衰竭开采式气藏的四维地震研究方法
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摘要
衰竭开采式气藏在开发过程中通常只是降低储层孔隙压力,产生微弱四维地震效应,制约了四维地震技术在气田开发生产中的应用。针对此难题,本文利用南海A气田两期三维地震资料,进行了四维地震监测试验。通过细致研究模型、精细一致性振幅补偿处理和精心地选取地震参数,发现该区气层在开采5年后,其储层顶面某些振幅类属性减弱5%,显示衰竭式开采气藏存在四维效应,因此可利用四维地震方法监测油气藏开采动态,为油气田开发部署提供依据。
In the depletion exploitation process for the gas field only the reservoir pore pressure was generally decreased,leading to the weak 4D seismic effect,which restricts the application of 4D seismic technology in the exploitation management of the gas field. Regarding the difficult problem,two 3D seismic surveys in large gas field A in South China Sea were utilized to conduct 4D seismic monitoring test. Based on the detailed modeling studies,fine consistent amplitude compensation and careful selection of seismic parameters,it was found that some amplitude attribute for the top of the reservoir decreased 5 percent after 5 years of exploitation,showing the existence of 4D seismic effect for the depletion exploitation gas field. Therefore 4D seismic technique can be used to monitor the production performance of the oil&gas reservoir,and provide basis for oil&gas field development deployment.
In the depletion exploitation process for the gas field only the reservoir pore pressure was generally decreased,leading to the weak 4D seismic effect,which restricts the application of 4D seismic technology in the exploitation management of the gas field. Regarding the difficult problem,two 3D seismic surveys in large gas field A in South China Sea were utilized to conduct 4D seismic monitoring test. Based on the detailed modeling studies,fine consistent amplitude compensation and careful selection of seismic parameters,it was found that some amplitude attribute for the top of the reservoir decreased 5 percent after 5 years of exploitation,showing the existence of 4D seismic effect for the depletion exploitation gas field. Therefore 4D seismic technique can be used to monitor the production performance of the oil&gas reservoir,and provide basis for oil&gas field development deployment.
引文
[1]王新红.四维地震技术研究与应用.北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[2]刘震,王大伟,赵伟等.薄层时移地震差异波形成因类型分析.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(3):290～295
[3]金龙,陈小宏.时移地震互均衡法混合因素处理技术.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(4):400～406
[4]霍进,张新国等.四维地震技术在稠油开采中的应用.石油勘探与开发,2001,28(3):80～82
[5]马连山,于连东等编译.利用三维、四维地震成像优化蒸汽驱效果.特种油气藏,2000,7(3):44～46
[6]Furre A K,Nordby L H,Bakken E et al.Ti me-lapse seismic at the Heidrun Field:advantages of cross-dis-cip-linary work∥2006Offshore Technology Confer-ence,OTC18223
[7]杨寿山译.四维地震数据有助于管理流体界面间有水平井的油藏.国外油气地质信息,2004,89(1):77～79
[8]吕小伟,陈香朋摘译.Valhall油田地震生涯:即时、永久的四维地震.油气地球物理,2005,3(1):61～63
[9]苏中启摘译.4D地震在油藏管理中发挥了巨大作用.世界石油工业,1998,5(1):44～47
[10]严建文.四维地震技术与油藏强化开采.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊1):112～121
[11]Landro M,Stammeijerz J.Quantitative esti mation of compaction and velocity changes using4Di mpedance and travelti me changes.Geophysics,2004,69(4):949～957
[2]刘震,王大伟,赵伟等.薄层时移地震差异波形成因类型分析.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(3):290～295
[3]金龙,陈小宏.时移地震互均衡法混合因素处理技术.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(4):400～406
[4]霍进,张新国等.四维地震技术在稠油开采中的应用.石油勘探与开发,2001,28(3):80～82
[5]马连山,于连东等编译.利用三维、四维地震成像优化蒸汽驱效果.特种油气藏,2000,7(3):44～46
[6]Furre A K,Nordby L H,Bakken E et al.Ti me-lapse seismic at the Heidrun Field:advantages of cross-dis-cip-linary work∥2006Offshore Technology Confer-ence,OTC18223
[7]杨寿山译.四维地震数据有助于管理流体界面间有水平井的油藏.国外油气地质信息,2004,89(1):77～79
[8]吕小伟,陈香朋摘译.Valhall油田地震生涯:即时、永久的四维地震.油气地球物理,2005,3(1):61～63
[9]苏中启摘译.4D地震在油藏管理中发挥了巨大作用.世界石油工业,1998,5(1):44～47
[10]严建文.四维地震技术与油藏强化开采.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊1):112～121
[11]Landro M,Stammeijerz J.Quantitative esti mation of compaction and velocity changes using4Di mpedance and travelti me changes.Geophysics,2004,69(4):949～957
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