粗粒土三轴试验数值模拟与试样颗粒初始架构初探
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摘要
试样颗粒初始架构是粗粒土室内三轴试验中一个难以人为控制的因素。基于元胞自动机方法,结合粗粒土的室内三轴试验开发了能制备不同颗粒初始架构粗粒土试样的HHC-CA模型,该模型制备的粗粒土试样表征了粗粒土各粒组分布的不均匀性和随机性,再借助FLAC3D进行粗粒土三轴数值模拟试验,并探讨了试样剪切带内的砾石含量和试样砾石含量对内摩擦角的影响。数值模拟结果表明,同一粒径级配下,粗粒土的内摩擦角值与剪切带内的砾石含量呈增函数关系;试样砾石含量的增加可能会出现内摩擦角减小的现象,但同一粒径级配下的内摩擦角均值随试样砾石含量的增加而明显增大。
The initial fabric of sample grain is a hard artificial controlling factor in the laboratory triaxial tests of coarse-grained soil.Based on cellular automata method,combining the laboratory triaxial tests of coarse-grained soil developed the HHC-CA model which generated the coarse-grained soil samples of different initial fabrics of grain to characterize the heterogeneous and random distribution of coarse-grained soil grain group.Then by means of the fast lagrangian analysis of continua in three dimensions (FLAC3D),conducting triaxial numerical simulation tests of coarse-grained soil and discussing the relationship between the gravel contents of sample shear band and samples and internal friction angle.Numerical simulation results indicate that the relationship between internal friction angle of coarse-grained soil and gravel contents of samples shear band were increasing function in the same size grading.According to the increasing of samples gravel contents,the internal friction angle might reduce,but the mean internal friction angle significantly increases with the increment of samples gravel contents.
The initial fabric of sample grain is a hard artificial controlling factor in the laboratory triaxial tests of coarse-grained soil.Based on cellular automata method,combining the laboratory triaxial tests of coarse-grained soil developed the HHC-CA model which generated the coarse-grained soil samples of different initial fabrics of grain to characterize the heterogeneous and random distribution of coarse-grained soil grain group.Then by means of the fast lagrangian analysis of continua in three dimensions (FLAC3D),conducting triaxial numerical simulation tests of coarse-grained soil and discussing the relationship between the gravel contents of sample shear band and samples and internal friction angle.Numerical simulation results indicate that the relationship between internal friction angle of coarse-grained soil and gravel contents of samples shear band were increasing function in the same size grading.According to the increasing of samples gravel contents,the internal friction angle might reduce,but the mean internal friction angle significantly increases with the increment of samples gravel contents.
引文
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[19]周健,贾敏才.土工细观模型试验与数值模拟[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[20]HAN C,DRESCHER A.Shear bands in biaxial tests on dry course sand[J].Soils and Foundations,1991,33(1):118-132.
[21]FINNO R J,HARRIS W W,MOONEY M A,et al.Shear bands in plane strain compression of loose sand[J].Geotechnique,1998,47(1):149-165.
[22]鲁晓兵,王义华,王淑云,等.饱和土中剪切带宽度的研究[J].力学学报,2005,37(1):87-91.LU Xiao-bing,WANG Yi-hua,WANG Shu-yun,et al.On the shear band width in saturated soils[J].Acta Mechanica Sinica,2005,37(1):87-91.
[2]姜景山,刘汉龙,程展林,等.密度和围压对粗粒土力学性质的影响[J].长江科学院院报,2009,26(8):46-50.JIANG Jing-shan,LIU Han-long,CHENG Zhan-lin.Influences of density and confining pressure on mechanical properties for coarse-grained soils[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2009,26(8):46-50.
[3]刘萌成,高玉峰,刘汉龙.应力路径条件下堆石料剪切特性大型三轴试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1):176-186.LIU Meng-cheng,GAO Yu-feng,LIU Han-long.Study on shear behaviors of rockfill in large-scale triaxial tests under different stress paths[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(1):176-186.
