露天采矿爆破振动对民房危害预测的DDA模型及应用
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摘要
针对爆破地震效应评价中诸多因素不确定性问题,应用距离判别分析理论,选用爆破振动幅值、主频率、主频率持续时间、灰缝强度、砖墙面积率、房屋高度、屋盖形式、圈梁构造柱、施工质量、场地条件共10个影响因素作为判别因子,建立露天采矿爆破振动对民房危害预测的距离判别分析模型(DDA);以36组爆破振动实测数据作为学习样本进行训练,建立相应线性判别函数并利用回代估计方法进行回检,用12组现场数据作为预测样本进行测试。研究结果表明:回检误判率为2.78%;距离判别分析模型预测结果与实际结果较吻合,预测精度高,为露天采矿爆破振动对民房危害程度的预测提供了一种新思路。
Due to the uncertain factors in blasting seismic effect of the control and evaluation,the distance discriminating analysis model for prediction of residential house's damage against blasting vibration of open pit mining was established based on the principles of Mahalanobis' distance discriminating analysis(DDA).Ten indexes,i.e.,blasting vibration amplitude,dominant frequency,dominant frequency duration,gray joints intensity,the rate of brick walls,height of housing,roof forms,the structural column of circle beam,the quality of construction and site conditions,were used as blasting vibration prediction of residential house's damage discriminating factors.A DDA model was obtained through training 36 measured data of blasting vibration.The re-substitution method was introduced to verify the stability of DDA model and the DDA model was used to discriminate 12 new samples.The results show that the ratio of mis-discrimination is 2.78%,and the prediction results are identical with actual results.The DDA model has good classifying performance,high predicted accuracy and can be used in practical blast engineering.
Due to the uncertain factors in blasting seismic effect of the control and evaluation,the distance discriminating analysis model for prediction of residential house's damage against blasting vibration of open pit mining was established based on the principles of Mahalanobis' distance discriminating analysis(DDA).Ten indexes,i.e.,blasting vibration amplitude,dominant frequency,dominant frequency duration,gray joints intensity,the rate of brick walls,height of housing,roof forms,the structural column of circle beam,the quality of construction and site conditions,were used as blasting vibration prediction of residential house's damage discriminating factors.A DDA model was obtained through training 36 measured data of blasting vibration.The re-substitution method was introduced to verify the stability of DDA model and the DDA model was used to discriminate 12 new samples.The results show that the ratio of mis-discrimination is 2.78%,and the prediction results are identical with actual results.The DDA model has good classifying performance,high predicted accuracy and can be used in practical blast engineering.
引文
[1]宋光明,史秀志,陈寿如.露天矿边坡爆破振动破坏判据新方法及其应用[J].中南工业大学学报:自然科学版,2000,31(6):485-488.SONG Guang-ming,SHI Xiu-zhi,CHEN Shou-ru.New methodfor determining blasting vibration damage criterion on open-pitslope and its application[J].Journal of Central South Universityof Technology:Natural Science,2000,31(6):485-488.
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[12]中国生,徐国元,熊正明.基于小波变换的爆破地震信号能量分析法的应用研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2006,26(3):222-227.ZHONG Guo-sheng,XU Guo-yuan,XIONG Zheng-ming.Application research of the energy analysis method for blastingseismic signals based on wavelet transform[J].Explosion andShock Waves,2006,26(3):222-227.
[13]宫风强,李夕兵.岩爆发生和烈度分级预测的距离判别方法及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):1012-1018.GONG Feng-qiang,LI Xi-bing.A distance discriminant analysismethod for prediction of possibility and classification ofrockburst and its application[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):1012-1018.
[14]梅长林,范金城.数据分析方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:142-153.MEI Chang-lin,FAN Jin-cheng.Data analysis method[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006:142-153.
[15]周健,史秀志,王怀勇.矿井突水水源识别的距离判别分析模型[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(2):278-282.ZHOU Jian,SHI Xiu-zhi,WANG Huai-yong.Water sourcedetermination of mine inflow based on distance discriminantanalysis model[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(2):278-282.
[16]李永梅,孙国富.砌体房屋的爆破地震破坏机理和模型[J].北京工业大学学报,2001,27(1):61-63.LI Yong-mei,SUN Guo-fu.Blasting earthquake damagemechanisms and mechanic models of masonry[J].Journal ofBeijing Polytechnic University,2001,27(1):61-63.
[17]田运生,田会礼,于亚伦,等.爆破地震波作用下民房破坏分析和破坏特征[J].爆破,2005,22(1):96-98.[TIAN Yun-sheng,TIAN Hui-li,YU Ya-lun,et al.Damagecharacteristics and damage analysis of residential house causedby blasting vibration wave[J].Blasting,2005,22(1):96-98.
[18]史秀志,王怀勇,田建军,等.基于灰关联法的爆破振动对民房破坏致因因素的敏感性分析[J].爆破,2008,25(3):17-21.SHI Xiu-zhi,WANG Huai-yong,TIAN Jian-jun,et al.Sensitivity analysis of factors causing damage of residentialhouses by blasting vibration based on grey associationanalysis[J].Blasting,2008,25(3):17-21.
