钢结构中心支撑框架的抗震承载力设计
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摘要
钢结构中心支撑框架是多层工业和民用建筑中广泛应用的抗侧力结构体系之一,其在地震动激励下的抗震问题十分复杂。为此讨论钢结构中心支撑框架的抗震承载力设计。首先,讨论我国抗震规范的中心支撑抗震承载力验算公式,指出其不可靠,过高估计了支撑屈曲后承载力。在与相关国外规范和试验数据比较的基础上,提出了更可靠、合理且简捷的支撑承载力验算公式。继而,讨论了支撑计算长度以及V和Λ形支撑横梁设计需特别注意的问题。最后,就中心支撑框架抗震承载力设计的问题进行讨论,指出,支撑设计应考虑支撑对支撑系统中钢柱轴力的影响和在地震作用组合下支撑屈曲与否的影响,并提出了建议设计方法,可供规范修订时参考。
Concentrically braced steel frame is one of the lateral force resisting systems widely used in multi-storey industrial and civil buildings, and exhibits complicated seismic behavior under earthquake excitations. This paper discusses the seismic strength design of concentrically-braced frames. The equation for the compression strength calculation of concentrical braces under seismic conditions as prescribed by the Chinese seismic code is questioned and it is pointed out that the equation is unreliable and may over-estimate the strength capacities of braces. An equation which is deemed more reliable, appropriate yet concise for seismic strength verification is proposed based on a comparison with corresponding foreign codes and experimental results. Consequently, the effective (calculation) length of braces and a particular problem deserving attention for the horizontal beam design of V-and Λ-type (chevron) braces are discussed. Finally, the issue on the seismic design of concentrically-braced frames is discussed. It is pointed out that the effects of braces on the axial force of brace system columns and whether braces buckle or not under seismic action combinations should be considered, and recommendations are presented accordingly.
Concentrically braced steel frame is one of the lateral force resisting systems widely used in multi-storey industrial and civil buildings, and exhibits complicated seismic behavior under earthquake excitations. This paper discusses the seismic strength design of concentrically-braced frames. The equation for the compression strength calculation of concentrical braces under seismic conditions as prescribed by the Chinese seismic code is questioned and it is pointed out that the equation is unreliable and may over-estimate the strength capacities of braces. An equation which is deemed more reliable, appropriate yet concise for seismic strength verification is proposed based on a comparison with corresponding foreign codes and experimental results. Consequently, the effective (calculation) length of braces and a particular problem deserving attention for the horizontal beam design of V-and Λ-type (chevron) braces are discussed. Finally, the issue on the seismic design of concentrically-braced frames is discussed. It is pointed out that the effects of braces on the axial force of brace system columns and whether braces buckle or not under seismic action combinations should be considered, and recommendations are presented accordingly.
引文
1 Nakashi ma M,Inoue K,Tada M.Classification of Damage to Steel Buildings Observed in the1995Hyogoken-Nanbu Earth-quake.Engineering Structures,1998,20:271-281
2 Masayoshi,Nakashi ma,Praween Chusilp.A Partial View of Japa-nese Post-Kobe Seismic Design and Construction Practices.Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Seismology,2003(4):3-13
3 日本建築学会近畿支部鉄骨構造部会.1995年兵W県南部地震鉄骨被害調査報告?.1995
4 Luca Martinelli,Maria Gabriella Mulas,Federico Perotti.The Seis-mic Behaviour of Steel Moment-Resisting Frames with Stiffening Braces.Engineering Structures,1998,20(12):1045-1062
5 Building Seismic Safety Council.NEHRP Recommended Provi-sions:Design Examples(FEMA451).2006
6 ANSI/AISC341-02Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings.2002
7 ANSI/AISC341-05Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings.2005
8 ASCE/SEI7-05Mini mum Design Loads for Buildings and Oth-er Structures.2006
9 GB50011-2001 建筑抗震设计规范
10GB50191-93 构筑物抗震设计规范
11陈炯.关于钢结构抗震设计中轴心受压支撑长细比问题的讨论.钢结构,2008,23(1):48-52
12Structural Engineers Association of California(SEAOC).Tenta-tive Lateral Force Requirements.California:1990
13International Conference of Building Officials.Uniform Building Code.UBC91,Whittier:1991
14Kangmin Lee,Michel Bruneau.Energy Dissipation of Compres-sion Members in Concentrically Braced Frames:Review of Ex-peri mental Data.Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2005,131(4):552-559
