土质边坡震裂机制物理模拟研究
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摘要
为了研究地震中土质边坡(包括覆盖层边坡)在强震作用下破裂的成因机制,以"5.12"汶川特大地震为背景资料,采用震动台模拟试验进行了研究。模拟试验结果表明:斜坡震裂变形破坏与斜坡外形结构特征具有相关性。坡面转折点应力最易集中,破坏的可能性较大。震动条件下土质边坡完全破坏也具有一般性的规律,即以"一垮到底"的方式堆积于坡脚。本次震裂边坡形成机制研究初步显示了一定规律,但在地震条件下的动力响应问题还需进行更深入研究。
This paper uses the "5·12" Wenchuan earthquake as the background.It attempts to clarify scientifically and rationally the genetic mechanism of ruptures in the soil slope(including the overlay slope)under the dynamic loading of the earthquake.The aspect is examined systematically through vibration machine simulation test which belongs to the physical simulation method.The test results show the deformation and failure under the loading of earthquake have a certain correlation with the slope external structure.Stress mainly concentrated in the slope-shape turning zones,where damage can be made easily.The instability and failure Under the condition of vibration,soil slope show an general instability and failure mode that the slope collapses completely and results its debris piled at the slope toe area.Although this study reveals some regularities,the question about the dynamic response of soil slopes still needs further study.
This paper uses the "5·12" Wenchuan earthquake as the background.It attempts to clarify scientifically and rationally the genetic mechanism of ruptures in the soil slope(including the overlay slope)under the dynamic loading of the earthquake.The aspect is examined systematically through vibration machine simulation test which belongs to the physical simulation method.The test results show the deformation and failure under the loading of earthquake have a certain correlation with the slope external structure.Stress mainly concentrated in the slope-shape turning zones,where damage can be made easily.The instability and failure Under the condition of vibration,soil slope show an general instability and failure mode that the slope collapses completely and results its debris piled at the slope toe area.Although this study reveals some regularities,the question about the dynamic response of soil slopes still needs further study.
引文
[1]黄润秋.“5.12”汶川大地震地质灾害的基本特征及其对灾后重建影响的建议[J].中国地质教育,2008,2:21～24.Huang Runqiu.Characteristics of geological disasters of5.12 Wen-chuan earthquake and recommendation on its impact on reconstruc-tion.Chinese Geological Education.2008,2:21～24.
[2]许向宁.高地震烈度区山体变形破裂机制地质分析与地质力学模拟研究[博士学位论文][D].成都:成都理工大学,2006.Xu Xiangning.Geological Analysis and Geomechanics AnalogStudy of Mountain Deformation-Failure Mechanism in High Earth-quanke-Intensity Area.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technolo-gy,2006.
[3]罗先启,葛修润.滑坡模型试验理论及其应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008.Luo Xianqi,Ge Xiurun.Theory and application of model test onlandslide.Beijing:China WaterPower Press,2008.
[4]徐挺.相似理论与模型试验[M].北京,中国农业机械出版社,1982.Xu Ting.The similarity theory and model test.Beijing:ChineseSociety for Agricultural Machinery Press,1982.
[5]陈建君.复杂山区斜坡的地震动力响应分析[硕士学位论文][D].成都:成都理工大学,2009.Chen Jianjun.The analysis of seismic dynamic response of slopes inmountains with complex geological backgrounds.Chengdu:Cheng-du University of Technology,2009.
[6]许强,陈建军,冯文凯,肖锐铧,左雅娅.斜坡地震响应的物理模拟实验研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(3):266～272.Xu Qiang,Chen Jianjun,Feng Wenkai,Xiao Ruihua,Zuo Yaya.Study of seismic response of slope by physical modeling.Journal ofSichuan University(Engineering Science Edition).2009,41(3):266～272.
[7]王运生,罗永红,吉峰,霍俊杰,吴峻峰,徐洪彪.汶川大地震山地灾害发育的控制因素分析[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):759～763.Wang Yunsheng,Luo Yonghong,Ji Feng,Huo Junjie,Xu Hongbi-ao.Analysis of the controlling factors on geo-hazards in mountain-ous epicenter zones of the wenchuan earthquake.Journal of Engi-neering Geology,2008,16(6):759～763.
[8]冯文凯,许强,黄润秋.斜坡震裂变形力学机制初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增1):3124～3130.Feng Wenkai,Xu Qiang,Huang Runqiu.Preliminary study on me-chanical mechanism of slope earthquake-induced deformation.Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(s1):3124～3130.
[9]张倬元,王士天,王兰生.工程地质分析原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.Zhang Zhuoyuan,Wang Shitian,Wang Lansheng.Principle of Engi-neering Geology Analysis.Beijing:Geological Press,1994.
[2]许向宁.高地震烈度区山体变形破裂机制地质分析与地质力学模拟研究[博士学位论文][D].成都:成都理工大学,2006.Xu Xiangning.Geological Analysis and Geomechanics AnalogStudy of Mountain Deformation-Failure Mechanism in High Earth-quanke-Intensity Area.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technolo-gy,2006.
[3]罗先启,葛修润.滑坡模型试验理论及其应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008.Luo Xianqi,Ge Xiurun.Theory and application of model test onlandslide.Beijing:China WaterPower Press,2008.
[4]徐挺.相似理论与模型试验[M].北京,中国农业机械出版社,1982.Xu Ting.The similarity theory and model test.Beijing:ChineseSociety for Agricultural Machinery Press,1982.
[5]陈建君.复杂山区斜坡的地震动力响应分析[硕士学位论文][D].成都:成都理工大学,2009.Chen Jianjun.The analysis of seismic dynamic response of slopes inmountains with complex geological backgrounds.Chengdu:Cheng-du University of Technology,2009.
[6]许强,陈建军,冯文凯,肖锐铧,左雅娅.斜坡地震响应的物理模拟实验研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(3):266～272.Xu Qiang,Chen Jianjun,Feng Wenkai,Xiao Ruihua,Zuo Yaya.Study of seismic response of slope by physical modeling.Journal ofSichuan University(Engineering Science Edition).2009,41(3):266～272.
[7]王运生,罗永红,吉峰,霍俊杰,吴峻峰,徐洪彪.汶川大地震山地灾害发育的控制因素分析[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):759～763.Wang Yunsheng,Luo Yonghong,Ji Feng,Huo Junjie,Xu Hongbi-ao.Analysis of the controlling factors on geo-hazards in mountain-ous epicenter zones of the wenchuan earthquake.Journal of Engi-neering Geology,2008,16(6):759～763.
[8]冯文凯,许强,黄润秋.斜坡震裂变形力学机制初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增1):3124～3130.Feng Wenkai,Xu Qiang,Huang Runqiu.Preliminary study on me-chanical mechanism of slope earthquake-induced deformation.Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(s1):3124～3130.
[9]张倬元,王士天,王兰生.工程地质分析原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.Zhang Zhuoyuan,Wang Shitian,Wang Lansheng.Principle of Engi-neering Geology Analysis.Beijing:Geological Press,1994.
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