土钉抗拔承载力经验验算方法
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摘要
通过对北京、广州等地区11个工程实测的土钉最大轴力值和土钉最大轴力值位置的分析,提出了土钉抗拔承载力的经验验算方法,并采用梯形土压力分布模式和双折线潜在滑裂面分别计算土钉墙、预应力锚索加土钉复合支护及搅拌桩(微型桩)加土钉复合支护的土钉抗拔承载力。结合工程算例,将该方法与中国《建筑基坑支护技术规程》(JGJ 120—99)和《基坑土钉支护技术规程》(CECS 96:97)方法进行了比较。结果表明:采用该方法进行土钉抗拔承载力验算可以满足工程设计要求,为进一步开展复合土钉墙设计方法的研究提供了依据。
Based on the analysis on the measured value and location of the maximum axial force of soil nailing according to the 11 engineering tests located in Beijing,Guangzhou and other areas,an empirical checking method for soil nailing anti-pulling capacity was proposed,which included the soil pressure of trapezoidal distribution and the potential slip surface of bilinear lines.The present method was calculated for soil nailing,the prestressed anchor plus soil nailing composite retaining and the mixing pile(micro-pile) plus soil nailing composite retaining.Combining with the engineering examples,the proposed method was compared with the methods of Chinese Technical Specification for Retaining and Protection of Building Foundation Excavations(JGJ 120—99) and Technical Specification for Soil Nailing in Foundation Excavations(CECS 96:97).Results show that this method can meet the design requirement of soil nailing anti-pulling capacity,and can offer references for further research on the design methods of composite soil nailing walls.
Based on the analysis on the measured value and location of the maximum axial force of soil nailing according to the 11 engineering tests located in Beijing,Guangzhou and other areas,an empirical checking method for soil nailing anti-pulling capacity was proposed,which included the soil pressure of trapezoidal distribution and the potential slip surface of bilinear lines.The present method was calculated for soil nailing,the prestressed anchor plus soil nailing composite retaining and the mixing pile(micro-pile) plus soil nailing composite retaining.Combining with the engineering examples,the proposed method was compared with the methods of Chinese Technical Specification for Retaining and Protection of Building Foundation Excavations(JGJ 120—99) and Technical Specification for Soil Nailing in Foundation Excavations(CECS 96:97).Results show that this method can meet the design requirement of soil nailing anti-pulling capacity,and can offer references for further research on the design methods of composite soil nailing walls.
引文
[1]SCHLOSSER F,UNTERREINER P,PLUMELLEC.French Research Program Clouterre on Soil Nail-ing[C]//ASCE.Geotechnical Special PublicationNo.30.New York:ASCE,1992:739-750.
[2]STOCKER M F,RIEDINGER G.The Bearing Be-havior of Nailed Retaining Structures[C]//ASCE.Geotechnical Special Publication No.25.New York:ASCE,1990:612-628.
[3]王步云.土钉墙设计[J].岩土工程技术,1997(4):30-41.WANG Bu-yun.Design for Soil Nailing[J].Geotech-nical Engineering Technique,1997(4):30-41.
[4]ZHOU Wan-huan,YIN Jian-hua.A Simple Math-ematical Model for Soil Nail and Soil InteractionAnalysis[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2008,35(3):479-488.
[5]李象范,徐水根.复合型土钉挡墙的研究[J].上海地质,1999(3):1-11.LI Xiang-fan,XU Shui-gen.Study of the CompoundSoil Nailed Retaining Wall[J].Shanghai Geology,1999(3):1-11.
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[7]杨志银,张俊,王凯旭.复合土钉墙技术的研究及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(2):153-156.YANG Zhi-yin,ZHANG Jun,WANG Kai-xu.Devel-opment of Composite Soil Nailing Walls[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(2):153-156.
[8]JGJ 120—99,建筑基坑支护技术规程[S].JGJ 120—99,Technical Specification for Retainingand Protection of Building Foundation Excavations[S].
[9]CECS 96:97,基坑土钉支护技术规程[S].CECS 96:97,Technical Specification for Soil Nailingin Foundation Excavations[S].