[19]刘本玉,叶燎原,江见鲸.用模糊人工神经网络方法预测多层砖房震害[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2002,42(6):843-846.LIU Ben-yu,YE Liao-yuan,JIANG Jian-jing.Forecastingseismic damage in multistory masonry buildings with aneuro-fuzzy approach[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science&Technology,2002,42(6):843-846.
[2]Khandelwal M,Singh T N.Evaluation of blast-induced groundvibration predictors[J].Soil Dynamics and EarthquakeEngineering,2007,27(2):116-125.
[3]史秀志.爆破振动信号时频分析与爆破振动预测研究[D].长沙:中南大学资源与安全工程学院,2007:128-149.SHI Xiu-zhi.Study of time and frequency analysis of blastingvibration signal and the prediction of blasting vibrationcharacteristic parameters and damage[D].Changsha:CentralSouth University.School of Resources and Safety Engineering,2007:128-149.
[4]Melih I,Mahmut Y,Hakan A.Prediction of ground vibrationsresulting from the blasting operations in an open-pit mine byadaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system[J].EnvironmentalGeology,2008,56(11):97-107.
[5]Siskind D E,Stagg M S,Kopp J W,et al.Structure response anddamage produced by ground vibration from surface mineblasting[R].USBM Report of Investigation 8507,1980:73-74.
[6]GB 6722-2003.爆破安全规程[S].GB 6722-2003.Safety regulations for blasting[S].
[7]Svinkin M R.Drawbacks of blast vibration regulations[C]//Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference on Explosives andBlasting Technique(VolumeⅡ).ISEE,Cleveland,Ohio,USA,2003:157-168.
[8]言志信,王永和,江平,等.爆破地震测试及建筑结构安全标准研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1908-1909.YAN Zhi-xin,WANG Yong-he,JIANG Ping,et al.Study onmeasurement of blast-induced seism and building safetycriteria[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1908-1909.
[9]Moore A J,Richards A B,Gad E.Structural response of brickveneer houses to blast vibration[C]//Proceedings of the 29thAnnual Conference on Explosives and Blasting Technique.Nashville,Tennessee,United States,2003:223-230.
[10]娄建武,龙源,方向,等.基于反应谱值分析的爆破震动破坏评估研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2003,23(1):41-46.LOU Jian-wu,LONG Yuan,FANG Xiang,et al.Study onblasting vibration damage based on response spectrum[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2003,23(1):41-46.
[11]刘军,吴从师.建筑结构爆破震动响应的时程预测[J].矿冶工程,2000,20(4):20-22.LIU Jun,WU Cong-shi.Predicting time-courses of structuralrespones to blasting vibration[J].Mining and MetallurgicalEngineering,2000,20(4):20-22.
[12]中国生,徐国元,熊正明.基于小波变换的爆破地震信号能量分析法的应用研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2006,26(3):222-227.ZHONG Guo-sheng,XU Guo-yuan,XIONG Zheng-ming.Application research of the energy analysis method for blastingseismic signals based on wavelet transform[J].Explosion andShock Waves,2006,26(3):222-227.
[13]宫风强,李夕兵.岩爆发生和烈度分级预测的距离判别方法及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):1012-1018.GONG Feng-qiang,LI Xi-bing.A distance discriminant analysismethod for prediction of possibility and classification ofrockburst and its application[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):1012-1018.
[14]梅长林,范金城.数据分析方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:142-153.MEI Chang-lin,FAN Jin-cheng.Data analysis method[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006:142-153.
[15]周健,史秀志,王怀勇.矿井突水水源识别的距离判别分析模型[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(2):278-282.ZHOU Jian,SHI Xiu-zhi,WANG Huai-yong.Water sourcedetermination of mine inflow based on distance discriminantanalysis model[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(2):278-282.
[16]李永梅,孙国富.砌体房屋的爆破地震破坏机理和模型[J].北京工业大学学报,2001,27(1):61-63.LI Yong-mei,SUN Guo-fu.Blasting earthquake damagemechanisms and mechanic models of masonry[J].Journal ofBeijing Polytechnic University,2001,27(1):61-63.
[17]田运生,田会礼,于亚伦,等.爆破地震波作用下民房破坏分析和破坏特征[J].爆破,2005,22(1):96-98.[TIAN Yun-sheng,TIAN Hui-li,YU Ya-lun,et al.Damagecharacteristics and damage analysis of residential house causedby blasting vibration wave[J].Blasting,2005,22(1):96-98.
[18]史秀志,王怀勇,田建军,等.基于灰关联法的爆破振动对民房破坏致因因素的敏感性分析[J].爆破,2008,25(3):17-21.SHI Xiu-zhi,WANG Huai-yong,TIAN Jian-jun,et al.Sensitivity analysis of factors causing damage of residentialhouses by blasting vibration based on grey associationanalysis[J].Blasting,2008,25(3):17-21.
[19]刘本玉,叶燎原,江见鲸.用模糊人工神经网络方法预测多层砖房震害[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2002,42(6):843-846.LIU Ben-yu,YE Liao-yuan,JIANG Jian-jing.Forecastingseismic damage in multistory masonry buildings with aneuro-fuzzy approach[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science&Technology,2002,42(6):843-846.
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