顶驱钻井柔性钻柱动力学特性分析
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摘要
与单独分析钻杆纵向振动不同,将钻柱、吊环、顶驱装置、水龙头、起升系统和井架组成的柔性多体系统与钻井液、井壁耦合进行分析。首先推导了多体系统在耦合条件下起下钻过程钻柱系统纵振方程和频率方程,把内外钻井液对钻柱系统的作用力折算成等效的附加质量,运用Matlab编程计算,得到钻柱前8阶固有频率的理论解,并与采用Ansys软件计算得到的数值解比较,验证了理论推导的合理性;其次,针对钻柱提升或下放速度与加速或减速所延续的时间的比值与动载的线性关系,对钻柱系统进行谐响应分析,得出了不同v/t值下钻柱系统的动力响应。为起下钻过程中合理的起升、下放速度和时间参数设计提供了参考依据。
Unlike the past single longitudinal vibration analysis of drill string,this paper analyzed the flexible multibody system consists of drill string,elevator link,TDS,hoisting system and derrick,along with the coupling of drill string and drilling mud.On the condition of coupling,vibration and frequency equation of multibody system were deduced on round trip.Moreover,the effect of mud inside and outside to drill string was converted to equivalent added mass.Exact solutions of the first eight natural frequencies acquired by using matlab software were compared with the numerical solution through ansys software,which verified the rationality of theoretical analysis.In addition,according to the linear relationship between the dynamic load and velocity/time ratio,harmonic response analysis of drill string was performed;therefore,dynamic responses under different velocity and time ratios were obtained.This work provided reference for reasonable parameter designing of velocity /time ratio on round trip operation.
Unlike the past single longitudinal vibration analysis of drill string,this paper analyzed the flexible multibody system consists of drill string,elevator link,TDS,hoisting system and derrick,along with the coupling of drill string and drilling mud.On the condition of coupling,vibration and frequency equation of multibody system were deduced on round trip.Moreover,the effect of mud inside and outside to drill string was converted to equivalent added mass.Exact solutions of the first eight natural frequencies acquired by using matlab software were compared with the numerical solution through ansys software,which verified the rationality of theoretical analysis.In addition,according to the linear relationship between the dynamic load and velocity/time ratio,harmonic response analysis of drill string was performed;therefore,dynamic responses under different velocity and time ratios were obtained.This work provided reference for reasonable parameter designing of velocity /time ratio on round trip operation.
引文
[1]谢竹庄.钻柱中的弹性波[J].石油学报,1992,13(2):94-98.
[2]张春华,刘广华.随钻测量系统技术发展现状及建议[J].钻采工艺,2010,33(1):31-35.
[3]赵国山,管志川,王以法,等.钻柱结构声传输特性试验研究[J],石油矿场机械,2009,38(11):45-49.
[4]Bernd Schmalhorst.Drilling dynamics in presence ofMud flow[G].IADC/SPE 59236,2000.
[5]Drum Heller D S.Wave in peduncles of drill stringsand other periodic media[J].The Journal of the acous-tical Society of America,2002,112(6):2 527-2 539.
[6]刘伟,任凌云,刘洪亮.钻井液脉冲信号传输影响因素分析[J].石油钻探技术,2010,38(1):101-103.
[7]Aarestad T V,Kyllingstad A.Measurement and theo-retical models on rig suspension and the effect of drillstring vibrations[G].SPE 19553.
[8]张焱,陈平.深井中钻柱动力学机理研究[J].石油机械,1998,26(7):17-20.
[9]祝效华,童华,刘广川,等.井下钻具力学特性评价新方法[J].石油矿场机械,2007,36(11):21-23.
[10]李军强,冯军刚.钻井液阻尼对钻柱动力失稳的影响[J].石油机械,1999,27(7):30-33.
[11]李子丰,李永贵,侯绪田,等.钻柱纵向和扭转振动分析[J].工程力学,2004,21(6):70-73.
[12]崔晓华,周学芹,李玉海.井下钻柱纵向振动特性分析[J].石油矿场机械,2009,38(11):12-15.
[13]肖文生,于桂杰.起下钻钻柱纵振理论分析[J].石油矿场机械,2010,39(12):24-26.
[14]苏义脑,季细星.起下钻时的钻柱和液柱系统纵向振动过程分析[J].力学与实践,1994,16(5):29-33.
[15]Svein-Helge Lea.Propagation of Coupled Pressure Wavesin Borehole with Drill string[G].SPE 37156,1996.
[16]居荣初,曾心传.弹性结构与液体的耦联振动理论[M].北京:地震出版社,1983.
[17]赵国珍,龚伟安.钻井力学基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1988.
[2]张春华,刘广华.随钻测量系统技术发展现状及建议[J].钻采工艺,2010,33(1):31-35.
[3]赵国山,管志川,王以法,等.钻柱结构声传输特性试验研究[J],石油矿场机械,2009,38(11):45-49.
[4]Bernd Schmalhorst.Drilling dynamics in presence ofMud flow[G].IADC/SPE 59236,2000.
[5]Drum Heller D S.Wave in peduncles of drill stringsand other periodic media[J].The Journal of the acous-tical Society of America,2002,112(6):2 527-2 539.
[6]刘伟,任凌云,刘洪亮.钻井液脉冲信号传输影响因素分析[J].石油钻探技术,2010,38(1):101-103.
[7]Aarestad T V,Kyllingstad A.Measurement and theo-retical models on rig suspension and the effect of drillstring vibrations[G].SPE 19553.
[8]张焱,陈平.深井中钻柱动力学机理研究[J].石油机械,1998,26(7):17-20.
[9]祝效华,童华,刘广川,等.井下钻具力学特性评价新方法[J].石油矿场机械,2007,36(11):21-23.
[10]李军强,冯军刚.钻井液阻尼对钻柱动力失稳的影响[J].石油机械,1999,27(7):30-33.
[11]李子丰,李永贵,侯绪田,等.钻柱纵向和扭转振动分析[J].工程力学,2004,21(6):70-73.
[12]崔晓华,周学芹,李玉海.井下钻柱纵向振动特性分析[J].石油矿场机械,2009,38(11):12-15.
[13]肖文生,于桂杰.起下钻钻柱纵振理论分析[J].石油矿场机械,2010,39(12):24-26.
[14]苏义脑,季细星.起下钻时的钻柱和液柱系统纵向振动过程分析[J].力学与实践,1994,16(5):29-33.
[15]Svein-Helge Lea.Propagation of Coupled Pressure Wavesin Borehole with Drill string[G].SPE 37156,1996.
[16]居荣初,曾心传.弹性结构与液体的耦联振动理论[M].北京:地震出版社,1983.
[17]赵国珍,龚伟安.钻井力学基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1988.
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