利用Mogi模型预测盐岩储气库地表沉降
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摘要
盐岩储气库运营期间腔体体积的蠕变收缩是库区地表持续沉降的主要原因。假设盐腔体积收缩的等效弹性变形引发的地表沉降是实际蠕变沉降的一阶近似量,将盐腔转化为相同埋深、相同体积的球形腔体,并受到均匀向内收缩的弹性等效面力作用,将盐岩储气库地表沉降近似为弹性半无限空间内球型空洞受力收缩导致的边界位移问题。在上述弹性模型的基础上,引入火山地震学中用于预测火山喷发区地表变形的Mogi模型,得到库区地面垂直位移和水平位移的弹性解析解。Mogi模型的优势在于可以直接通过盐腔体积收缩量求得储气库地表位移,并与相同条件下的数值模拟沉降结果有着良好的近似效果,表明Mogi模型在储气库地表沉降预测研究中具有一定的可行性,并给出利用Mogi模型研究盐岩储气库地表沉降的研究方向及建议方法。
The main cause of surface subsidence above salt rock gas storage is the creep contraction of salt cavern volume during operation period.Assuming that the surface subsidence caused by equivalent elastic deformation of cavern volume contraction is a first-order approximate quantity of actual subsidence induced by creep contraction,the salt cavern is transformed as the sphere cavern with the same depth and volume,bearing uniform contractive elastic equivalent surface force.Therefore,the subsidence prediction is similar to the problem of boundary deformation of the sphere cavern with shrinkage force in elastic half infinite space.The Mogi model is introduced to get the elastic analytical solution of the surface vertical and horizontal deformations,which is the most successful method to predict the deformation above volcanoes eruption.The subsidence above the salt rock gas storage could be obtained directly with the volume shrinkage,which is the main superiority of Mogi model;and the prediction result has a good approximate effect to the numerical result under the same condition.It indicates that the Mogi model has enough feasibility in salt cavern subsidence prediction.Finally,the direction and recommendation about the further research are given.
The main cause of surface subsidence above salt rock gas storage is the creep contraction of salt cavern volume during operation period.Assuming that the surface subsidence caused by equivalent elastic deformation of cavern volume contraction is a first-order approximate quantity of actual subsidence induced by creep contraction,the salt cavern is transformed as the sphere cavern with the same depth and volume,bearing uniform contractive elastic equivalent surface force.Therefore,the subsidence prediction is similar to the problem of boundary deformation of the sphere cavern with shrinkage force in elastic half infinite space.The Mogi model is introduced to get the elastic analytical solution of the surface vertical and horizontal deformations,which is the most successful method to predict the deformation above volcanoes eruption.The subsidence above the salt rock gas storage could be obtained directly with the volume shrinkage,which is the main superiority of Mogi model;and the prediction result has a good approximate effect to the numerical result under the same condition.It indicates that the Mogi model has enough feasibility in salt cavern subsidence prediction.Finally,the direction and recommendation about the further research are given.
引文
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[2]BéREST P,BROUARD B.Safety of salt caverns used for under-ground storage[J].Oil and Gas Science and Technology,2003,58(3):361-384.
[3]井文君,杨春和,陈锋,等.基于事故统计分析的盐岩地下油/气储库风险评价[J].岩土力学,2011,32(6):1787-1793.(JINGWenjun,YANG Chunhe,CHEN Feng,et al.Risk assessment of saltcavern oil/gas storage based on accident statistical analysis[J].Rockand Soil Mechanics,2011,32(6):1 787-1 793.(in Chinese))
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[5]BAUER S J.Analysis of subsidence data for the Big Hill Site,Texas(SAND99-1478)[R].Albuquerque:Sandia National Laboratories,1999.
[6]NEAL J T.Prediction of subsidence resulting from creep closure ofsolution-mined caverns in salt domes[C]//Proceedings of the 4thInternational Symposium on Land Subsidence.[S.l.]:LAHS Publ.,1991:225-234.
[7]BAUER S J.Analysis of subsidence data for the West HackberrySite,Louisiana(SAND97-2036)[R].Albuquerque:Sandia NationalLaboratories,1997.
