碎石排水层地下结构非自由场液化数值试验分析
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摘要
在浅埋地下结构周围设置碎石排水层,应用FLAC3D作自由场、普通地下结构非自由场、碎石排水层地下结构非自由场液化对比数值试验,研究碎石排水层法液化场液化分布特性,验证碎石排水层方法的抗液化效果,分析碎石排水层非自由液化场结构的动力特性变化。计算结果表明,液化场中地下结构周围设置碎石排水层,结构周围则不会液化,结构远处液化场中的超静水压力显著降低,结构不出现上浮,水平漂移减小。碎石排水层加大了结构与碎石的整体质量和刚度,增加了结构的稳定性。研究成果为地下结构穿越液化土层设计提供理论及试验基础。
The gravel drainage layer was set around underground structure.The numerical liquefaction experiment was separately completed in the free field,the non-free-field and the gravel drainage layer non-free-field using FLAC3D.The liquefaction distributed characteristic of the gravel drainage layer non-free-field was studied.The anti-liquefaction effect of the gravel drainage layer was investigated,and the dynamic characteristic change of underground structures after imposition of a gravel drainage layer in liquefaction field was analyzed.Calculations indicate that the gravel drainage layer around the underground structure was not liquefied,the excess static pore pressure was obviously reduced in the distant liquefaction field,the structure did not float,and the horizontal drift was reduced.As the overall quality and rigidity of the structure with gravel drainage layer increased,the stability of the structure increased.Further research will provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the design of underground structures through the liquefaction soil layer.
The gravel drainage layer was set around underground structure.The numerical liquefaction experiment was separately completed in the free field,the non-free-field and the gravel drainage layer non-free-field using FLAC3D.The liquefaction distributed characteristic of the gravel drainage layer non-free-field was studied.The anti-liquefaction effect of the gravel drainage layer was investigated,and the dynamic characteristic change of underground structures after imposition of a gravel drainage layer in liquefaction field was analyzed.Calculations indicate that the gravel drainage layer around the underground structure was not liquefied,the excess static pore pressure was obviously reduced in the distant liquefaction field,the structure did not float,and the horizontal drift was reduced.As the overall quality and rigidity of the structure with gravel drainage layer increased,the stability of the structure increased.Further research will provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the design of underground structures through the liquefaction soil layer.
引文
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[17]林本海,谢定义.复合地基的液化检验理论及其应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.
[18]陈育民,刘汉龙,邵国建,等.砂土液化及液化后流动特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(9):1408-1413.CHEN Yumin,LIU Hanlong,SHAO Jianguo,et al.Laboratory tests on flow characteristics of liquefied andpost-liquefied sand[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2009,31(9):1408-1413.
[19]陈国兴,左熹,王志华.地铁车站结构近远场地震反应特性振动台试验[J].浙江大学学报,2010,44(10):1955-1959.CHEN Guoxing,ZUO Xi,WANG Zhihua.Shaking ta-ble model test of subway station structure under far fieldand near field ground motion[J].Journal of Zhejiang U-niversity,2010,44(10):1955-1959.
[20]孙超.地铁地下结构抗震性能及分析方法研究[D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所,2009.SUN Chao.Studuy on seismic capability and analysismethod of underground subway structures[D].Herbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China EarthquakeAdministration,2009.
[2]刘光磊,宋二祥,刘华北.可液化地层中地铁隧道地震响应数值模拟及其试验验证[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(12):1815-1822.LIU Guanglei,SONG Erxiang.Numerical modeling ofsubway tunnels in liquefiable soil under earthquakes andverification by centrifuge tests[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2007,29(12):1815-1822.
[3]陈国兴.岩土地震工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[4]刘波,韩彦辉.FLAC原理、实例与应用指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2005.
[5]MARTIN R G,FINN W D L,SEED H B.Fundamentalsof liquefaction under cyclic loading[J].Journal of theGeotechnical Engineering Division,1975,101(5):423-438.
