易漏失地层承压能力分析
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摘要
随着各种复杂地质条件下勘探井作业数量的增多和井深的不断加大,因漏失引起的复杂情况不断增多。为了顺利钻达设计深度,施工中常常需要采用人工承压手段检验和提高上部地层承压能力,以便能用较高密度的钻井液钻至较深的地层。实际的承压作业中,往往会遇到反复承堵但无法提高承压能力的情况,即现场常说的地层抗破裂强度不够。结合现场实践经验,对室内实验结果进行的综合分析表明,地层的承压能力与裂缝的变化情况直接相关,并受裂缝分布形式和分布范围的影响,当裂缝波及范围较小时,处理时应尽可能形成较厚的封堵层;当裂缝波及范围较大时,则应首先在漏失通道中形成阻流带,再尝试采用其他手段逐渐提高承压能力。同时分析了室内模拟实验结果与现场应用结果的差异,探讨了造成差异的原因。
The down-hole troubles caused by circulation loss are more and more while the operation amount and well depth of exploration increase under the complicated geological conditions.The sealing under pressure technology was used to check the pressure-bearing capacity of upper formation and to meet the depth as far as possible using the high-density drilling fluids.In the practice of drilling,the sealing ability under pressure is not often improved after field operation,because the formation resistance to rupture is not enough high.The field experience and laboratory test show that the sealing ability under pressure is directly related with the aperture and distribution of fractures.If the spread range of fracture is small,a thicker sealing wall should be made.If the spread range of fracture is big,the chock zone should be firstly formed in the loss circulation zone,and then other means should be taken to improve the sealing ability under pressure.The difference of the technology applied in laboratory simulation test and field practice was analyzed.The reasons resulting in the difference were discussed.
The down-hole troubles caused by circulation loss are more and more while the operation amount and well depth of exploration increase under the complicated geological conditions.The sealing under pressure technology was used to check the pressure-bearing capacity of upper formation and to meet the depth as far as possible using the high-density drilling fluids.In the practice of drilling,the sealing ability under pressure is not often improved after field operation,because the formation resistance to rupture is not enough high.The field experience and laboratory test show that the sealing ability under pressure is directly related with the aperture and distribution of fractures.If the spread range of fracture is small,a thicker sealing wall should be made.If the spread range of fracture is big,the chock zone should be firstly formed in the loss circulation zone,and then other means should be taken to improve the sealing ability under pressure.The difference of the technology applied in laboratory simulation test and field practice was analyzed.The reasons resulting in the difference were discussed.
引文
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[2]郑有成,李向碧,邓传光,等.川东北地区恶性井漏处理技术探索[J].天然气工业,2003,23(6):84-85.Zheng Youcheng,Li Xiangbi,Deng Chuanguang,et al.Tech-niques of treating seriouslylost circulationsin Northeast Sichuan[J].Natural Gas Industy,2003,23(6),84-85.
[3]张俊,夏宏南,冯专,等.川东鄂西地区提高地层承压能力技术研究[J].断块油气田,2007,14(6):58-59.Zhang Jun,Xia Hongnan,Feng Zhuan,et al.Study on increasingthe ability of stratum pressurization in the area of east Sichuanand west Hubei[J].Fault-block Oil&Gas Field,2007,14(6):58-59.
[4]金衍,陈勉,张旭东.天然裂缝地层斜井水力裂缝起裂压力模型研究[J].石油学报,2006,27(5):124-126.Jin Yan,Chen Mian,Zhang Xudong.Hydraulic fracturing initia-tion pressure models for directional wells in naturally fracturedformation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(5):124-126.
[5]周健,陈勉,金衍,等.裂缝性储层水力裂缝扩展机理试验研究[J].石油学报,2007,28(5):109-113.Zhou Jian,Chen Mian,Jin Yan,et al.Experi mental study onpropagation mechanism of hydraulic fracture in naturally frac-tured reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(5):109-113.
[6]Hutton F,Payne P,Jeffreys K,et al.Fusible-particle systemhelps to control severe lost circulation while drilling across afractured zone in Elk Hills Field,CA[R].SPE121111,2009.
[7]龙开雄,杨国兴.MTC桥浆堵漏技术在川东地区的应用[J].钻采工艺,2008,31(5):155-158.Long Kaixiong,Yang Guoxing.Application of MTC bridgingflu-id plugging technology in East Sichuan Area[J].Drilling&Pro-duction Technology,2008,31(5):155-158.
[8]蔡利山,张进双,苏长明.关于合理使用承压堵漏技术指标的建议[J].石油钻探技术,2008,36(2):84-86.Cai Lishan,Zhang Jinshuang,Su Changming.Suggestions aboutreasonable use of sealing under pressure technology[J].Petrole-um Drilling Techniques,2008,36(2):84-86.
[9]刘四海,崔庆东,李卫国.川东北地区井漏特点及承压堵漏技术难点与对策[J].石油钻探技术,2008,36(3):20-23.Liu Sihai,Cui Qingdong,Li Weiguo.Circulation loss characteris-tics and challenges and measures to plug under pressure inNortheast Sichuan Area[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2008,36(3):20-23.
[10]陈亮,王立峰,蔡利山,等.塔河油田盐上承压堵漏工艺技术[J].石油钻探技术,2006,34(4):63-66.Chen Liang,Wang Lifeng,Cai Lishan,et al.High pressure circu-lation lost techniques for salt beds in the Tahe oilfield[J].Petro-leum Drilling Techniques,2006,34(4):63-66.
[11]黄达全,刘永存,穆剑雷,等.承压堵漏技术在AT5井的应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2007,24(4):78-80.Hang Daquan,Liu Yongcun,Mu Jianlei,et al.Application ofmud loss control under pressures technology in Well AT5[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2007,24(4):78-80.
[12]刘铮,张宏军,刘传仁,等.复合纤维水泥浆在川东北钻井承压堵漏中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2007,30(6):116-118.Liu Zheng,Zhang Hongjun,Liu Chuanren,et al.Application ofcomposite fiber cement slurry to high pressure circulation losttechniques in Northeast Sichuan Area[J].Drilling&ProductionTechnology,2007,30(6):116-118.
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