[8]屈丹安,杨春和,任松.金坛盐穴地下储气库地表沉降预测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增1):2705-2711.(QUDan′an,YANG Chunhe,REN Song.Study and prediction of surfacesubsidence of salt rock caverns used for gas storages in Jintan saltmine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(Supp.1):2 705-2 711.(in Chinese))
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[10]任松,姜德义,杨春和,等.岩盐水溶开采沉陷新概率积分三维预测模型研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):133-138.(REN Song,JIANG Deyi,YANG Chunhe,et al.Study on a new probabilityintegral 3D model for forecasting solution mining subsidence of rocksalt[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(1):133-138.(in Chinese))
[11]REITZE A J,TRYLLER H V.Subsidence above cavities—theoreticalprinciples and practical experience[C]//Proceedings of SolutionMining Research Institute(SMRI)Fall 1996 Technical Meeting.Cleveland Ohio,USA:Solution Mining Research Institute(SMRI),1996:1-13.
[12]EICKEMEIER R.A new model to predict subsidence above brinefields[C]//Proceedings of Solution Mining Research Institute(SMRI)Fall 2005 Technical Meeting.Nancy,France:Solution MiningResearch Institute(SMRI),2005:1-20.
[13]王同涛,闫相帧,杨秀娟,等.考虑盐岩蠕变的盐穴储气库地表动态沉降量预测[J].中国科学:技术科学,2011,41(5):687-692.(WANG Tongtao,YAN Xiangzhen,YANG Xiujuan,et al.Dynamicsubsidence prediction of ground surface above salt cavern gas storageconsidering the creep of rock salt[J].Scientia Sinica:Technologica,2011,41(5):687-692.(in Chinese))
[14]YAMAKAWA N.On the strain produced in a semi-infinite elasticsolid by an interior source of stress[J].Journal of the SeismologicalSociety of Japan,1955,8:84-98.
[15]MOGI K.Relation between the eruption of various volcanoes and thedeformation of the ground surface around them[J].Bulletin of theEarthquake Research Institute,1958,36:99-134.
[16]胡亚轩,施行觉,王庆良,等.腾冲火山区地表垂直形变分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(2):37-41.(HU Yaxuan,SHIXingjue,WANG Qingliang,et al.Analysis of vertical deformation inTengchong volvanic area[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(2):37-41.(in Chinese))
[17]李玉锁,修济刚,李继泰,等.火山喷发机制与预报[M].北京:地震出版社,1998:83-84.(LI Yusuo,XIU Jigang,LI Jitai,et al.Volcano eruption mechanism and forecast[M].Beijing:EarthquakePress,1998:83-84.(in Chinese))
[18]陈国浒.长白山天池火山形变监测与模拟研究[硕士学位论文][D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2007:52-57.(CHEN Guhu.Deformation monitoring and simulation research of Mt.ChangbaiTianchi Volcano[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administrations,2007:52-57.(in Chinese))
[19]SCARPA R,TILLING R I.火山监测与减灾[M].刘若新,洪汉净译.北京:地震出版社,2001:285-303.(SCARPAR,TILLING RI.Monitoring and mitigation of volcano hazards[M].Translated byLIU Ruoxin,HONG Hanjing.Beijing:Earthquake Press,2001:285-303.(in Chinese))
[20]LISOWSKI M.Analytical volcano deformation source models[C]//DZURISIN D ed.Volcano Deformation.Berlin:Springer,2006:279-304.
[21]BéREST P,BERGUES J,BROUARD B,et al.A salt cavernabandonment test[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics andMining Sciences,2001,38(3):357-368.
[2]BéREST P,BROUARD B.Safety of salt caverns used for under-ground storage[J].Oil and Gas Science and Technology,2003,58(3):361-384.
[3]井文君,杨春和,陈锋,等.基于事故统计分析的盐岩地下油/气储库风险评价[J].岩土力学,2011,32(6):1787-1793.(JINGWenjun,YANG Chunhe,CHEN Feng,et al.Risk assessment of saltcavern oil/gas storage based on accident statistical analysis[J].Rockand Soil Mechanics,2011,32(6):1 787-1 793.(in Chinese))
[4]BAUER S J.Analysis of subsidence data for the Bryan Mound Site,Texas(SAND99-1739)[R].Albuquerque:Sandia National Laboratories,1999.
[5]BAUER S J.Analysis of subsidence data for the Big Hill Site,Texas(SAND99-1478)[R].Albuquerque:Sandia National Laboratories,1999.
