砖石古塔纠偏过程的数值分析
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摘要
【目的】研究湿陷性黄土地区砖石古塔"成孔-软化"纠偏技术的关键技术指标,实现纠偏过程的可控性。【方法】结合湿陷性黄土地基变形的特性,通过降低注水后地基土变形模量及强度指标以模拟黄土的软化,通过地基中软化土体积的增加来模拟注水量的增加,对陕西眉县净光寺塔纠偏的全过程进行数值模拟分析。【结果】纠偏过程中塔体一层底面附近的应力较大,应对该部位进行重点监测,必要时进行加固补强;当注水量达到12.31m3时,塔体开始大幅回倾且回倾速率较快,塔体应力亦显著增大。【结论】获得了"成孔-软化"纠偏技术的关键技术指标。
【Objective】The research was to study the key point of the technology of hole-drilled and soften,which is a deviated rectification technology for masonry pagodas in collapsible loess areas,so that the control of the process of deviated rectification can be achieved.【Method】In light of deformation characters of collapsible loess,the soften loess after water injected was simulated by reduction deformation model and index of strength.The increase of water injection was modified by that of volumes of soften soil,the whole process of deviated rectification of Jingguang Pagoda was numerical simulated.【Result】The stresses in the bottom of the first floor of the tower are higher and that should be monitored or strengthened if necessary.After the volume of water injected reached 12.31m3,a large range deviation is rectified fast and the stress of the tower is increased remarkably.【Conclusion】The key index of the technology of hole-drilled and soften is given.
【Objective】The research was to study the key point of the technology of hole-drilled and soften,which is a deviated rectification technology for masonry pagodas in collapsible loess areas,so that the control of the process of deviated rectification can be achieved.【Method】In light of deformation characters of collapsible loess,the soften loess after water injected was simulated by reduction deformation model and index of strength.The increase of water injection was modified by that of volumes of soften soil,the whole process of deviated rectification of Jingguang Pagoda was numerical simulated.【Result】The stresses in the bottom of the first floor of the tower are higher and that should be monitored or strengthened if necessary.After the volume of water injected reached 12.31m3,a large range deviation is rectified fast and the stress of the tower is increased remarkably.【Conclusion】The key index of the technology of hole-drilled and soften is given.
引文
[1]卢俊龙.砖石古塔土-结构相互作用理论与应用研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2008.Lu J L.Research on theory and application of co-interaction of soil and structure of masonry pagodas[D].Xi’an:Xi’an Uni-versity of Architecture&Technology,2008.(in Chinese)
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[3]凌均安.组合纠偏法扶正兰州白塔[J].施工技术,1999,28(2):9-11.Ling J A.Setting Lanzhou White Pagoda upright with com-bined deviation rectifying method[J].Construction Technolo-gy,1999,28(2):9-11.(in Chinese)
[4]穆保岗,曹双寅,戴轶苏.倾斜砖石古塔纠偏的设计与实践[J].工业建筑,2005,35(7):90-92.Mu B G,Cao S Y,Dai Y S.Design of foundation stabilization and settlement correction of deviated ancient brick-and-stone tower structure[J].Industrial Construction,2005,35(7):90-92.(in Chinese)
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[7]陈平,赵冬,王伟,等.眉县净光寺塔纠偏工程[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,35(1):44-47.Chen P,Zhao D,Wang W,et al.A study on the rectification of Jingguang Temple pagoda in Meixian County[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology:Natural Science Edition,2003,35(1):44-47.(in Chinese)
[8]卢俊龙,张荫,姚谦峰.砖石古塔纠偏工程的有限元分析[J].工业建筑,2007,37(12):122-124.Lu J L,Zhang Y,Yao Q F.Analysis of construction of rectifica-tion of masonry pagoda by finite element method[J].Industrial Construction,2007,37(12):122-124.(in Chinese)
[9]Zhou Z,Ogot M,Schwarz L.A finite element analysis of the effects of an increasing angle on the tower of Pisa[J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,2001,37(11):901-911.
[10]Costanzo D.Mechanical behavior of Pisa clay[D].Turin:Technical University of Turin,1994.
[11]Lancellotta R.The leaning tower of Pisa:Geotechnical theory and model tests discussion[J].Soils and Foundations,1999,33(3):155-156.
[12]Fredlund D G,Xing A,Fredlund M D,et al.The relationship of the unsaturated soil shear strength to the soil-water char-acteristic curve[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1996,33(3):440-448.
