单孔爆破振动监测与衰减规律多元线性化回归
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摘要
岩体爆破振动效应与其影响因素之间存在复杂的非线性关系,准确预测爆破振动衰减规律是开展爆破设计与灾害控制的基础。在分析了传统萨道夫斯基公式存在不足的基础上,引入了考虑质点与爆心高程差的萨道夫斯基修正公式,并将其非线性函数关系式线性化,建立了爆破振动衰减规律多元线性数学模型;运用最小二乘法理论推导得到模型中K、α和β三个未知参量,获得了修正的萨道夫斯基爆破振动衰减多元线性化回归公式。针对铜坑矿锌铜矿岩体单孔爆破振动监测数据和工程地质条件,采用所提出的爆破振动衰减规律多元线性化回归公式对监测结果进行分析。研究结果表明,所提出的爆破振动衰减多元线性化回归公式可靠度高,且式中参量表达含义与锌铜矿岩体坚硬特性相吻合,能够为锌铜矿体后期爆破开采设计提供科学指导。
There exist complicated non-linear relations between explosive vibration effect and its affecting factors,and accurate prediction of the attenuation law of blasting vibration is the basis of blasting design and disaster control.Based on the analysis of defects of traditional Sadaovsk formula,a modified Sadaovsk formula(MSF) considering the height deviation between mass point and blast center was introduced.A multiple linear mathematical model for predicting the attenuation law of blasting vibration was established.The unknown parameter vectors(K,α,β) in the model were calculated by using least square method,thus the concrete MSF for accurately predicting the attenuation law of blasting vibration was achieved.The single-hole blasting vibration of the zinc-copper deposit in Tongkeng Mine was monitored and the data were analysed by using the proposed method.The results show that the proposed MSF is reliable,and can provide scientific guide for blasting design in zinc-copper deposit.
There exist complicated non-linear relations between explosive vibration effect and its affecting factors,and accurate prediction of the attenuation law of blasting vibration is the basis of blasting design and disaster control.Based on the analysis of defects of traditional Sadaovsk formula,a modified Sadaovsk formula(MSF) considering the height deviation between mass point and blast center was introduced.A multiple linear mathematical model for predicting the attenuation law of blasting vibration was established.The unknown parameter vectors(K,α,β) in the model were calculated by using least square method,thus the concrete MSF for accurately predicting the attenuation law of blasting vibration was achieved.The single-hole blasting vibration of the zinc-copper deposit in Tongkeng Mine was monitored and the data were analysed by using the proposed method.The results show that the proposed MSF is reliable,and can provide scientific guide for blasting design in zinc-copper deposit.
引文
[1]中国生,房营光,徐国元.基于小波变换的建(构)筑物爆破振动效应评估研究[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(4):121-129.ZHONG Guo-sheng,FANG Ying-guang,XU Guo-yuan.Research on the evalucation of blasting virbation effect ofstructure based on wavelet transform[J].Journal of Vibrationand Shock,2008,27(4):121-129.
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[10]吕涛,石永强,黄诚,等.非线性回归发求解爆破振动速度衰减公式参数[J].岩土力学,2007,28(9):1871-1878.LTao,SHI Yong-qiang,HUANG Cheng,et al.Study onattenuation parameters of blasting vibration by nonlinearregression analysis[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(9):1871-1878.
[11]唐海,李海波,周青春,等.凹形地貌对爆破振动波传播影响的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2008,29(6):1540-1544.TNAG Hai,LI Hai-bo,ZHOU Qing-chun,et al.Numercialsimulation of influence of concave lanform on blastingcibration wave propagation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(6):1540-1544.
[12]谢全民,龙源,钟明寿.小波与分形组合分析技术在爆破振动信号分析中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(12):120-124.XIE Quan-min,LONG Yuan,ZHONG Ming-shou.Blastingvibration signal analysis with wavelet and fractal porfolioanalysis technique[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(12):120-124.
[13]胡刚,吴云龙.爆破地震振动控制的一种方法[J].煤炭技术,2004,23(4):104-105.HU Gang,Wu Yun-long.A new method of the control of theearthquake virbation caused by explosive[J].CoalTechnology,2004,23(4):104-105.
