卡方检验在裂隙岩体统计均质区划分中的应用研究
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摘要
岩体统计均质区的研究一直是岩土工程中的重要问题。在基于随机数学的基础上,充分考虑了不连续面的产状(倾向、倾角)、迹长、张开度、起伏状态,通过列联表卡方检验法,验证对比样本之间的显著性差异与否,以此实现了对裂隙岩体的统计均质区的划分。研究区域统计均质区为18～90 m和108～144 m。由于岩体不连续面分布的不均匀性,造成了统计均质区分布随研究空间的变化而产生明显的差异,通过改变对比样本之间的空间布局,验证了统计均质区空间效应的存在性,并在基于空间效应的基础上进行了统计均质区的划分,计算得出研究区域统计均质区为18～57 m和108～144 m。
The study on structural homogeneity dividing has attracted attention in geotechnical engineering.The occurrence(dip and dip angle),trace length,width and shape of discontinuity are fully considered by means of stochastic mathematics,and the structural homogeneity of fractured rock mass is divided based on the contingency table chi-square tests which can validate the difference between samples.The dividing method is more accurate because it takes more parameters,which reflect the feature of rock mass.The structural homogeneity areas are 18~90 m and 108~144 m,respectively.However,there are some defects which neglect detailed difference of the compared samples.Therefore,the spatial effect of the structural homogeneity dividing is introduced.Because the distribution of the rock mass discontinuities is heterogeneous,the dividing of the structural homogeneity varies obviously with change of the study space.The spatial effect of the structural homogeneity dividing is proved to exist through changing the space of the compared samples,and the structural homogeneity is divided based on the spatial effect.The structural homogeneity areas considering the spatial effect are 18~57 m and 108~144 m,respectively.
The study on structural homogeneity dividing has attracted attention in geotechnical engineering.The occurrence(dip and dip angle),trace length,width and shape of discontinuity are fully considered by means of stochastic mathematics,and the structural homogeneity of fractured rock mass is divided based on the contingency table chi-square tests which can validate the difference between samples.The dividing method is more accurate because it takes more parameters,which reflect the feature of rock mass.The structural homogeneity areas are 18~90 m and 108~144 m,respectively.However,there are some defects which neglect detailed difference of the compared samples.Therefore,the spatial effect of the structural homogeneity dividing is introduced.Because the distribution of the rock mass discontinuities is heterogeneous,the dividing of the structural homogeneity varies obviously with change of the study space.The spatial effect of the structural homogeneity dividing is proved to exist through changing the space of the compared samples,and the structural homogeneity is divided based on the spatial effect.The structural homogeneity areas considering the spatial effect are 18~57 m and 108~144 m,respectively.
引文
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[14]彭立敏,施成华,吴波,等.高层建筑基础与下部地下洞室相互作用的空间效应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(9):1496–1501.(PENG Li-min,SHI Cheng-hua,WU Bo,et al.Study on spatial action between high building foundation and underground shelter cave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(9):1496–1501.(in Chinese))
[15]侯哲生,韩文峰,李晓.金川二矿区巷道围岩力学参数空间效应数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):64–68.(HOU Zhe-sheng,HAN Wen-feng,LI Xiao.Numerical analysis on spatial effect of mechanical parameter of surrounding rocks in Jinchuan deposit[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(1):64–68.(in Chinese))
[16]汪双杰,陈建兵.青藏高原多年冻土路基温度场公路空间效应的非线性分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(10):1544–1549.(WANG Shuang-jie,CHEN Jian-bing.Nonlinear analysis for dimensional effects of temperature field of highway embankment in permafrost regions on Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(10):1544–1549.(in Chinese))
[17]NIIBORI Y,NAKATA R,TOCHIYAMA O.Evaluation of solute transport through a fracture by considering the spatial distributions of retardation effect in grain scale[J].Journal of Hydrologic Engineering,2009,14(11):1214–1220.
[2]KUCEROVA A,BRANCHERIE D,IBRAHIMBEGOVIC A,et al.Novel anisotropic continuum-discrete damage model capable of representing localized failure of massive structures Part II:identification from tests under heterogeneous stress field[J].Engineering Computations,2009,26(2):128–144.
