煤岩破坏声发射强度长程相关性和多重分形分布研究
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摘要
通过单轴加载煤岩破坏全过程声发射试验,运用多重分形消除趋势波动分析法(MF-DFA),分析了声发射强度序列的长程相关性及多重分形特征,在此基础上研究了不同应力水平下声发射强度序列长程相关指数H的变化趋势。结果表明:声发射强度时间序列内部波动不是完全随机的现象,而是由内在自相似机制决定的长程相关过程,其波动是一个有序的多重分形分布;H的变化与煤岩体的变形破坏过程能够较好的对应,声发射强度H值的"最大—减小"模式可以作为煤岩体失稳事件的前兆,这为利用声发射进行煤岩体稳定性现场监测预报提供了新的理论依据及方法。
Acoustic emission tests of coal-rock specimens under uniaxial compression were carried out;then the long-range correlation and multifractal characteristics of acoustic emission strength sequence were analyzed by multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis method(MF-DFA).On this basis,the trend of long-range correlation exponent H of AE strength sequence with different stress levels was studied.The results show that the inner fluctuation of AE sequence is a well-regulated multifractals,which is rather a long-range correlated process determined by intrinsic self-similar properties and not complete random on time scale.The trend of AE parameter H corresponds well with the process of coal-rock fracture development;the 'maximum-decrescence' model of which can be used as a precursory factor of coal-rock failure.The results provide a theoretical basis and method for monitoring and forecasting coal-rock stable condition based on acoustic emission in site.
Acoustic emission tests of coal-rock specimens under uniaxial compression were carried out;then the long-range correlation and multifractal characteristics of acoustic emission strength sequence were analyzed by multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis method(MF-DFA).On this basis,the trend of long-range correlation exponent H of AE strength sequence with different stress levels was studied.The results show that the inner fluctuation of AE sequence is a well-regulated multifractals,which is rather a long-range correlated process determined by intrinsic self-similar properties and not complete random on time scale.The trend of AE parameter H corresponds well with the process of coal-rock fracture development;the 'maximum-decrescence' model of which can be used as a precursory factor of coal-rock failure.The results provide a theoretical basis and method for monitoring and forecasting coal-rock stable condition based on acoustic emission in site.
引文
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[2]勝山邦久.声发射(AE)技术的应用[M].冯夏庭译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1996.
[3]朱传镇,安镇文,王林瑛,等.地震分形特征及其在地震预测中的意义[J].地震研究,1991,14(1):73-88.ZHU Chuan-zhen,AN Zhen-wen,WANG Lin-ying,et al.Fractal features of earthquakes and its significance in earthquakes prediction[J].Journal of Seismological Research,1991,14(1):73-88.
[4]谢和平.分形-岩石力学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.
[5]高峰,李建军,李肖音,等.岩石声发射特征的分形分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(7):67-69.GAO Feng,LI Jian-jun,LI Xiao-yin,et al.Fractal analysis of the characteristics of acoustic emission of rock[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2005,27(7):67-69.
[6]尹贤刚,李庶林,唐海燕.岩石破坏声发射强度分形特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(19):3512-3516.YIN Xian-gang,LI Shu-lin,TANG Hai-yan.Study on strength fractal features of acoustic emission in proces of rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(19):3512-3516.
[7]赵奎,王更峰,王晓军,等.岩石声发射Kaiser点信号频带能量分布和分形特征研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(11):3082-3088.ZHAO Kui,WAHG Geng-feng,WANG Xiao-jun,et al.Research on energy distributions and fractal characteristics of Kaiser signal of acoustic emission in rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(11):3082-3088.
[8]姜永东,鲜学福,尹光志,等.岩石应力应变全过程的声发射及分形与混沌特征[J].岩土力学,2010,31(8):2413-2418.JIANG Yong-dong,XIAN Xue-fu,YIN Guang-zhi,et al.Acoustic emission,fractal and chaos characters in rock stress-strain procedure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(8):2413-2418.
[9]李元辉,刘建坡,赵兴东,等.岩石破裂过程中的声发射b值及分形特征研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(9):2559-2574.LI Yuan-hui,LIU Jian-po,ZHAO Xing-dong,et al.Study on b-value and fractal dimension of acoustic emission during rock failure process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(9):2559-2574.
[10]纪洪广,王基才,单晓云,等.混凝土材料声发射过程分形特征及其在断裂分析中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(6):801-804.JI Hong-guang,WANG Ji-cai,SHAN Xiao-yun,et al.Fractal characteristics of AE process of concrete material and application to the fracture analyses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(6):801-804.
[11]王恩元,何学秋,刘贞堂.煤岩破裂声发射实验研究及R/S统计分析[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(3):270-273.WANG En-yuan,HE Xue-qiu,LIU Zhen-tang.experimental research and R/S statistic analysis of ae during the fracture of coal or rock[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1999,24(3):270-273.
[12]PENG C K,BULDYREV S V,HAVLIN S,et al.Mosaic organization of DNA nucleotides[J].Physical Review E,1994,49(2):1685-1689.
[13]PENG C K,HAVLIN S,STANLEY H E,et al.Quntification of scaling exponents and crossove phenomena in nonstationary heartbeat timeseries[J].Chaos,1995,5(1):82-87.
[14]IVANOVA K,AUSLOOS M.Application of the detrended fluctuation analysis(DFA)method for describing cloud breaking[J].Physica A,1999,274(1-2):349-354.
[15]TELESCA L,MACCHIATO M.Time-scaling properties of the Umbria-Marche 1997-1998 seismic crisis investigated by the detrended fluctuation analysis of interevent time series[J].Chaos,Solitons and Fractals,2004,19(2):377-385.
[16]TELESCA L,COLANGELO G,LAPENNA V,et al.Fluctuation dynamics in geoelectrical data:an investigation by using multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis[J].Physics Letters A,2004,332(5-6):398-404.
[17]KANTELHARDT J W,ZSCHIEGNER S A,KOSCIELNY-BUNDE E,et al.Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis of nonstationary time series[J].Physica A,2002,316(1-4):87-114.
[18]BUNDE E K,KANTELHARDT J W,BRAUN P,et al.Long-term persistence and multifractality of river runoff records:Detrended fluctuation studies[J].Journal of Hydrology,2006,322:120-137.
[19]刘保县,黄敬林,王泽云,等.单轴压缩煤岩损伤演化及声发射特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增刊1):3234-3238.LIU Bao-xian,HUANG Jing-lin,WANG Ze-yun,et al.Study on damage evolution and acoustic emission character of coal-rock under uniaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(Supp.1):3234-3238.
[20]王恩元,何学秋,李忠辉,等.煤岩电磁辐射技术及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.H1.00.90.80.70.60.50.40.31#试样2#试样3#试样0 20 40 60 80 100(σ/σmax)/%
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