露天采矿爆破振动对民房破坏的LS-SVM预测模型
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摘要
利用支持向量机学习原理,研究露天采矿爆破振动对民房破坏的预测问题。选取爆破振动幅值、主频率、主频率持续时间、灰缝强度、砖墙面积率、房屋高度、屋盖形式、圈梁构造柱、施工质量和场地条件作为露天采矿爆破振动对民房破坏的影响因素,以工程实际检测数据为训练样本,建立露天采矿爆破振动对民房破坏的LS-SVM预测模型。利用32组爆破实验数据作为学习样本对支持向量机进行训练,建立相应的预测模型并通过回代估计方法进行回检,误判率为0,用另外12组现场实验数据作为检验样本进行测试,测试结果良好。结果表明,LS-SVM预测方法的误判率低,判别精度高,为露天采矿爆破振动对民房破坏预测提供了一种行之有效的新方法,可以在实际相关工程中展开使用。
Based on the LS-SVM theory,raised its application for prediction residential house's damage against blasting vibration of open pit mining.Ten indexes,i.e.,blasting vibration amplitude,dominant frequency,dominant frequency duration,gray joints intensity,the rate of brick walls,height of housing,roof forms,the structural column of circle beam,the quality of construction and site conditions,were used as blasting vibration prediction of residential house's damage discriminating factors.With the engineering practice test data for the training sample,built the LS-SVM forecasting model of residential house's damage against blasting vibration of open pit mining.A LS-SVM model was obtained through training 32 measured data of blasting vibration.The re-substitution method was introduced to verify the stability of LS-SVM model(false rate was 0)and was used to discriminate 12 new samples,test results was good.The results show that the ratio of mis-discrimination is lower,and the prediction results are identical with actual results.The LS-SVM model has good classifying performance,high predicted accuracy and can be used in practical blast engineering.
Based on the LS-SVM theory,raised its application for prediction residential house's damage against blasting vibration of open pit mining.Ten indexes,i.e.,blasting vibration amplitude,dominant frequency,dominant frequency duration,gray joints intensity,the rate of brick walls,height of housing,roof forms,the structural column of circle beam,the quality of construction and site conditions,were used as blasting vibration prediction of residential house's damage discriminating factors.With the engineering practice test data for the training sample,built the LS-SVM forecasting model of residential house's damage against blasting vibration of open pit mining.A LS-SVM model was obtained through training 32 measured data of blasting vibration.The re-substitution method was introduced to verify the stability of LS-SVM model(false rate was 0)and was used to discriminate 12 new samples,test results was good.The results show that the ratio of mis-discrimination is lower,and the prediction results are identical with actual results.The LS-SVM model has good classifying performance,high predicted accuracy and can be used in practical blast engineering.
引文
[1]史秀志.爆破振动信号时频分析与爆破振动特征参量和危害预测研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2007:25-60.Shi Xiuzhi.Study of time and frequency analysis of blasting vibrationsignal and the Prediction of blasting vibration characteristic Parame-ters and damage[D].Changsha:Central South University,2007:25-60.
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[3]Khandelwal M,Singh T N.Evaluation of blast-induced groundvibra-tion predictors[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2007,27(2):116-125.
[4]张义平,李夕兵,赵国彦,等.基于HHT方法的硐室大爆破震动分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(S1):4784-4787.Zhang Yiping,Li Xibing,Zhao Guoyan,et al.Analysis of chamberblasting vibration based on HHT method[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(S1):4784-4787.
[5]凌同华,李夕兵,陈文胜.基于小波分析的爆破地震效应评估[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(2):124-127.Ling Tonghua,Li Xibing,Chen Wensheng.Evaluation of blast seis-mic effect based on wavelet analsis[J].Journal of Vibration andShock,2007,26(2):124-127.
[6]史秀志,薛剑光,陈寿如.爆破振动信号双线性变换的二次型时频分析[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(12):131-134.Shi Xiuzhi,Xue Jianguang,Chen Shouru.Quadratic time-frequencydisibution analysis of blasting vibration signal based on bilinearthansformation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(12):131-134.