[4]姜洪伟,赵锡宏.剪切速率对各向异性不排水抗剪强度影响分析[J].同济大学学报,1997,25(4):390-395.JIANG Hong-wei,ZHAO Xi-hong.Analysis of the shearing rate effecton anisotropic undrained strength of clays[J].Journal of Tongji University,1997,25(4):390-395.
[5]党进谦,蒋仓兰,吉中亮,等.剪切速率对结构性黄土力学性状的影响[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(3):459-463.DANG Jin-qian,JIANG Cang-lan,JI Zhong-liang,et al.Effects of shear rate on mechanical behavior of structured loess[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2009,5(3):459-463.
[6]李翀,何昌荣,王琛,等.粗粒料大型三轴试验的尺寸效应研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(增刊):563-566.LI Chong,HE Chang-rong,WANG Chen,et al.Study of scale effect of large-scale triaxial test of coarse-grained meterials[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(Supp.):563-566.
[7]BAGHERZADEH-KHALKHALI A,MIRGHASEMI A A.Numerical and experimental direct shear tests for coarse-grained soils[J].Particuology,2009,7:83-91.
[8]栾茂田,林皋,杨庆.岩土地震工程与土动力学中若干最新进展评述[C]//第五届全国土动力学学术会议论文集.大连:大连理工大学出版社,1998.
[9]姜景山,程展林,姜小兰.粗粒土二维模型试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2008,25(2):38-41.JIANG Jing-shan,CHEN Zhan-lin,JIANG Xiao-lan.Two dimensional model test for coarse grained soil[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2008,25(2):38-41.
[10]徐文杰,胡瑞林,岳中琦,等.基于数字图像分析及大型直剪试验的土石混合体块石含量与抗剪强度关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):996-1007.XU Wen-jie,HU Rui-lin,YUE Zhong-qi,et al.Research on relationship between rock block proportion and shear strength of soil-rock mixtures based on digital image analysis and large direct shear test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(5):996-1007.
[11]南京水利科学研究院.SL237-1999土工试验规程[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.
[12]周成虎,孙战利,谢一春.地理元胞自动机研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[13]郭庆国.粗粒土的工程特性及应用[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1999.
[14]王学滨,潘一山,盛谦,等.岩体假三轴压缩及变形局部化剪切带数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2001,22(3):323-326.WANG Xue-bin,PAN Yi-shan,SHENG Qian,et al.Simulation of triaxial compression and localization of deformation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2001,22(3):323-326.
[15]徐鼎平,汪斌,江龙剑,等.冰碛土三轴数值模拟试验方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2008,29(12):3466-3470.XU Ding-ping,WANG Bin,JIANG Long-jian,et al.Study of methods of triaxial numerical simulation test of glacial till[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(12):3466-3470.
[16]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所.德兴铜矿西源岭排土场稳定性及破坏模式研究报告[R].武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,2008.
[17]王光进,杨春和,张超,等.粗粒含量对散体岩土颗粒破碎及强度特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(12):3649-3655.WANG Guang-jin,YANG Chun-he,ZHANG Chao,et al.Experimental research on particle breakage and strength characteristics of rock and soil materials with different coarse-grained contents[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(12):3649-3655.
[18]程展林,吴良平,丁红顺.粗粒土组构之颗粒运动研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(增刊):29-33.CHENG Zhan-lin,WU Liang-ping,DING Hong-shun.Research on movement of particle of fabric of granular material[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(Supp.):29-33.
[19]周健,贾敏才.土工细观模型试验与数值模拟[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[20]HAN C,DRESCHER A.Shear bands in biaxial tests on dry course sand[J].Soils and Foundations,1991,33(1):118-132.
[21]FINNO R J,HARRIS W W,MOONEY M A,et al.Shear bands in plane strain compression of loose sand[J].Geotechnique,1998,47(1):149-165.
[22]鲁晓兵,王义华,王淑云,等.饱和土中剪切带宽度的研究[J].力学学报,2005,37(1):87-91.LU Xiao-bing,WANG Yi-hua,WANG Shu-yun,et al.On the shear band width in saturated soils[J].Acta Mechanica Sinica,2005,37(1):87-91.
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