露天铁矿分区爆破振动监测与安全分析
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摘要
对放马峪铁矿三个采矿场分区爆破的振动速度进行了监测,在剔除异常值后得到了106组三向振动的峰值速度,然后对三向振动速度分别进行回归分析。分析结果表明:放马峪铁矿采取的爆破分区方案是安全可行的,符合《爆破安全规程》(GB6722-2003)的规定;爆破振动的三相回归公式中K值较小、α值较大,说明了毫秒延时爆破能够加快地震波的能量耗散,从而起到干扰降振的作用;同一次爆破中,爆破振动速度的垂直向分量不一定总是最大,在评价爆破振动产生的破坏时,不应单一选取爆破振动速度的垂直分量作为评判标准,而应选择建构筑物所处位置振动速度分量中的最大值。
The vibration velocities induced by division blasting in three stopes of Fangmayu iron mine were monitored,totally,106 seismic waves signal data were taken after getting rid of the exceptional value,then the data of three component of blasting velocity were used to make regression analysis respectively.The value of k and α of vertical component,longitude component and transverse component of PPV were all obtained.Based on these,the predictor formulas were established,which can be used to predict the vibration velocity generated by blasting.The analysis results showed that the value of actual monitoring data and predictor data both below the rule of "Blasting Safety Regulations"(GB6722-2003),so the "safety division blasting method" taken by Fangmayu Iron Mine is feasible and safety;the regression values of K are relatively small while the regression values of α are relatively big,which indicate that the millisecond delay blasting can accelerate the energy dissipation of seismic waves,inducing the effect of waveform interference for vibration reduction.The vertical component of blasting velocity is not always the biggest one,so the criterion is not always the vertical component of PPV but the maximum one when predicting whether the constructions will be destroyed by blasting vibration.
The vibration velocities induced by division blasting in three stopes of Fangmayu iron mine were monitored,totally,106 seismic waves signal data were taken after getting rid of the exceptional value,then the data of three component of blasting velocity were used to make regression analysis respectively.The value of k and α of vertical component,longitude component and transverse component of PPV were all obtained.Based on these,the predictor formulas were established,which can be used to predict the vibration velocity generated by blasting.The analysis results showed that the value of actual monitoring data and predictor data both below the rule of "Blasting Safety Regulations"(GB6722-2003),so the "safety division blasting method" taken by Fangmayu Iron Mine is feasible and safety;the regression values of K are relatively small while the regression values of α are relatively big,which indicate that the millisecond delay blasting can accelerate the energy dissipation of seismic waves,inducing the effect of waveform interference for vibration reduction.The vertical component of blasting velocity is not always the biggest one,so the criterion is not always the vertical component of PPV but the maximum one when predicting whether the constructions will be destroyed by blasting vibration.
引文
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[11]陶铁军,蔡建德,张光权,等.未确知测度模型在爆破工程安全评价中的应用[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(12):108-111TAO Tie-jun,CAI Jian-de,ZHANG Guang-quan,etal.Application of unascertained measurement model inthe safety evaluation of blasting engineering[J].Journalof Safety Science and Technology,2011,7(12):108-111
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[13]吴春平.复杂环境下中小型露天矿山爆破安全技术研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2010
[14]李庆利.放马峪铁矿爆破振动预测分析[J].工程爆破,2009,15(1):13-15LI Qing-li.Analysis of blasting vibration forecast atfangmayu iron mine[J].Engineering Blasting,2009,15(1):13-15
[2]魏晓林,郑炳旭.干扰减振控制分析与应用实例[J].工程爆破,2009,15(2):1-6WEI Xiao-lin,ZHENG Bing-xu.Analysis of controlblast-induced vibration&practice[J].Engineering Blas-ting,2009,15(2):1-6
[5]李彬峰.爆破地震效应及其控制措施分析[J].爆破,2003,20(2):83-85
[3]李彬峰.爆破地震效应及其控制措施分析[J].爆破,2003,20(2):83-85LI Bin-feng.Analysis of controlling measurement andblasting vibration effect[J].Blasting,2003,20(2):83-85
[4]Mogi G,Hoshino T,Adachi T,et al.Consideration onlocal blast vibration control by delay blasting.Journal ofJapan Explosive Society,1999,60(5):233-239
[5]郭学彬,张继春,刘泉,等.微差爆破的波形叠加作用分析[J].爆破,2006,23(2):4-8GUO Xue-bin,ZHANG Ji-chun,LIU Quan,et al.Anal-ysis of waveform superimposed action of millisecond blas-ting[J].Blasting,2006,23(2):4-8.
[6]Blair D P.Charge weight scaling laws and the superposi-tion of blast vibration waves[J].Fragblast-InternationalJournal of Blasting and Fragmentation,2004,8(4):221-39
[7]李东阳.复杂环境下的控制爆破安全技术[J].工业安全与环保,2010,36(12):38-40LI Dong-yang.Controlled blasting safety technology incomplex eEnvironment[J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2007,2010,36(12):38-40
[8]Blair D P.Blast vibration control in presence of delayscatter and random?uctuations between blastholes[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Meth-ods in Geomechanics,1993,17(2):95-118
[9]Aldas G G U,Ecevitoglu B.Waveform analysis in miti-gation of blast-induced vibrations[J].Journal of AppliedGeophysics,2008,66(1-2):25-30
[10]凌同华,廖艳程,张胜.岩体爆破震动损伤评估的多元判别分析模型[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(1):322-327LING Tong-hua,LIAO Yan-cheng,ZHANG Sheng.Safety criterion method of rock blasting vibration damni-fication based on multivariant discriminant analysis mod-el[J].Journal of Central South University(Science andTechnology),2010,41(1):322-327
[11]陶铁军,蔡建德,张光权,等.未确知测度模型在爆破工程安全评价中的应用[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(12):108-111TAO Tie-jun,CAI Jian-de,ZHANG Guang-quan,etal.Application of unascertained measurement model inthe safety evaluation of blasting engineering[J].Journalof Safety Science and Technology,2011,7(12):108-111
[12]言志信,王永和,江平,等.爆破地震测试及建筑结构安全标准研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1907-1911YAN Zhi-xin,WANG Yong-he,JIANG Ping,et al.Study on measurement of blast-induced seism and build-ing safety criteria[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1907-1911
[13]吴春平.复杂环境下中小型露天矿山爆破安全技术研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2010
[14]李庆利.放马峪铁矿爆破振动预测分析[J].工程爆破,2009,15(1):13-15LI Qing-li.Analysis of blasting vibration forecast atfangmayu iron mine[J].Engineering Blasting,2009,15(1):13-15
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