[10]JEWELL R A.Review of Theoretical Models for SoilNailing[C]//MCGOWN A,YEO K,ANDRAWES.Proceedings of the International Reinforced Soil Con-ference.London:Thomas Telford,1991:265-275.
[11]尹骥,魏建华,李象范.计算复合土钉支护变形的增量方法[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(5):755-759.YIN Ji,WEI Jian-hua,LI Xiang-fan.IncrementMethod to Calculate Displacement of Composite SoilNailled Wall[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical En-gineering,2007,29(5):755-759.
[12]魏焕卫,杨敏,孙剑平,等.土钉墙变形的实用计算方法[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(1):81-90.WEI Huan-wei,YANG Min,SUN Jian-ping,et al.Calculation Method for Soil Nailing Displacement[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(1):81-90.
[13]JURAN I,ELIAS V.Soil Nailed Retaining Struc-tures:Analysis of Case Histories[C]//ASCE.Geotechnical Special Publication No.12.New York:ASCE,1987:232-244.
[14]刘晓红,饶秋华.土钉支护侧土压力合理分布模式探讨[J].中南公路工程,2006,31(2):29-32.LIU Xiao-hong,RAO Qiu-hua.More ReasonableModel for the Lateral Soil Pressure Distribution ofSoil Nail Bracing[J].Central South Highway En-gineering,2006,31(2):29-32.
[15]张明聚,宋二祥,陈肇元.土钉挡土技术(续)[J].中南公路工程,1998,23(2):37-43.ZHANG Ming-ju,SONG Er-xiang,CHEN Zhao-yuan.Retaining Technology of Soil Nailing[J].Cen-tral South Highway Engineering,1998,23(2):37-43.
[16]董建华,朱彦鹏.地震作用下土钉支护边坡稳定性分析[J].中国公路学报,2008,21(6):20-25.DONG Jian-hua,ZHU Yan-peng.Stability Analysisof Slope Supported by Soil Nailing Retaining WallUnder Earthquake[J].China Journal of Highway andTransport,2008,21(6):20-25.
[17]冯光乐,凌天清,许志鸿.公路边坡支护方案优化设计[J].交通运输工程学报,2002,2(1):43-47.FENG Guang-le,LING Tian-qing,XU Zhi-hong.Op-timizing Design Method of Highway Slope[J].Jour-nal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2002,2(1):43-47.
[18]杨治国,侯恩科,李琰庆.FLAC-3D与理正软件在基坑支护设计中的应用[J].西安科技大学学报,2007,27(2):224-227.YANG Zhi-guo,HOU En-ke,LI Yan-qing.Applica-tion of FLAC-3D and Lizheng Software to Deisgn ofFoundation Protection[J].Journal of Xi an Universityof Science and Technology,2007,27(2):224-227.
[19]任建喜,高立新,刘杰,等.深基坑变形规律现场监测[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(3):445-449.REN Jian-xi,GAO Li-xin,LIU Jie,et al.In-siteMonitoring on Deformation Laws of Deep Founda-tion Pit[J].Journal of Xi an University of Scienceand Technology,2008,28(3):445-449.
[20]童华炜,周龙翔,钟声.基坑土钉支护的突变分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,39(4):485-491.TONG Hua-wei,ZHOU Long-xiang,ZHONGSheng.Catastrophe Analysis of Soil Nailing Supportin Foundation Pit[J].Journal of Xi an University ofArchitecture&Technology:Natural Science Edi-tion,2007,39(4):485-491.
[21]杨志银,冯申铎.新型土钉墙技术的研究与应用[R].北京:冶金部建筑研究总院,1999.YANG Zhi-yin,FENG Shen-duo.Research and Ap-plication of a New Soil Nail Wall Technology[R].Beijing:Building Science Research and Design Acad-emy of Ministry of Metallurgical Industry,1999.
[22]耿玲.“林达嘉园”深基坑土钉支护数值模拟与现场监测研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2007.GENG Ling.Study on Numerical Simulation of SoilNailing Support in Deep Foundation Ditch and FieldMonitoring of“Linda Jiayuan”[D].Beijing:Univer-sity of Science and Technology Beijing,2007.
