高温后岩石变形破坏过程的能量分析
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摘要
从非平衡热力学角度出发,结合岩石在不同高温作用后的单轴压缩和声发射试验,详细阐述了岩石变形破坏过程中的声发射特点,分析了经历不同高温后岩石强度与能量耗散和能量释放之间的关系。研究结果表明高温作用后花岗岩声发射曲线大致经历了以下6个阶段:初始沉寂段、上升段、前峰值段、高幅持续段、后峰值段、后期沉寂段。声发射曲线较好地反映了岩石在整个破坏过程中由稳定态向亚稳定态、临界态、失稳破坏直至新的稳定态的发展过程。岩石峰值强度与耗散能呈反比关系,与弹性能呈正比关系,能量耗散使材料发生劣化,强度降低。声发射能率与弹性能呈正比关系,与耗散能呈反比关系,弹性能突然释放引起岩石的失稳破坏。岩石的破坏是能量耗散与能量释放共同作用的结果。研究结果有助于研究高温后受外载岩石微缺陷的演化并最终破裂的过程,对高温后岩体工程起到一定的参考作用。
Mechanical characteristics and acoustic emission properties of granite under uniaxial compression after high temperature have been researched.Based on the experiments,the paper interprets the acoustic emission and energy characteristics of rocks in deformation and fracture process with non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory.The intrinsic relations between strength,energy dissipation and energy release of rocks during failure process are also discussed.The results show that after high temperature acoustic emission curves experienced six stages which contain initial dreariness stage,upword stage,anterior peak value stage,high-amplitude continuous stage,posterior peak value stage and later dreariness stage.Acoustic emission curves can preferably reflect rock developing process from stable state to metastable state,critical state,unstable failure until new stable state in deformation and fracture process.Rock strength shows inverse ratio to dissipated energy and proportional ratio to elastic energy,energy dissipation makes the material deteriorate and its strength drop down eventually.Acoustic emission energy rate shows proportional ratio to elastic energy and inverse ratio to dissipated energy,the elastic energy released in rock volume plays the pivotal role of abrupt structural failure of rock.It is emphasized that the failure of rock is a process in which energy dissipation and energy release occur simultaneously.The results contribute to study rock failure process from the micro defect evolution to finally rupture after high temperature from the viewpoint of energy,which offer reference to the engineering practice.
Mechanical characteristics and acoustic emission properties of granite under uniaxial compression after high temperature have been researched.Based on the experiments,the paper interprets the acoustic emission and energy characteristics of rocks in deformation and fracture process with non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory.The intrinsic relations between strength,energy dissipation and energy release of rocks during failure process are also discussed.The results show that after high temperature acoustic emission curves experienced six stages which contain initial dreariness stage,upword stage,anterior peak value stage,high-amplitude continuous stage,posterior peak value stage and later dreariness stage.Acoustic emission curves can preferably reflect rock developing process from stable state to metastable state,critical state,unstable failure until new stable state in deformation and fracture process.Rock strength shows inverse ratio to dissipated energy and proportional ratio to elastic energy,energy dissipation makes the material deteriorate and its strength drop down eventually.Acoustic emission energy rate shows proportional ratio to elastic energy and inverse ratio to dissipated energy,the elastic energy released in rock volume plays the pivotal role of abrupt structural failure of rock.It is emphasized that the failure of rock is a process in which energy dissipation and energy release occur simultaneously.The results contribute to study rock failure process from the micro defect evolution to finally rupture after high temperature from the viewpoint of energy,which offer reference to the engineering practice.
引文
[1]谢和平,彭瑞东,鞠杨.岩石变形破坏过程中的能量耗散分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3565-3570.
[2]赵忠虎,谢和平.岩石变形破坏过程中的能量传递和耗散研究[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2008,40(2):26-31.
[3]彭瑞东,谢和平,周宏伟.岩石变形破坏过程的热力学分析[J].金属矿山,2008(3):61-64.
[4]李如生.非平衡态热力学和耗散结构[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1986.
[5]Sujatha V,Chandra KJ M.Energy Release Rate due to Friction at Bi material Interface in Dams[J].Journal of Engineer-ing Mechanics,2003,129(7):793-800.
[6]赵阳升,冯增朝,万志军.岩体动力破坏的最小能量原理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1781-1783.
[7]潘岳,王志强.岩体动力失稳的功、能增量-突变理论研究方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(9):1433-1438.
[8]谢和平,鞠杨,黎立云,等.岩体变形破坏过程的能量机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):1729-1740.
[9]谢和平,鞠杨,黎立云.基于能量耗散与释放原理的岩石强度与整体破坏准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3003-3010.
[10]谢和平,彭瑞东,鞠杨,等.岩石破坏的能量分析初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):2603-2608.
[11]徐小丽,高峰,钟卫平,等.温度作用下花岗岩力学性质实验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(4):651-656.
[12]张渊,曲方,赵阳升.岩石热破裂的声发射现象[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(1):73-75.
[13]蒋海昆,张流,周永胜.不同温度条件下花岗岩变形声发射时序特征[J].地震,2000,20(3):87-94.
[14]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2499-2503.
[15]徐小丽,高峰,高亚楠,等.高温后花岗岩力学性质变化及结构效应研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(3):402-406.
[2]赵忠虎,谢和平.岩石变形破坏过程中的能量传递和耗散研究[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2008,40(2):26-31.
[3]彭瑞东,谢和平,周宏伟.岩石变形破坏过程的热力学分析[J].金属矿山,2008(3):61-64.
[4]李如生.非平衡态热力学和耗散结构[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1986.
[5]Sujatha V,Chandra KJ M.Energy Release Rate due to Friction at Bi material Interface in Dams[J].Journal of Engineer-ing Mechanics,2003,129(7):793-800.
[6]赵阳升,冯增朝,万志军.岩体动力破坏的最小能量原理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1781-1783.
[7]潘岳,王志强.岩体动力失稳的功、能增量-突变理论研究方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(9):1433-1438.
[8]谢和平,鞠杨,黎立云,等.岩体变形破坏过程的能量机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):1729-1740.
[9]谢和平,鞠杨,黎立云.基于能量耗散与释放原理的岩石强度与整体破坏准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3003-3010.
[10]谢和平,彭瑞东,鞠杨,等.岩石破坏的能量分析初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):2603-2608.
[11]徐小丽,高峰,钟卫平,等.温度作用下花岗岩力学性质实验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(4):651-656.
[12]张渊,曲方,赵阳升.岩石热破裂的声发射现象[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(1):73-75.
[13]蒋海昆,张流,周永胜.不同温度条件下花岗岩变形声发射时序特征[J].地震,2000,20(3):87-94.
[14]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2499-2503.
[15]徐小丽,高峰,高亚楠,等.高温后花岗岩力学性质变化及结构效应研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(3):402-406.
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