含预制裂纹的脆性岩石单轴压缩下渐进性破坏过程的试验研究
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摘要
对含预制裂纹的花岗岩进行单轴压缩试验研究预制裂纹倾角α对脆性岩石渐进性破坏过程的影响。首先对破坏过程的轴向应力-横向应变曲线进行总结和讨论,然后分析预制裂纹与加载方向夹角α对岩石的应力门槛值:裂纹起始应力σci、裂纹扩展应力σcd、峰值强度σf,由应变片记录的应力-应变曲线和试样的表面裂纹扩展情况的影响机制。结果表明,含有预制裂纹的岩石试样进行加载试验过程中,预制裂纹倾角α的变化成了决定脆性岩石破裂方式的主要因素。故在对含节理、裂隙的脆性岩石的工程应用上,通过对岩体的轴向应力-横向应变曲线进行分析,可以对地下开挖工程起到指导设计开挖方式及支护形式的作用。
A series of uniaxial compression experiment on the granite with the pre-existing flaw were carried out to study the influence of the inclining angle α of the pre-existing flaw on the progressive failure of brittle rock.The paper firstly summarized and discussed the axial stress-radial strain curves of progressive failure process,then analyzed the stress thresholds affected by pre-existing flaw and inclining angle α crack initiation stress σci,crack damage stress σcd,peak strength σf;stress-strain curves recorded by the strain gauges and the influence mechanism of surface flaw propagation of rock specimen.The experimental results show that in the loading test process of rock specimen with pre-existing flaw,the difference of inclining angle α is the main factor affecting the rupture pattern of brittle rock.So in the engineering applications of brittle rock with joint and fracture,the analysis on axial stress-radial strain curves can play the guiding role for the designs of underground excavation method and support form.
A series of uniaxial compression experiment on the granite with the pre-existing flaw were carried out to study the influence of the inclining angle α of the pre-existing flaw on the progressive failure of brittle rock.The paper firstly summarized and discussed the axial stress-radial strain curves of progressive failure process,then analyzed the stress thresholds affected by pre-existing flaw and inclining angle α crack initiation stress σci,crack damage stress σcd,peak strength σf;stress-strain curves recorded by the strain gauges and the influence mechanism of surface flaw propagation of rock specimen.The experimental results show that in the loading test process of rock specimen with pre-existing flaw,the difference of inclining angle α is the main factor affecting the rupture pattern of brittle rock.So in the engineering applications of brittle rock with joint and fracture,the analysis on axial stress-radial strain curves can play the guiding role for the designs of underground excavation method and support form.
引文
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[17]唐辉明.节理的断裂力学机制研究进展[J].地质科技情报,1991,10(2):17-26.
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[2]Cook N.G.W.The failure of rock[J].International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Science,1965,(2):389-403.
[3]张晓平.岩石单轴压缩条件下裂纹扩展试验研究——以片状岩石为例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(9):1772-1781.
[4]Martin C D.Seventeenth Canadian geotechnical colloquium-theeffect of cohesion loss and stress path on brittle rock strength[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1997,34(5):698-725.
[5]Martin C D,Chandler N A.The progressive fracture of Lac duBonnet granite[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics andMining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1994,31(6):643-659.
[6]Wawersik W R,Brate W F.Post-Failure Behavior of a Graniteand Diabase[J].Rock Mechanies,1971,(3):61-85.
[7]樊鸿,张盛,王启智.用应变片法确定混凝土动态起裂时间的研究[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(1):153-156.
[8]杨更社,谢定义,张长庆,等.岩石损伤扩展力学特性的CT分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(2):250-253.
[9]李银平,曾静,陈龙珠,等.含预制裂隙大理岩破坏过程声发射特征研究[J].地下空间,2004,24(3):290-293.
[10]刘招伟,李元海.含孔洞岩石单轴压缩下变形破裂规律的实验研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(8):133-139.
[11]滕春凯,尹祥础,李世愚,等.非穿透裂隙平板试件三维破裂的试验研究[J].地球物理学报,1987,30(4):371-378.
[12]尹祥础,李世愚,李红,等.闭合裂隙面间相互作用的试验研究[J].地球物理学报,1988,31(3):307-314.
[13]尚晓吉,张智镇,田智力,等.基于声发射测试的岩爆倾向性预测研究[J].金属矿石,2011,(8):56-59.
[14]Tapponier,Brace W F.Development of stress induced microc-racks in Westerly granite[J].International Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1976,13(4):103-112.
[15]Hudson,J.A.,Brown,E.T.,Fairhurst,C.Shape of the com-plete stress-strain curve for rock[Z].13th U.S.Symposium onRock Mechanics,Urbana,American Society of Civil Engineers.New York,1972.773-795.
[16]奚正志,周占波,陈洪.岩石断裂和损伤的研究现状[J].山西建筑,2008,34(5):173-174.
[17]唐辉明.节理的断裂力学机制研究进展[J].地质科技情报,1991,10(2):17-26.
[18][英]B.K.阿特金森.岩石断裂力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1991.
[19]蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
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