[23]徐教宇.土钉支护工作性状的研究[D].北京:中国建筑科学研究院,2003.XU Jiao-yu.Study on the Behaviors of Soil Nailing[D].Beijing:China Academy of Building Research,2003.
[24]张明聚,郭忠贤.土钉支护工作性能的现场测试研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(3):319-323.ZHANG Ming-ju,GUO Zhong-xian.Research on Be-haviors of Soil Nailing by Field Test[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(3):319-323.
[25]刘晓纲.深基坑复合土钉支护结构试验研究与应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.LIU Xiao-gang.Test Study and Application of Com-posite Soil Nail of Deep Foundation Pit[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2005.
[26]张钦喜,秦汉坤,佟德凯,等.朝外SOHO土钉拉力现场监测研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2007,33(5):507-511.ZHANG Qin-xi,QIN Han-kun,TONG De-kai,et al.Measurements and Analysis of Stress in Soil Nails ofChaowai SOHO Project[J].Journal of Beijing Uni-versity of Technology,2007,33(5):507-511.
[27]李厚恩,秦四清.预应力锚索复合土钉支护的现场测试研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(3):393-400.LI Hou-en,QIN Si-qing.Variations of In-situ Forcesin Soil Nails and Prestressed Ground Anchors asCombined Structure for Excavation of a Subway Sta-tion Foundation Pit in Beijing[J].Journal of En-gineering Geology,2008,16(3):393-400.
[28]段建立,谭跃虎,樊有维,等.复合土钉支护的现场测试研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(12):2128-2132.DUAN Jian-li,TAN Yue-hu,FAN You-wei,et al.Field Testing Study on Composite Soil Nailing[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(12):2128-2132.
[29]冯涛.搅拌桩与微预应力土钉复合支护体系的稳定与变形分析[D].广州:广州大学,2007.FENG Tao.Stability and Deformation Analysis ofMixing Pile and Prestressed Soil Nail CompositeSupporting System[D].Guangzhou:Guangzhou Uni-versity,2007.
[30]司马军,刘祖德,徐书平.加筋水泥土墙复合土钉支护的现场测试研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):371-375.SIMA Jun,LIU Zu-de,XU Shu-ping.Field TestingStudy on Composite Soil Nail with Reinforced Ce-ment Retaining Wall[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(2):371-375.
[31]葛燕锋,王志伟.微型钢管桩复合土钉支护工作性能现场测试研究[J].建筑科学,2008,24(1):57-60.GE Yan-feng,WANG Zhi-wei.Field Test and Analy-sis of Performance of Composite Soil Nail Retainingwith Miniature Steel Tube Stake[J].Building Sci-ence,2008,24(1):57-60.
[32]陈晓文,杨光华,张君禄,等.广州凯华城基坑采用土钉墙支护设计实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(17):3021-3029.CHEN Xiao-wen,YANG Guang-hua,ZHANG Jun-lu,et al.Support Design Practice Using Soil NailingWall in Guangzhou Kaihuacheng Deep FoundationPit[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and En-gineering,2004,23(17):3021-3029.
[33]程利州.复合型土钉挡墙的稳定性及变形分析[D].上海:同济大学,1999.CHENG Li-zhou.Analysis on the Stability and De-formation of Compound Soil-nail Wall[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,1999.
[2]STOCKER M F,RIEDINGER G.The Bearing Be-havior of Nailed Retaining Structures[C]//ASCE.Geotechnical Special Publication No.25.New York:ASCE,1990:612-628.
[3]王步云.土钉墙设计[J].岩土工程技术,1997(4):30-41.WANG Bu-yun.Design for Soil Nailing[J].Geotech-nical Engineering Technique,1997(4):30-41.
[4]ZHOU Wan-huan,YIN Jian-hua.A Simple Math-ematical Model for Soil Nail and Soil InteractionAnalysis[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2008,35(3):479-488.
[5]李象范,徐水根.复合型土钉挡墙的研究[J].上海地质,1999(3):1-11.LI Xiang-fan,XU Shui-gen.Study of the CompoundSoil Nailed Retaining Wall[J].Shanghai Geology,1999(3):1-11.
