panel of frame and preventative measures against it[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Technology,2006,28(6):52-56.
[3]周谨,陈鸣,金伟良等.混凝土小型空心砌块墙体干缩性能的试验研究[J].工业建筑,2004,34(8):41-43.ZHOUJIN,CHEN MING,JIN WEI-LIANG,et al.Experi mental study on dry shrinkage of small concrete hollow block wall[J].Industrial Construction,2004,34(8):41-43.
[4]VAN ZIJL G P A G,de VRIES P A,VERMELTFOORT A T.Masonry wall damage by restraint to shinkage[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering,2004,130(7):1075-1086.
[5]SHARIQ M,ABBAS H,IRTAZA H,et al.Infulence of openings on seismic performance of masonry building walls[J].Building and Environment,2008,43(7):1232-1240.
[6]傅军,金伟良,岳增国,等.框架填充墙开裂的数值模拟分析[J].墙材革新与建筑节能,2008(6):29-32.FUJUN,JIN WEI-LIANG,YUE ZENG-GUO,et al.Numerical si mulation of Crack Development in Wall-infilled Frame[J].Wall Materials Innovation&Energy Saving in Buildings,2008(6):29-32.
[7]李英民,韩军,刘立平.ANSYS在砌体结构非线性有限元分析中的应用研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2006,28(5):90-105.LI YING-MIN,HAN JUN,LI U LI-PING.Application of ANSYS to finite element analysis for nonlinear masonry structures[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2006,28(5):90-105.
[8]GIAMBANCO G,RIZZ O S,SPALLINO R.Numerical analysis of masonry structures via interface models[J].Compute Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering,2001,190,(49/50):6493-6511.
[9]王铁梦.工程结构裂缝控制[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[10]MA G W,HAO H,LU Y.Homogenization of masonry using numerical si mulations[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2001,127(5):421-431.
[11]WU C,HAO H.Numerical derivation of averaged material properties of hollowconcrete blockmasonry[J].Engineering Structures,200830(3):870-883.
[12]中国建筑科学研究院.GB50010-2002.混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[13]曾鹏,刘清,叶建荣.利用模拟钢筋混凝土中的收敛问题的对策[J].四川建筑,2008,20(3):113-117.ZENG PENG,LI U QING,YE JIANRONG.Solving convergence problems of Reinforced Concrete Si mulation Using ANSYS.Sichuan Construction,2008(6):113-117.
[14]吴胜兴.混凝土裂缝宽度计算的有限单元法[J].计算力学学报,1997,14(1):69-77.WUSHENG-XING.Finite element method of the crack width prediction for RC beams[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechianics,1997,14(1):69-77.
[15]ZUCCHINI A,LOURENCO P B.A coupled homogenization-damage model for masonry cracking[J].Compuers and Structures,2004,82(11/12):917-929.
[16]彭人玮.某国外工程实心混凝土小型砌块填充外墙裂缝原因的研究与分析[J].工业建筑,1998,28(4):44-48.PENG RENWEI.A study on the causes of Concrete small solid blockin-filled walls’cracks-case study of aforeign construction project[J].Industrial Construction,1998,28(4):44-48.
[17]班明霞.框架轻质填充墙温度和干缩裂缝产生机理的研究[D].成都:西华大学,2007.
[18]日本混凝土工程协会.混凝土裂缝调查及修补规程[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
[19]梁建国,方亮,彭茂丰.美国砌体结构房屋墙体裂缝的控制[J].建筑砌块与砌块建筑,2007(6):2-6.LIANG JIAN-GUO,FANG LIANG,PENG MAO-FENG.Crack control of masonry building wall in USA[J].Building Block and Block Building,2007(6):2-6.
[20]VERHOEF L G W,VAN ZIJL G P A G.Re-strengthing of brickwork to reduce crack width[J].Advanced in Engineering Software,2002,33(1):49-57.
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