[7]Siskind D E,Stagg M S,Kopp J W,et al.Structure response anddamage produced by ground vibration from surface mine blasting[R].USBM Report of Investigation 8507,1980:73-74.
[8]GB6722-2003.爆破安全规程[S].GB6722-2003.Blasting safety procedures[S].
[9]Svinkin M R.Drawbacks of blast vibration regulations[A].Proceed-ings of the 29th Annual Conference on Explosives and Blasting Tech-nique(VolumeⅡ)[C].ISEE,Cleveland,Ohio,USA,2003:157-168.
[10]言志信,王永和,江平,等.爆破地震测试及建筑结构安全标准研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1908-1909.Yan Zhixin,Wang Yonghe,Jiang Ping,et al.Study on measurementof blast-induced seism and building safety criteria[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1908-1909.
[11]董陇军,李夕兵,赵国彦,等.露天采矿爆破振动对砌体结构破坏效应预测的Fisher判别模型及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):750-756.Dong Longjun,Li Xibing,Zhao Guoyan,et al.Fisher discriminantanalysis model and its application to predicting destructive effect ofmasonry structure under blasting vibration of open-pit mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):750-756.
[12]史秀志,周健,杜坤,等.爆破振动对民房破坏效应预测的BDA模型及应用[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(7):60-65.Shi Xiuzhi,Zhou Jian,Du Kun,et al.BDA model for predicting de-structive effect of blast vibration on housing[J].Journal of Vibra-tion and Shock,2010,29(7):60-65.
[13]史秀志,周健,崔松,等.露天采矿爆破振动对民房危害预测的DDA模型及应用[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(2):441-448.Shi Xiuzhi,Zhou Jian,Cui Song,et al.Distance discriminant analy-sis model and its application for prediction residential house’sdamage against blasting vibration of open pit mining[J].Journal ofCentral South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(2):441-448.
[14]邓乃扬,田英杰.支持向量机——理论、算法与扩展[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:43-62.Deng Naiyang,Tian Yingjie.Support vector machine-theory,algo-rithm and expansion[M].Beijing:Beijing Science Press,2009:43-62.
[15]杜文霞,吕锋,杨俊华.支持向量机在变压器故障诊断中的应用研究[J].自动化仪表,2011,6(32):28-31.Du Wenxia,LüFeng,Yang Junhua.Research on application of sup-port vector machine in fault diagnosis of transformer[J].ProcessAutomation Instrumentation,2011,6(32):28-31.
[16]方科,黄元亮,刘新东.基于自适应PSO算法的LS-SVM牵引变压器绝缘故障诊断模型[J].电力自动化设备,2011,3(31):85-90.Fang Ke,Huang Yuanliang,Liu Xindong.Insulation fault diagnosismodel based on adaptive PSO and LS-SVM for traction transformer[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,3(31):85-90.
[17]邵良杉,张宇.基于小波理论的支持向量机瓦斯涌出量的预测[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(1):104-107.Shao Liangshan,Zhang Yu.Mine gas gushing forecasting based onwavelet theory support vector machine[J].Journal of China CoalSociety,2011,36(1):104-107.
[18]袁志刚,王宏图,胡国忠,等.立井井筒非采动破裂的遗传-支持向量机预测模型[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(3):393-397.Yuan Zhigang,Wang Hongtu,Hu Guozhong,et al.Forecast modelof GA-SVM for shaft-lining non-mining fracture[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2011,36(3):393-397.
[19]曹庆奎,赵斐.基于模糊-支持向量机的煤层底板突水危险性评价[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(4):634-637.Cao Qingkui,Zhao Fei.Risk evaluation of water inrush from coalfloor based on fuzzy-support vector machine[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2011,36(4):634-637.