[6]汪剑辉,闫顺,曾宪明,等.复合土钉支护在我国的研究与应用[J].施工技术,2006,35(1):15-19.WANG Jian-hui,YAN Shun,ZENG Xian-ming,et al.Study and Application of Compound Soil NailSupport in China[J].Construction Technology,2006,35(1):15-19.
[7]杨志银,张俊,王凯旭.复合土钉墙技术的研究及应用[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(2):153-156.YANG Zhi-yin,ZHANG Jun,WANG Kai-xu.Devel-opment of Composite Soil Nailing Walls[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(2):153-156.
[8]JGJ 120—99,建筑基坑支护技术规程[S].JGJ 120—99,Technical Specification for Retainingand Protection of Building Foundation Excavations[S].
[9]CECS 96:97,基坑土钉支护技术规程[S].CECS 96:97,Technical Specification for Soil Nailingin Foundation Excavations[S].
[10]JEWELL R A.Review of Theoretical Models for SoilNailing[C]//MCGOWN A,YEO K,ANDRAWES.Proceedings of the International Reinforced Soil Con-ference.London:Thomas Telford,1991:265-275.
[11]尹骥,魏建华,李象范.计算复合土钉支护变形的增量方法[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(5):755-759.YIN Ji,WEI Jian-hua,LI Xiang-fan.IncrementMethod to Calculate Displacement of Composite SoilNailled Wall[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical En-gineering,2007,29(5):755-759.
[12]魏焕卫,杨敏,孙剑平,等.土钉墙变形的实用计算方法[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(1):81-90.WEI Huan-wei,YANG Min,SUN Jian-ping,et al.Calculation Method for Soil Nailing Displacement[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(1):81-90.
[13]JURAN I,ELIAS V.Soil Nailed Retaining Struc-tures:Analysis of Case Histories[C]//ASCE.Geotechnical Special Publication No.12.New York:ASCE,1987:232-244.
[14]刘晓红,饶秋华.土钉支护侧土压力合理分布模式探讨[J].中南公路工程,2006,31(2):29-32.LIU Xiao-hong,RAO Qiu-hua.More ReasonableModel for the Lateral Soil Pressure Distribution ofSoil Nail Bracing[J].Central South Highway En-gineering,2006,31(2):29-32.
[15]张明聚,宋二祥,陈肇元.土钉挡土技术(续)[J].中南公路工程,1998,23(2):37-43.ZHANG Ming-ju,SONG Er-xiang,CHEN Zhao-yuan.Retaining Technology of Soil Nailing[J].Cen-tral South Highway Engineering,1998,23(2):37-43.
[16]董建华,朱彦鹏.地震作用下土钉支护边坡稳定性分析[J].中国公路学报,2008,21(6):20-25.DONG Jian-hua,ZHU Yan-peng.Stability Analysisof Slope Supported by Soil Nailing Retaining WallUnder Earthquake[J].China Journal of Highway andTransport,2008,21(6):20-25.
[17]冯光乐,凌天清,许志鸿.公路边坡支护方案优化设计[J].交通运输工程学报,2002,2(1):43-47.FENG Guang-le,LING Tian-qing,XU Zhi-hong.Op-timizing Design Method of Highway Slope[J].Jour-nal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2002,2(1):43-47.
[18]杨治国,侯恩科,李琰庆.FLAC-3D与理正软件在基坑支护设计中的应用[J].西安科技大学学报,2007,27(2):224-227.YANG Zhi-guo,HOU En-ke,LI Yan-qing.Applica-tion of FLAC-3D and Lizheng Software to Deisgn ofFoundation Protection[J].Journal of Xi an Universityof Science and Technology,2007,27(2):224-227.
[19]任建喜,高立新,刘杰,等.深基坑变形规律现场监测[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(3):445-449.REN Jian-xi,GAO Li-xin,LIU Jie,et al.In-siteMonitoring on Deformation Laws of Deep Founda-tion Pit[J].Journal of Xi an University of Scienceand Technology,2008,28(3):445-449.