[14]爆破安全规程(GB6722-2003)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[15]谢全敏,夏元友,李新平.龙滩水电站蠕变体边坡的爆破振动控制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1929-1930.XIE Quan-min,XIA Yuan-you,LI Xin-ping.Study onblasting vibration creep mass slop of longtan hydropowerstation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2003,22(11):1929-1930.
[2]范磊,龙源,郭涛,等.基于反应谱理论的爆破振动破坏评标准分析[J].爆破,2010,27(1):5-10.FAN Lei,LONG Yuan,GUO Tao,et al.Harm evaluationstandard analysis of blasting vibration based on responsespectrum theory[J].Blasting,2010,27(1):5-10.
[3]史秀志,薛剑光,陈寿如.爆破振动信号双线性变换的二次型时频分析[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(12):131-134.SHI Xiu-zhi,XUE Jian-guang,CHEN Shou-ru.Quadratictime-frequency distribution analysis of blasting vibration signalbased on bilinear transformation[J].Journal of Vibrationand Shock,2008,27(12):131-134.
[4]凌同华,李夕兵,陈文胜.基于小波分析的爆破地震效应评估[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(2):124-127.LING Tong-hua,LI Xi-bing,CHEN Wen-sheng.Evaluationog blast seismic effect based on wavelet analysis[J].Journalof Vibration and Shock,2007,26(2):124-127.
[5]Dhakal R P,Pan T C.Response characteristics of structuressubjected to blasting-induced ground motion[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2003,28(25):813-823.
[6]张世雄,胡建华,阳生权,等.地下工程爆破振动监测与分析[J].爆破,2001,18(2):49-52.ZHANG Shi-xiong,HU Jian-hua,YANG Sheng-quan,et al.Monitoring and analysis of blasting vibration in undergroundengineering[J].Blasting,2001,18(2):49-52.ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1929-1930.
[7]Adhikari G R,Singh R B,Gupta R N.Structural response toground vibration due to blasting in opencast coal mines[J].Mines,Metal&Fueal,1989(4):135-138.
[8]Moore A J,Richards A B,Gad E.Structural response of brickveneer houses to blast vibration[C]//.Proceedings of the29th Annual Conference on Explosives and BlastingTechnique,USA,2003.
[9]言志信,言浬,江平,等.爆破振动峰值速度预报方法探讨[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(5):179-182.YAN Zhi-xin,YAN Li,JIANG Ping,et al.Predictionmethods for blasting-induced ground vibration velocity[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(5):179-182.
[10]吕涛,石永强,黄诚,等.非线性回归发求解爆破振动速度衰减公式参数[J].岩土力学,2007,28(9):1871-1878.LTao,SHI Yong-qiang,HUANG Cheng,et al.Study onattenuation parameters of blasting vibration by nonlinearregression analysis[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(9):1871-1878.
[11]唐海,李海波,周青春,等.凹形地貌对爆破振动波传播影响的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2008,29(6):1540-1544.TNAG Hai,LI Hai-bo,ZHOU Qing-chun,et al.Numercialsimulation of influence of concave lanform on blastingcibration wave propagation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(6):1540-1544.
[12]谢全民,龙源,钟明寿.小波与分形组合分析技术在爆破振动信号分析中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(12):120-124.XIE Quan-min,LONG Yuan,ZHONG Ming-shou.Blastingvibration signal analysis with wavelet and fractal porfolioanalysis technique[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(12):120-124.
[13]胡刚,吴云龙.爆破地震振动控制的一种方法[J].煤炭技术,2004,23(4):104-105.HU Gang,Wu Yun-long.A new method of the control of theearthquake virbation caused by explosive[J].CoalTechnology,2004,23(4):104-105.
[14]爆破安全规程(GB6722-2003)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[15]谢全敏,夏元友,李新平.龙滩水电站蠕变体边坡的爆破振动控制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1929-1930.XIE Quan-min,XIA Yuan-you,LI Xin-ping.Study onblasting vibration creep mass slop of longtan hydropowerstation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2003,22(11):1929-1930.
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