[6]FINN W D L,FUIITA N.Piles in liquefiable soils seis-mic analysis and design issues[J].Soil Dynamics andEarthquake Engineering,2002(22):731-742.
[7]贾超,赵建宇,徐帮树,等.清水隧道围岩软土振动液化研究[J].山东大学学报:工学版,2008,38(1):1-6.JIA Chao,ZHAO Jianyu,XU Bangshu,et al.Researchon rock-soil liquefaction of the qingshui railway tunnel un-der dynamic vibration load[J].Journal of Shandong U-niversity:Engineering Science,2008,38(1):1-6.
[8]郑永来,杨林德,李文艺,等.地下结构抗震[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2007.
[9]孙锐,袁晓铭,李雨润,等.循环荷载下液化对土层水平往返变形的影响[J].西北地震学报.2009,31(1):8-14.SUN Rui,YUAN Xiaoming,LI Yurun,et al.Effect ofliquefaction on cyclic deformation of soil layers[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal.2009,31(1):8-14.
[10]孙锐,袁晓铭.非均等固结下饱和砂土孔压增量简化计算公式[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(9):1021-1025.SUN Rui,YUAN Xiaoming.Simplified incremental for-mula for estimating pore water pressure of saturatedsands under anisotropic consolidation[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(9):1021-1025.
[11]张明.碎石桩复合地基抗液化性能的数值模拟[D].太原:太原理工大学,2010.ZHANG Ming.Numerical simulation of anti-liquefactioncharacteristics of gravel pile composite foundation[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2010.
[12]李立军,牛琪瑛,梁仁旺,等.碎石排水桩抗地震液化的试验研究与理论分析[J].工程力学,2010,27(II),226-232.LI Lijun,NIU Qiying,LIANG Renwang,et al.Experi-mental study and theoretical analysis on drainage gravelpile resistance of earthquake liquefaction engineering me-chanics[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(II):226-232.
[13]徐志英.用砾石排水桩抗地震液化的砂基孔压计算[J].地震工程与工程振动,1992,12(4):88-92.XU Zhiying.Calculat of pore pressure on with graveldrainage piles of sand-based earthquake liquefaction[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1992,12(4):88-92.
[14]郑建国.碎石桩复合地基液化判别方法的探讨[J].工程勘探,1999,26(2):5-7.ZHEN Jianguo.Discussion of gravel pile liquefactiondistinction method[J].Engineering Exploration,1999,26(2):5-7.
[15]黄春霞,张鸿儒.碎石桩复合地基的抗液化特性探讨[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(2):148-154.HUANG Chunxia,Zhang Hongru.Discussion on brokenstone marker compound ground anti-liquefied[J].Jour-nal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(2):148-154.
[16]许明军,方磊.碎石桩处理液化地基抗液化研究现状及存在问题[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2003,23(3):99-104.XU Mingjun,FANG Lei.Situation and problem on bro-ken stone marker processing liquefies the ground anti-Liquefaction research[J].Journal of Disaster Preven-tion and Mitigation Engineering,2003,23(3):99-104.
[17]林本海,谢定义.复合地基的液化检验理论及其应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.
[18]陈育民,刘汉龙,邵国建,等.砂土液化及液化后流动特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(9):1408-1413.CHEN Yumin,LIU Hanlong,SHAO Jianguo,et al.Laboratory tests on flow characteristics of liquefied andpost-liquefied sand[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2009,31(9):1408-1413.
[19]陈国兴,左熹,王志华.地铁车站结构近远场地震反应特性振动台试验[J].浙江大学学报,2010,44(10):1955-1959.CHEN Guoxing,ZUO Xi,WANG Zhihua.Shaking ta-ble model test of subway station structure under far fieldand near field ground motion[J].Journal of Zhejiang U-niversity,2010,44(10):1955-1959.
[20]孙超.地铁地下结构抗震性能及分析方法研究[D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所,2009.SUN Chao.Studuy on seismic capability and analysismethod of underground subway structures[D].Herbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China EarthquakeAdministration,2009.
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