[20]童华炜,周龙翔,钟声.基坑土钉支护的突变分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,39(4):485-491.TONG Hua-wei,ZHOU Long-xiang,ZHONGSheng.Catastrophe Analysis of Soil Nailing Supportin Foundation Pit[J].Journal of Xi an University ofArchitecture&Technology:Natural Science Edi-tion,2007,39(4):485-491.
[21]杨志银,冯申铎.新型土钉墙技术的研究与应用[R].北京:冶金部建筑研究总院,1999.YANG Zhi-yin,FENG Shen-duo.Research and Ap-plication of a New Soil Nail Wall Technology[R].Beijing:Building Science Research and Design Acad-emy of Ministry of Metallurgical Industry,1999.
[22]耿玲.“林达嘉园”深基坑土钉支护数值模拟与现场监测研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2007.GENG Ling.Study on Numerical Simulation of SoilNailing Support in Deep Foundation Ditch and FieldMonitoring of“Linda Jiayuan”[D].Beijing:Univer-sity of Science and Technology Beijing,2007.
[23]徐教宇.土钉支护工作性状的研究[D].北京:中国建筑科学研究院,2003.XU Jiao-yu.Study on the Behaviors of Soil Nailing[D].Beijing:China Academy of Building Research,2003.
[24]张明聚,郭忠贤.土钉支护工作性能的现场测试研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(3):319-323.ZHANG Ming-ju,GUO Zhong-xian.Research on Be-haviors of Soil Nailing by Field Test[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(3):319-323.
[25]刘晓纲.深基坑复合土钉支护结构试验研究与应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.LIU Xiao-gang.Test Study and Application of Com-posite Soil Nail of Deep Foundation Pit[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2005.
[26]张钦喜,秦汉坤,佟德凯,等.朝外SOHO土钉拉力现场监测研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2007,33(5):507-511.ZHANG Qin-xi,QIN Han-kun,TONG De-kai,et al.Measurements and Analysis of Stress in Soil Nails ofChaowai SOHO Project[J].Journal of Beijing Uni-versity of Technology,2007,33(5):507-511.
[27]李厚恩,秦四清.预应力锚索复合土钉支护的现场测试研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(3):393-400.LI Hou-en,QIN Si-qing.Variations of In-situ Forcesin Soil Nails and Prestressed Ground Anchors asCombined Structure for Excavation of a Subway Sta-tion Foundation Pit in Beijing[J].Journal of En-gineering Geology,2008,16(3):393-400.
[28]段建立,谭跃虎,樊有维,等.复合土钉支护的现场测试研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(12):2128-2132.DUAN Jian-li,TAN Yue-hu,FAN You-wei,et al.Field Testing Study on Composite Soil Nailing[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(12):2128-2132.
[29]冯涛.搅拌桩与微预应力土钉复合支护体系的稳定与变形分析[D].广州:广州大学,2007.FENG Tao.Stability and Deformation Analysis ofMixing Pile and Prestressed Soil Nail CompositeSupporting System[D].Guangzhou:Guangzhou Uni-versity,2007.
[30]司马军,刘祖德,徐书平.加筋水泥土墙复合土钉支护的现场测试研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):371-375.SIMA Jun,LIU Zu-de,XU Shu-ping.Field TestingStudy on Composite Soil Nail with Reinforced Ce-ment Retaining Wall[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(2):371-375.
[31]葛燕锋,王志伟.微型钢管桩复合土钉支护工作性能现场测试研究[J].建筑科学,2008,24(1):57-60.GE Yan-feng,WANG Zhi-wei.Field Test and Analy-sis of Performance of Composite Soil Nail Retainingwith Miniature Steel Tube Stake[J].Building Sci-ence,2008,24(1):57-60.
[32]陈晓文,杨光华,张君禄,等.广州凯华城基坑采用土钉墙支护设计实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(17):3021-3029.CHEN Xiao-wen,YANG Guang-hua,ZHANG Jun-lu,et al.Support Design Practice Using Soil NailingWall in Guangzhou Kaihuacheng Deep FoundationPit[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and En-gineering,2004,23(17):3021-3029.
[33]程利州.复合型土钉挡墙的稳定性及变形分析[D].上海:同济大学,1999.CHENG Li-zhou.Analysis on the Stability and De-formation of Compound Soil-nail Wall[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,1999.
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