15Alexander M.Remennikov,Warren R.Walpole.A Note on Compression Strength Reduction Factor for a Buckled Strut in Seismic-Resisting Braced System.Engineering Structures,1998,20:779-782
16Seismology Committee Structural Engineers Association of Cali-fornia.Recommended Lateral Force Requirements and Commen-tary(1996Sixth Edition).California:1997
17European Committee for Standardization.CEN.prEN1998-1:2003Eurocode8(Stage49Draft No.6):Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance,Part1:General Rules,Seismic Actions and Rules for Buildings.Brussels:2003
18日本建築センタ一.建築物の構造関係技術基準解説?.2007
19Robert Tremblay.New Canadian Seismic Design Provisions for Steel Structures//Proc.7th Pacific Structural Steel Conference.Long Beach:2004
20Andrew King.Earthquake Loads&Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings.http://www.branz.co.nz/branzltd/publications/pdfs/cp55.doc
21崔德刚.结构稳定性设计手册.北京:航空工业出版社,1996:48
22刘大海,杨翠如.型钢钢管混凝土高楼计算和构造.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003:224-225
23日本建築学会.鋼構造限界状?設計指針·同解説.2002
24喻纯诚,王福田,耿树江,等.交叉钢支撑抗震设计方法//地基与工业建筑抗震.北京:地震出版社,1984:183-194
25TJ11-78 工业与民用建筑抗震设计规范
26GB50017-2003 钢结构设计规范
27日本建築学会.鋼構造設計規準-許容?力度設計法.2005
28陈绍蕃.钢结构设计原理(第二版).北京:科学出版社,2003:177
29欧阳可庆.钢结构(下册).上海:同济大学出版社,1986:140
30Edoardo M Marino,Masayoshi Nakashi ma,Khalid M Mosalam.Comparison of European and Japanese Seismic Design of Steel Build-ing Structures.Engineering Structures,2005,27:827-840
31CECS160∶2004 建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)
2 Masayoshi,Nakashi ma,Praween Chusilp.A Partial View of Japa-nese Post-Kobe Seismic Design and Construction Practices.Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Seismology,2003(4):3-13
3 日本建築学会近畿支部鉄骨構造部会.1995年兵W県南部地震鉄骨被害調査報告?.1995
4 Luca Martinelli,Maria Gabriella Mulas,Federico Perotti.The Seis-mic Behaviour of Steel Moment-Resisting Frames with Stiffening Braces.Engineering Structures,1998,20(12):1045-1062
5 Building Seismic Safety Council.NEHRP Recommended Provi-sions:Design Examples(FEMA451).2006
6 ANSI/AISC341-02Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings.2002
7 ANSI/AISC341-05Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings.2005
8 ASCE/SEI7-05Mini mum Design Loads for Buildings and Oth-er Structures.2006
9 GB50011-2001 建筑抗震设计规范
10GB50191-93 构筑物抗震设计规范
11陈炯.关于钢结构抗震设计中轴心受压支撑长细比问题的讨论.钢结构,2008,23(1):48-52
12Structural Engineers Association of California(SEAOC).Tenta-tive Lateral Force Requirements.California:1990
13International Conference of Building Officials.Uniform Building Code.UBC91,Whittier:1991
14Kangmin Lee,Michel Bruneau.Energy Dissipation of Compres-sion Members in Concentrically Braced Frames:Review of Ex-peri mental Data.Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2005,131(4):552-559
15Alexander M.Remennikov,Warren R.Walpole.A Note on Compression Strength Reduction Factor for a Buckled Strut in Seismic-Resisting Braced System.Engineering Structures,1998,20:779-782
16Seismology Committee Structural Engineers Association of Cali-fornia.Recommended Lateral Force Requirements and Commen-tary(1996Sixth Edition).California:1997
17European Committee for Standardization.CEN.prEN1998-1:2003Eurocode8(Stage49Draft No.6):Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance,Part1:General Rules,Seismic Actions and Rules for Buildings.Brussels:2003
18日本建築センタ一.建築物の構造関係技術基準解説?.2007
19Robert Tremblay.New Canadian Seismic Design Provisions for Steel Structures//Proc.7th Pacific Structural Steel Conference.Long Beach:2004
20Andrew King.Earthquake Loads&Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings.http://www.branz.co.nz/branzltd/publications/pdfs/cp55.doc
21崔德刚.结构稳定性设计手册.北京:航空工业出版社,1996:48
22刘大海,杨翠如.型钢钢管混凝土高楼计算和构造.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003:224-225
23日本建築学会.鋼構造限界状?設計指針·同解説.2002
24喻纯诚,王福田,耿树江,等.交叉钢支撑抗震设计方法//地基与工业建筑抗震.北京:地震出版社,1984:183-194
25TJ11-78 工业与民用建筑抗震设计规范
26GB50017-2003 钢结构设计规范
27日本建築学会.鋼構造設計規準-許容?力度設計法.2005
28陈绍蕃.钢结构设计原理(第二版).北京:科学出版社,2003:177
29欧阳可庆.钢结构(下册).上海:同济大学出版社,1986:140
30Edoardo M Marino,Masayoshi Nakashi ma,Khalid M Mosalam.Comparison of European and Japanese Seismic Design of Steel Build-ing Structures.Engineering Structures,2005,27:827-840
31CECS160∶2004 建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)
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