基于扩展有限元法的含纵向裂缝重力坝破坏分析
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摘要
采用扩展有限元法(XFEM)计算分析含纵向裂缝重力坝在水压超载作用下的破坏模式,研究坝内裂缝对重力坝超载系数的影响。结果表明,重力坝在水压超载的破坏失稳行为表现为脆性和突发性,达到一定超载水压出现坝体裂缝,然后裂缝迅速贯穿坝体,导致坝体失稳。纵向裂缝的存在显著降低重力坝的整体刚度与安全系数。
An extended finite element method(FEM) is adopted to analyze the crack propagation process for evaluating the overloading capacity of gravity dams with longitudinal interior cracks.Influence of existing cracks in dams on their failure modes and safety factors of gravity dams under overloading are demonstrated.The crack process behaves that when cracks propagate in dams,they will extend rapidly through the whole section of the dam from upstream to downstream face and a sudden failure of the dam appears to happen.It is also found that the existing cracks significantly reduce the integral rigidity and loading capacity of the dam.
An extended finite element method(FEM) is adopted to analyze the crack propagation process for evaluating the overloading capacity of gravity dams with longitudinal interior cracks.Influence of existing cracks in dams on their failure modes and safety factors of gravity dams under overloading are demonstrated.The crack process behaves that when cracks propagate in dams,they will extend rapidly through the whole section of the dam from upstream to downstream face and a sudden failure of the dam appears to happen.It is also found that the existing cracks significantly reduce the integral rigidity and loading capacity of the dam.
引文
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[14]Cervera M,Chiumenti M.Smeared crack approach:back to the original track[J].International Journal for Numerical andAnalytical Methods in Geomechanics.2006,30:1173～1199.
[2]张楚汉.腹拱重力坝超载破坏试验研究[J].清华大学学报.1963,10(2):57～75.Chang Chuhan.Rupture test studies of the arch belly gravity dam under overloading[J].Journal of Tsinghua University.1963,10(2):57～75.(in Chinese)
[3]周维垣,杨若琼,刘耀儒,等.高拱坝整体稳定地质力学模型试验研究[J].水力发电学报.2005,24(1):53～58.Zhou Weiyuan,Yang Ruoqiong,Liu Yaoru,et al.Research on geomechanical model of rupture tests of arch dams for their stability[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering.2005,24(1):53～58.(in Chinese)
[4]Ayari M L.Static and dynamic fracture mechanics of concrete gravity dams[D].Boulder:University of Colorado,1988.
[5]王修信,潘家铮,夏颂佑.重力坝坝踵断裂扩展模拟方法[J].河海大学学报.1991,19(5):55～60.Wang Xiuxin,Pan Jiazheng,Xia Songyou.Analogue of crack development in concrete dams[J].Journal of Hohai University.1991,19(5):55～60.(in Chinese)
[6]Feltrin G,Wepf D,Bachmann H.Seismic cracking of concrete gravity dams[J].Dam Engineering.1990,1(4):279～289.
[7]Zhang C H,Wang G L,Wang S M,et al.Experimental Tests of Rolled Compacted Concrete and Nonlinear Fracture Analysis ofRolled Compacted Concrete Dams[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering.2002,14(2):108～115.
[8]Bhattacharjee S S,Léger P.Application of NLFM Models to Predict Cracking in Concrete Gravity Dams[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering.1994,120(4):1255～1271.
[9]Belytschko T,Black T.Elastic crack growth in finite elements with minimal remeshing[J].International Journal for NumericalMethods in Engineering.1999,45(5):601～620.
[10]方修君,金峰,王进廷.基于扩展有限元法的Koyna重力坝地震开裂过程模拟[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版).2008,48(12):2065～2069.Fang Xiujun,Jin Feng,Wang Jinting.Seismic fracture simulation of the Koyna gravity dam using an extended finite element method[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology).2008,48(12):2065～2069.(in Chinese)
[11]董玉文,任青文,余天堂.扩展有限元法在重力坝断裂分析中的应用研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报.20083,0(3):36～40.Dong Yuwen,Ren Qingwen,YU Tiantang.Application of Extended Finite Element Method to Fracturing Analysis of Gravity Dam[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University.2008,30(3):36～40.(in Chinese)
[12]Song J,Areias P M A,Belytschko T.A method for dynamic crack and shear band propagation with phantom nodes[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering.2006,67:868～893.
[13]Nooru-Mohamed M B.Mixed mode fracture of concrete:an experimental approach[D].TU Delft,The Netherlands,1992.
[14]Cervera M,Chiumenti M.Smeared crack approach:back to the original track[J].International Journal for Numerical andAnalytical Methods in Geomechanics.2006,30:1173～1199.
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