[6]NEAL J T.Prediction of subsidence resulting from creep closure ofsolution-mined caverns in salt domes[C]//Proceedings of the 4thInternational Symposium on Land Subsidence.[S.l.]:LAHS Publ.,1991:225-234.
[7]BAUER S J.Analysis of subsidence data for the West HackberrySite,Louisiana(SAND97-2036)[R].Albuquerque:Sandia NationalLaboratories,1997.
[8]屈丹安,杨春和,任松.金坛盐穴地下储气库地表沉降预测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增1):2705-2711.(QUDan′an,YANG Chunhe,REN Song.Study and prediction of surfacesubsidence of salt rock caverns used for gas storages in Jintan saltmine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(Supp.1):2 705-2 711.(in Chinese))
[9]任松.岩盐水溶开采沉陷机制及预测模型研究[博士学位论文][D].重庆:重庆大学,2005:87-113.(REN Song.Study on themechanism and the prediction model of the subsidence caused byrock salt solution mining[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Chongqing:ChongqingUniversity,2005:87-113.(in Chinese))
[10]任松,姜德义,杨春和,等.岩盐水溶开采沉陷新概率积分三维预测模型研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):133-138.(REN Song,JIANG Deyi,YANG Chunhe,et al.Study on a new probabilityintegral 3D model for forecasting solution mining subsidence of rocksalt[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(1):133-138.(in Chinese))
[11]REITZE A J,TRYLLER H V.Subsidence above cavities—theoreticalprinciples and practical experience[C]//Proceedings of SolutionMining Research Institute(SMRI)Fall 1996 Technical Meeting.Cleveland Ohio,USA:Solution Mining Research Institute(SMRI),1996:1-13.
[12]EICKEMEIER R.A new model to predict subsidence above brinefields[C]//Proceedings of Solution Mining Research Institute(SMRI)Fall 2005 Technical Meeting.Nancy,France:Solution MiningResearch Institute(SMRI),2005:1-20.
[13]王同涛,闫相帧,杨秀娟,等.考虑盐岩蠕变的盐穴储气库地表动态沉降量预测[J].中国科学:技术科学,2011,41(5):687-692.(WANG Tongtao,YAN Xiangzhen,YANG Xiujuan,et al.Dynamicsubsidence prediction of ground surface above salt cavern gas storageconsidering the creep of rock salt[J].Scientia Sinica:Technologica,2011,41(5):687-692.(in Chinese))
[14]YAMAKAWA N.On the strain produced in a semi-infinite elasticsolid by an interior source of stress[J].Journal of the SeismologicalSociety of Japan,1955,8:84-98.
[15]MOGI K.Relation between the eruption of various volcanoes and thedeformation of the ground surface around them[J].Bulletin of theEarthquake Research Institute,1958,36:99-134.
[16]胡亚轩,施行觉,王庆良,等.腾冲火山区地表垂直形变分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(2):37-41.(HU Yaxuan,SHIXingjue,WANG Qingliang,et al.Analysis of vertical deformation inTengchong volvanic area[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(2):37-41.(in Chinese))
[17]李玉锁,修济刚,李继泰,等.火山喷发机制与预报[M].北京:地震出版社,1998:83-84.(LI Yusuo,XIU Jigang,LI Jitai,et al.Volcano eruption mechanism and forecast[M].Beijing:EarthquakePress,1998:83-84.(in Chinese))
[18]陈国浒.长白山天池火山形变监测与模拟研究[硕士学位论文][D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2007:52-57.(CHEN Guhu.Deformation monitoring and simulation research of Mt.ChangbaiTianchi Volcano[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administrations,2007:52-57.(in Chinese))
[19]SCARPA R,TILLING R I.火山监测与减灾[M].刘若新,洪汉净译.北京:地震出版社,2001:285-303.(SCARPAR,TILLING RI.Monitoring and mitigation of volcano hazards[M].Translated byLIU Ruoxin,HONG Hanjing.Beijing:Earthquake Press,2001:285-303.(in Chinese))
[20]LISOWSKI M.Analytical volcano deformation source models[C]//DZURISIN D ed.Volcano Deformation.Berlin:Springer,2006:279-304.
[21]BéREST P,BERGUES J,BROUARD B,et al.A salt cavernabandonment test[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics andMining Sciences,2001,38(3):357-368.
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