[13]Assallay A M,Rogers C D F,Smallay I J.Formation and col-lapse of metastable particle packing and open structures in lo-ess deposits[J].Engineering Geology,1997(48):101-115.
[14]赵均海.强度理论及其工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:108-113.Zhao J H.Strength theory and its application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:108-113.(in Chinese)
[15]钱家欢,殷宗泽.土工原理与计算[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996:269-276.Qian J H,Yin Z Z.Soil mechanics and computing[M].Bei-jing:Water Press,1996:269-276.(in Chinese)
[16]钱鸿缙.湿陷性黄土地基[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1985:63-69.Qian H J.Collapsible loess subsoil[M].Beijing:China Archi-tecture and Building Press,1985:63-69.(in Chinese)
[2]陈东佐,康玉庆.浅谈山西太原双塔的复位纠偏与保护[J].山西地震,2000(3):32-34.Chen D Z,Kang Y Q.Humble opinion of replacement and recti-fication for Twin-pagoda in Taiyuan and its protection and ma-intenance[J].Earthquake Research in Shanxi,2000(3):32-34.(in Chinese)
[3]凌均安.组合纠偏法扶正兰州白塔[J].施工技术,1999,28(2):9-11.Ling J A.Setting Lanzhou White Pagoda upright with com-bined deviation rectifying method[J].Construction Technolo-gy,1999,28(2):9-11.(in Chinese)
[4]穆保岗,曹双寅,戴轶苏.倾斜砖石古塔纠偏的设计与实践[J].工业建筑,2005,35(7):90-92.Mu B G,Cao S Y,Dai Y S.Design of foundation stabilization and settlement correction of deviated ancient brick-and-stone tower structure[J].Industrial Construction,2005,35(7):90-92.(in Chinese)
[5]卢俊龙.湿陷性黄土地区砖石古塔纠偏技术研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2005.Lu J L,Research on deviation rectification technology of ma-sonry pagodas in collapsible loess regions[D].Xi’an:Xi’an Universiy of Architecture&Technology,2005.(in Chinese)
[6]陈平,赵冬,王伟,等.眉县净光寺塔纠偏施工技术[J].施工技术,2003,32(6):24-25.Chen P,Zhao D,Wang W,et al.Deviation rectification con-struction technology for the Jingguang temple tower of Meixian County[J].Construction Technology,2003,32(6):24-25.(in Chinese)
[7]陈平,赵冬,王伟,等.眉县净光寺塔纠偏工程[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,35(1):44-47.Chen P,Zhao D,Wang W,et al.A study on the rectification of Jingguang Temple pagoda in Meixian County[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology:Natural Science Edition,2003,35(1):44-47.(in Chinese)
[8]卢俊龙,张荫,姚谦峰.砖石古塔纠偏工程的有限元分析[J].工业建筑,2007,37(12):122-124.Lu J L,Zhang Y,Yao Q F.Analysis of construction of rectifica-tion of masonry pagoda by finite element method[J].Industrial Construction,2007,37(12):122-124.(in Chinese)
[9]Zhou Z,Ogot M,Schwarz L.A finite element analysis of the effects of an increasing angle on the tower of Pisa[J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,2001,37(11):901-911.
[10]Costanzo D.Mechanical behavior of Pisa clay[D].Turin:Technical University of Turin,1994.
[11]Lancellotta R.The leaning tower of Pisa:Geotechnical theory and model tests discussion[J].Soils and Foundations,1999,33(3):155-156.
[12]Fredlund D G,Xing A,Fredlund M D,et al.The relationship of the unsaturated soil shear strength to the soil-water char-acteristic curve[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1996,33(3):440-448.
[13]Assallay A M,Rogers C D F,Smallay I J.Formation and col-lapse of metastable particle packing and open structures in lo-ess deposits[J].Engineering Geology,1997(48):101-115.
[14]赵均海.强度理论及其工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:108-113.Zhao J H.Strength theory and its application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:108-113.(in Chinese)
[15]钱家欢,殷宗泽.土工原理与计算[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996:269-276.Qian J H,Yin Z Z.Soil mechanics and computing[M].Bei-jing:Water Press,1996:269-276.(in Chinese)
[16]钱鸿缙.湿陷性黄土地基[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1985:63-69.Qian H J.Collapsible loess subsoil[M].Beijing:China Archi-tecture and Building Press,1985:63-69.(in Chinese)
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