[20]刘年平,王宏图,袁志刚.急倾斜煤层顶煤可放性识别的支持向量机模型[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(11):1860-1862.Liu Nianping,Wang Hongtu,Yuan Zhigang.Support vector machinemodel for distinguishing the difficulty degree of top-coal caving insteep seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(11):1860-1862.
[21]李永梅,孙国富.砌体房屋的爆破地震破坏机理和模型[J].北京工业大学学报,2001,27(1):61-63.Li Yongmei,Sun Guofu.Blasting earthquake damage mechanismsand mechanic models of masonry[J].Journal of Beijing PolytechnicUniversity,2001,27(1):61-63.
[22]刘本玉,叶燎原,江见鲸.用模糊人工神经网络方法预测多层砖房震害[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2002,42(6):843-846.Liu Benyu,Ye Liaoyuan,Jiang Jianjin.Forecasting seismic damagein multistory masonry buildings with a neuro-fuzzy approach[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2002,42(6):843-846.
[23]田运生,田会礼,于亚伦,等.爆破地震波作用下民房破坏分析和破坏特征[J].爆破,2005,22(1):96-98.Tian Yunsheng,Tian Huili,Yu Yalun,et al.Damage characteristicsand damage analysis of residential house caused by blasting vibra-tion wave[J].Blasting,2005,22(1):96-98.
[24]马庆国.管理统计[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:336-362.Ma Qingguo.Statistics for managers[M].Beijing:Science Press2008:336-362.
[2]宋光明,史秀志,陈寿如.露天矿边坡爆破振动破坏判据新方法及其应用[J].中南工业大学学报,2000,31(6):485-488.Song Guangming,Shi Xiuzhi,Chen Shouru.New method for determi-ning blasting vibration damage criterion on open-pit slope and its ap-plication[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2000,31(6):485-488.
[3]Khandelwal M,Singh T N.Evaluation of blast-induced groundvibra-tion predictors[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2007,27(2):116-125.
[4]张义平,李夕兵,赵国彦,等.基于HHT方法的硐室大爆破震动分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(S1):4784-4787.Zhang Yiping,Li Xibing,Zhao Guoyan,et al.Analysis of chamberblasting vibration based on HHT method[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(S1):4784-4787.
[5]凌同华,李夕兵,陈文胜.基于小波分析的爆破地震效应评估[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(2):124-127.Ling Tonghua,Li Xibing,Chen Wensheng.Evaluation of blast seis-mic effect based on wavelet analsis[J].Journal of Vibration andShock,2007,26(2):124-127.
[6]史秀志,薛剑光,陈寿如.爆破振动信号双线性变换的二次型时频分析[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(12):131-134.Shi Xiuzhi,Xue Jianguang,Chen Shouru.Quadratic time-frequencydisibution analysis of blasting vibration signal based on bilinearthansformation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(12):131-134.
[7]Siskind D E,Stagg M S,Kopp J W,et al.Structure response anddamage produced by ground vibration from surface mine blasting[R].USBM Report of Investigation 8507,1980:73-74.
[8]GB6722-2003.爆破安全规程[S].GB6722-2003.Blasting safety procedures[S].
[9]Svinkin M R.Drawbacks of blast vibration regulations[A].Proceed-ings of the 29th Annual Conference on Explosives and Blasting Tech-nique(VolumeⅡ)[C].ISEE,Cleveland,Ohio,USA,2003:157-168.
[10]言志信,王永和,江平,等.爆破地震测试及建筑结构安全标准研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1908-1909.Yan Zhixin,Wang Yonghe,Jiang Ping,et al.Study on measurementof blast-induced seism and building safety criteria[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1908-1909.
[11]董陇军,李夕兵,赵国彦,等.露天采矿爆破振动对砌体结构破坏效应预测的Fisher判别模型及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):750-756.Dong Longjun,Li Xibing,Zhao Guoyan,et al.Fisher discriminantanalysis model and its application to predicting destructive effect ofmasonry structure under blasting vibration of open-pit mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):750-756.