[3]高敬,杨春和,王贵宾.甘肃北部岩体结构均质区划分方法的探讨[J].岩土力学,2010,31(2):588–592.(GAO Jing,YANG Chun-he,WANG gui-bin.Discussion on zoning method of structural homogeneity of rock mass in Beishan of Gansu province[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(2):588–592.(in Chinese))
[4]KULATILAKE P H S W,PANDA B B.Effect of block size on the hydraulic properties of jointed rock through numerical simulation[C]//Proceedings of the 2nd North American Rock Mechanics Symposium,Montreal.A.A.Balkema,Rotter-dam,1996:1969–1976.
[5]MILLER S M.A Statistical method to evaluate homogeneity of structural populations[J].Math Geol,1983,15(2):317–328.
[6]KULATILAKE P H S W.Analysis of structural homogeneity of rock mass[J].Int J of Engineering Geology,1990,29(4):195–211.
[7]陈剑平,王清,肖树芳,等.岩体结构统计均质区的划分[J].地质灾害与环境保护,1996,7(1):19–24.(CHEN Jian-ping,WANG Qing,XIAO Shu-fang,et al.Evaluation of statistical homogeneity of rock mass structural[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,1996,7(1):19–24.(in Chinese))
[8]KULATILAKE P H S W,FIEDLER R,PANDA B B.Box fractal dimension as a measure of statistical homogeneity of jointed rock masses[J].Engineering Geology,1997,48:217–229.
[9]卢波,葛修润,朱冬林,等.节理岩体表征单元体的分形几何研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(8):1355–1361.(LU Bo,GE Xiu-run,ZHU Dong-lin,et al.Fractal study on the representative elmentary volume[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(8):1355–1361.(in Chinese))
[10]徐向阳.卡方检验在学生成绩差异性分析中的应用[J].常州技术师范学院学报,2001,7(4):13–16.(XU Xiang-yang.Application ofχ2 test in analysing students'score difference[J].Journal of Changzhou Teachers College of Technology,2001,7(4):13–16.(in Chinese))
[11]钱峰.基于卡方检验的国内外知识管理研究热点比较[J].情报杂志,2008(9):56–58.(QIAN Feng.Comparison of the science studies between home and abroad based on chi-square[J].Journal of Information,2008(9):56–58.(in Chinese))
[12]卫超.卡方检验在华北地震前的应用[J].山西地震,2004(4):23–34.(WEI Chao.Preliminary analysis of characteristics of seismic wave recorded at Dongshan Telemetric Station of Taiyuan of Shanxi[J].Earthquake Research in Shanxi,2004(4):23–34.(in Chinese))
[13]潘兴仪.卡方检验在医学科研中的应用[J].广西医学,2001,23(6):1396–1401.(PAN Xing-yi.Application of chi-square test in medical research[J].Guangxi Medical Journal,2001,23(6):1396–1401.(in Chinese))
[14]彭立敏,施成华,吴波,等.高层建筑基础与下部地下洞室相互作用的空间效应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(9):1496–1501.(PENG Li-min,SHI Cheng-hua,WU Bo,et al.Study on spatial action between high building foundation and underground shelter cave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(9):1496–1501.(in Chinese))
[15]侯哲生,韩文峰,李晓.金川二矿区巷道围岩力学参数空间效应数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):64–68.(HOU Zhe-sheng,HAN Wen-feng,LI Xiao.Numerical analysis on spatial effect of mechanical parameter of surrounding rocks in Jinchuan deposit[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(1):64–68.(in Chinese))
[16]汪双杰,陈建兵.青藏高原多年冻土路基温度场公路空间效应的非线性分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(10):1544–1549.(WANG Shuang-jie,CHEN Jian-bing.Nonlinear analysis for dimensional effects of temperature field of highway embankment in permafrost regions on Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(10):1544–1549.(in Chinese))
[17]NIIBORI Y,NAKATA R,TOCHIYAMA O.Evaluation of solute transport through a fracture by considering the spatial distributions of retardation effect in grain scale[J].Journal of Hydrologic Engineering,2009,14(11):1214–1220.
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