大柳树坝址工程断错效应分析
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摘要
坐落于中卫-同心活动断裂带中间部位的黄河黑山峡大柳树坝址,距F201发震断层垂直距离不足1.5km。统计表明,在青藏高原及其周缘地区,当发生Ⅶ级以上破坏性地震时,距发震断裂两侧3~5km的范围内都有可能出现断层的分支破裂、次生破裂等错断效应。大柳树坝址处于Ⅶ级以上地震时的分支破裂发生带内,因此,存在工程错断效应问题。三维有限元数值模拟结果表明,断层F201发生错动时,坝址地段断层F93、F39、F40相对于F201的错动比率处分别达到14.38%、12.00%和9.84%以上。
The Daliushu Dam Site in the Heishanxia Gorge of the Yellow River is seated in the middle of Zhongwei-Tongxin active fault zone.It is apart 1.5 km from the seismogenic fault F201.The results of statistics indicated that the rupturing effects such as branch fractures and secondary fractures will be appeared around the adjacent 3~5 km area from seismogenic fault,if the Ms≥7.0 Earthquakes happen in the Qinghai-Xizang plateau and its margins.The Daliushu Dam Site is located in the zone of branch fracture occurrence when Ms≥7.0 Earthquakes happen.,So,engineering rupturing effects will be in existence.Result of 3-D finite element analysis indicates that the dislocation ratio of the faults F93,F39,and F40 relative to the fault F201 arrives at 14.38%、12.0% and 9.84% respectively,when the rupturing effects of fault F201 happen.
The Daliushu Dam Site in the Heishanxia Gorge of the Yellow River is seated in the middle of Zhongwei-Tongxin active fault zone.It is apart 1.5 km from the seismogenic fault F201.The results of statistics indicated that the rupturing effects such as branch fractures and secondary fractures will be appeared around the adjacent 3~5 km area from seismogenic fault,if the Ms≥7.0 Earthquakes happen in the Qinghai-Xizang plateau and its margins.The Daliushu Dam Site is located in the zone of branch fracture occurrence when Ms≥7.0 Earthquakes happen.,So,engineering rupturing effects will be in existence.Result of 3-D finite element analysis indicates that the dislocation ratio of the faults F93,F39,and F40 relative to the fault F201 arrives at 14.38%、12.0% and 9.84% respectively,when the rupturing effects of fault F201 happen.
引文
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[18]刘建宏,周本刚,尹功明.大柳树坝址区平硐断层的最新活动时代研究[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(3):370~374.Liu Jianhong,Zhou Bengang,Yin Gongming.The latest active ageof the faults observed in horizontal tunnels for dam construction atDaliushu site.Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(3):370~374.
[2][美]罗伯特L,威格尔主编,国科学院工程力学研究所译.地震工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,1978.Robert L.Wiegel.Earthquake Engineering,Prentic Hall,1970.
[3]彭建兵,毛彦龙,范文.区域稳定动力学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.Peng Jianbing,Mao Yanlong,Fan Wen.Study of dynamics of theregional stability.Beijing:Science Press,2001.
[4]彭建兵,马润勇,席先武,等.区域稳定动力学的应用实践研究[M].地质出版社,2006.Peng Jianbing,Ma Runyong,Xi Xianwu,et al..Research on ap-plication of regional stability dynamics.Geological PublishingHouse,2006.
[5]累普斯,T.M.能动的断层错动对大坝设计的影响[J].水利水电工程设计,1994,13(3):52~57.Leps T M.Theinfluence ofdislocation of fault on the design ofdam.Design of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering,1994,13(3):52~57.
[6]潘家铮,何?主编.中国水力发电工程(工程地质卷)[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2000.Pan Jiazhen,He Jing,eds.Hydropower engineering in China(En-gineering Geology Serier).Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2000.
[7]朱伯芳.1999年台湾9.21集集大地震中的水利水电工程[J].水力发电学报,2003,22(1):21~33.Zhu Bofang.Damages to hydraulic structures caused by921 Earth-quake of Taiwan in 1999.Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2003,22(1):21~33.
[8]韩文峰.黄河黑山峡河段开发重大工程地质问题研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.Han Wenfeng.Study on Important Engineering Geological Prob-lems about Development of Heishan Gorge on the Yellow River.Beijing:Science Press,2004.
[9]胡海涛,罗国煜,许兵,等.黄河黑山峡河段大柳树坝址工程地质专题研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.Hu Haitao et al..Typical Case-study of the Engineering GeologyPrebloms of the Daliushu Dam Site in the Heishanxia Gorge of theYellow River.Beijing:Seismological Press,1993.
[10]国家地震局地质研究所,国家地震局兰州地震研究所.祁连山-河西走廊活动断裂系.北京:地震出版社,1993.Institute of Geology,CSB,Lanzhou Institute of Seismology,CSB.Qilian Mountain-Hexi Corridor active fracture system.Beijing:Seismological Press,1993.
[11]王赞军,党光明,张瑞斌,等.昆仑山口西8.1级地震地表破裂的类型与性质.高原地震,2002,14(1):17~25.Wang Zanjun,Dang Guangming,Zhang Ruibin,et al..Stylesand Characteristics of the Surface Rupture of the West KunlunMountains Earthquake with Ms8.1.Earthquake Research in Plat-ea.2002,14(1):17~25.
[12]云南省地震局滇西地震预报实验场编著.一九九六年丽江地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1998.Western Yunnan Earthquake Prediction Test Field,SeismologicalBureau of Yunnan Province.The Lijiang Earthquake in 1996.Beijing:Seismological Press,1998.
[13]陈立德,赵维城,编著.一九七六年龙陵地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.Cheng Lide,Zhao Weichen.The Longling Earthquake in 1976.Beijin:Seismological Press,1979.
[14]周炳荣,陈敬.澜沧—耿马地震的烈度分布与地面破坏[J].工程抗震,1989,(3):39~41,38.Zhou binrong,Cheng Jin.Intensity distribution and ground fail-ure on the Lancang—Gengma Earthquake.Earthquake resistantengineering,,1989,(3):39~41,38.
[15]俞维贤,侯学英,周瑞琦,等.澜沧-耿马地震的地表破裂特征[J].地震研究,1991,14(3):203~214.Yu Weixian,Hou Xueying,Zhou Ruiqi,et al.Characteristic sur-face ruptures of Lancang-Gengma earthquake.Journal of seis-mological research,1991,14(3):203~214.
[16]四川省地震局,编著.一九八一年道孚地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1986.Earthquake Administration of Sichuan Province.The DaofuEarthquake in 1981.Beijin:Seismological Press,1986.
[17]四川省地震局,编著.一九三三年叠溪地震[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社.1983.Earthquake Administration of Sichuan Province.The Diexi Earth-quake in 1933.Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technology Pub-lishing House,1983.
[18]刘建宏,周本刚,尹功明.大柳树坝址区平硐断层的最新活动时代研究[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(3):370~374.Liu Jianhong,Zhou Bengang,Yin Gongming.The latest active ageof the faults observed in horizontal tunnels for dam construction atDaliushu site.Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(3):370~374.
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