[12]史秀志,周健,杜坤,等.爆破振动对民房破坏效应预测的BDA模型及应用[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(7):60-65.Shi Xiuzhi,Zhou Jian,Du Kun,et al.BDA model for predicting de-structive effect of blast vibration on housing[J].Journal of Vibra-tion and Shock,2010,29(7):60-65.
[13]史秀志,周健,崔松,等.露天采矿爆破振动对民房危害预测的DDA模型及应用[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(2):441-448.Shi Xiuzhi,Zhou Jian,Cui Song,et al.Distance discriminant analy-sis model and its application for prediction residential house’sdamage against blasting vibration of open pit mining[J].Journal ofCentral South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(2):441-448.
[14]邓乃扬,田英杰.支持向量机——理论、算法与扩展[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:43-62.Deng Naiyang,Tian Yingjie.Support vector machine-theory,algo-rithm and expansion[M].Beijing:Beijing Science Press,2009:43-62.
[15]杜文霞,吕锋,杨俊华.支持向量机在变压器故障诊断中的应用研究[J].自动化仪表,2011,6(32):28-31.Du Wenxia,LüFeng,Yang Junhua.Research on application of sup-port vector machine in fault diagnosis of transformer[J].ProcessAutomation Instrumentation,2011,6(32):28-31.
[16]方科,黄元亮,刘新东.基于自适应PSO算法的LS-SVM牵引变压器绝缘故障诊断模型[J].电力自动化设备,2011,3(31):85-90.Fang Ke,Huang Yuanliang,Liu Xindong.Insulation fault diagnosismodel based on adaptive PSO and LS-SVM for traction transformer[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,3(31):85-90.
[17]邵良杉,张宇.基于小波理论的支持向量机瓦斯涌出量的预测[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(1):104-107.Shao Liangshan,Zhang Yu.Mine gas gushing forecasting based onwavelet theory support vector machine[J].Journal of China CoalSociety,2011,36(1):104-107.
[18]袁志刚,王宏图,胡国忠,等.立井井筒非采动破裂的遗传-支持向量机预测模型[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(3):393-397.Yuan Zhigang,Wang Hongtu,Hu Guozhong,et al.Forecast modelof GA-SVM for shaft-lining non-mining fracture[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2011,36(3):393-397.
[19]曹庆奎,赵斐.基于模糊-支持向量机的煤层底板突水危险性评价[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(4):634-637.Cao Qingkui,Zhao Fei.Risk evaluation of water inrush from coalfloor based on fuzzy-support vector machine[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2011,36(4):634-637.
[20]刘年平,王宏图,袁志刚.急倾斜煤层顶煤可放性识别的支持向量机模型[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(11):1860-1862.Liu Nianping,Wang Hongtu,Yuan Zhigang.Support vector machinemodel for distinguishing the difficulty degree of top-coal caving insteep seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(11):1860-1862.
[21]李永梅,孙国富.砌体房屋的爆破地震破坏机理和模型[J].北京工业大学学报,2001,27(1):61-63.Li Yongmei,Sun Guofu.Blasting earthquake damage mechanismsand mechanic models of masonry[J].Journal of Beijing PolytechnicUniversity,2001,27(1):61-63.
[22]刘本玉,叶燎原,江见鲸.用模糊人工神经网络方法预测多层砖房震害[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2002,42(6):843-846.Liu Benyu,Ye Liaoyuan,Jiang Jianjin.Forecasting seismic damagein multistory masonry buildings with a neuro-fuzzy approach[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2002,42(6):843-846.
[23]田运生,田会礼,于亚伦,等.爆破地震波作用下民房破坏分析和破坏特征[J].爆破,2005,22(1):96-98.Tian Yunsheng,Tian Huili,Yu Yalun,et al.Damage characteristicsand damage analysis of residential house caused by blasting vibra-tion wave[J].Blasting,2005,22(1):96-98.
[24]马庆国.管理统计[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:336-362.Ma Qingguo.Statistics for managers[M].Beijing:Science Press2008:336-362.
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