城市地下空间开发防灾效益定量化评价研究
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摘要
鉴于目前对城市地下空间开发效益的认识尚不够明确,很多研究只是停留在定性层面上,操作性较差。城市地下空间开发效益分为直接效益和间接效益,间接效益又包括社会效益、环境效益、防灾效益三部分。本文选择城市地下空间的防灾效益作为研究对象,从地震、战争和气象灾害三个方面出发,通过"有无对比法"和"地上地下对比法",提出了城市地下空间开发防灾效益的计算模型,对于城市地下空间开发的决策及开发价值具有很好的参考意义。
Since the benefit from urban underground space development has not been known clearly enough,currently,many researches are at qualitative level with poor operability.The benefit from urban underground space development includes direct and indirect ones.The indirect benefit consists of three parts: social benefit,environmental benefit and disaster-prevention benefit.In this paper,the disaster prevention benefit of urban subsurface space is chosen as research object.From the aspects of earthquake,warfare and meteorology disasters,through the comparison of "ground facility with underground one" method,a model for calculating benefit of urban underground space is presented,which serves as a good reference for decision-making and development of urban underground space.
Since the benefit from urban underground space development has not been known clearly enough,currently,many researches are at qualitative level with poor operability.The benefit from urban underground space development includes direct and indirect ones.The indirect benefit consists of three parts: social benefit,environmental benefit and disaster-prevention benefit.In this paper,the disaster prevention benefit of urban subsurface space is chosen as research object.From the aspects of earthquake,warfare and meteorology disasters,through the comparison of "ground facility with underground one" method,a model for calculating benefit of urban underground space is presented,which serves as a good reference for decision-making and development of urban underground space.
引文
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[2]罗周全,刘望平,刘晓明,等.城市地下空间开发效益分析[J].地下空间与工程学报.2007,3(1):5-9.
[3]崔京浩.灾害的严重性及土木工程在防灾减灾中的重要性[J].工程力学.2006,23(增2):49-77.
[4]张允壮.战争的经济成本与经济承受力研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2007.
[5]许飞琼.中国的灾害损失与保险业的发展[J].江西财经大学学报,2008,(5):35-42.
[6]谢家智.我国自然灾害损失补偿机制研究[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(4):28-32.
[7]刘娟,李永.中国地震损失分布与巨灾债券定量研究[J].财贸研究,2009,20(6):82-88.
[8]中国国家地震局.地震灾害损失评估工作规定[S].1997.
[9]国家标准化管理委员会.地震现场工作第4部分:灾害直接损失评估[S].2005.
[10]重庆市土地房屋管理局.危险房屋鉴定标准(JGJ125-99)[S].2000.
[11]四川省建设工程造价管理总站.四川省房屋建筑抗震加固工程计价定额[S].2011.
[12]钟江荣,林均歧.地震间接经济损失研究[J].自然灾害学报,2003,12(4):88-92.
[13]新华网http://www.xinhuanet.com/.
[14]人民网http://www.people.com.cn/.
[15]Wei Su,Xiaodong Zhang,Zhen Wang,et al.Analyzing disaster-forming environments and the spatialdistribution of flood disasters and snow disasters thatoccurred in China from 1949 to 2000[J].Mathematical and Computer Modelling.2011,54.
[16]J.Nouri,N.Mansouri,M.Abbaspour,A.R.et al.Designing a developed model for assessing the disasterinduced vulnerability value in educational centers[J].Safety Science.2011,49.
[17]Mohamed Hamza,Roger Zetter.Structuraladjustment,urban systems,and disaster vulnerabilityin developing countries[J].Cities.1998,15(4),291-299.
[18]王玉怀,李祥仪.煤矿事故中生命价值经济评价探讨[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(8):28-30,37.
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