火力发电厂中速磨煤机振动测试与减振研究
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摘要
为了合理评估火力发电厂中弹簧隔振基础中速磨煤机的振动性态,对5个电厂的8台磨煤机进行了现场振动测试,其中包括1台非隔振基础中速磨煤机。测试基础上、下台板和设备本体的振动位移及加速度。根据实测值评估磨煤机的振动安全性,并分析振动超限的原因。采用ANSYS程序建立磨煤机与基础耦合的有限元分析模型,进行模态分析和谐响应分析,并与现场实测结果进行对比,两者基本一致。进而分析了隔振器数量、基础台座与磨煤机质量比对磨煤机振动的影响,探讨中速磨煤机的减振措施。研究表明:弹簧隔振基础能有效减小磨煤机的振动向外传递;中速磨煤机隔振基础与非隔振基础台板顶面振动位移相近,但非隔振基础的地面振动位移比隔振基础大2～3倍。中速磨煤机弹簧隔振基础振动位移满足规范要求,但设备本体振动位移较大。为了达到良好的隔振效果,建议将中速磨煤机弹簧隔振基础的最大水平振动位移控制为50μm,基础台座与磨煤机的质量比控制为3.0±0.2。
In order to evaluate rationally the vibration performance of medium-speed mill with spring vibration-isolated foundation in thermal power plant,eight mills in five thermal power plants including one mill with non-isolated vibration foundation were tested.The vibration displacement and acceleration of upper and lower bedplates of foundations and equipment bodies were measured.According to the test results the vibration safety of the mills was evaluated and the causes of vibration overrun for mill foundation were analyzed.A mill-foundation coupled finite element model was established using ANSYS,and then modal analysis and harmonic response analysis were performed.The comparison shows that the analysis results are basically in accordance with the test results.The influence of the number of vibration isolators and the ratio of foundation to equipment on the vibration of mill was analyzed.The shock absorption measures of medium-speed mills were discussed.The study shows that the transmission of vibration can be effectively reduced by the spring vibration-isolated foundation.The top surface vibration displacement of the spring vibration-isolated foundation is close to the non-isolated vibration foundation,but the ground vibration displacement of non-isolated vibration foundation is 2-3 times larger than the spring vibration-isolated foundation.The vibration displacement of medium-speed mill with spring vibration-isolated foundation meets the code requirements,but the vibration displacement of equipment body is larger.To get good vibration isolation effect,the maximum horizontal vibration displacement of medium-speed mill with spring vibration-isolated foundation is suggested as 50 μm,and the ratio of foundation to equipment as 3.0±0.2.
In order to evaluate rationally the vibration performance of medium-speed mill with spring vibration-isolated foundation in thermal power plant,eight mills in five thermal power plants including one mill with non-isolated vibration foundation were tested.The vibration displacement and acceleration of upper and lower bedplates of foundations and equipment bodies were measured.According to the test results the vibration safety of the mills was evaluated and the causes of vibration overrun for mill foundation were analyzed.A mill-foundation coupled finite element model was established using ANSYS,and then modal analysis and harmonic response analysis were performed.The comparison shows that the analysis results are basically in accordance with the test results.The influence of the number of vibration isolators and the ratio of foundation to equipment on the vibration of mill was analyzed.The shock absorption measures of medium-speed mills were discussed.The study shows that the transmission of vibration can be effectively reduced by the spring vibration-isolated foundation.The top surface vibration displacement of the spring vibration-isolated foundation is close to the non-isolated vibration foundation,but the ground vibration displacement of non-isolated vibration foundation is 2-3 times larger than the spring vibration-isolated foundation.The vibration displacement of medium-speed mill with spring vibration-isolated foundation meets the code requirements,but the vibration displacement of equipment body is larger.To get good vibration isolation effect,the maximum horizontal vibration displacement of medium-speed mill with spring vibration-isolated foundation is suggested as 50 μm,and the ratio of foundation to equipment as 3.0±0.2.
引文
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[3]George G.Analysis of machine foundation vibration:state of the art[J].International Journal of SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1983,2(1)∶2-42.
[4]GB50040—1996动力机器基础设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1997.(GB50040—1996Codefor design of dynamic machine foundation[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1997.(in Chinese))
[5]GB50463—2008隔振设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2009.(GB50463—2008Code for designof vibration isolation[S].Beijing:China PlanningPress,2009.(in Chinese))
[6]周锡元,阎维明,杨润林.建筑结构的隔震、减振和振动控制[J].建筑结构学报,2002,23(2):2-12.(ZHOU Xiyuan,YAN Weiming,YANG Runlin.Seismic base isolation,energy dissipation and vibrationcontrol of building structures[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2002,23(2):2-12.(in Chinese))
[7]王振宇,刘晶波,裴欲晓,张克峰.大型动力机器基础防微振计算理论与实测研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):363-366.(Wang Zhenyu,Liu Jingbo,Pei Yuxiao,Zhang Kefeng.Theoretical andexperimental study on micro-vibration reduction of largedynamic machine foundation[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2002,24(3):363-366.(inChinese))
[8]徐建.建筑振动工程手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002:82-83.(Xu Jian.Handbook on buildingvibration[M].Beijing:China Architecture&BuildingPress,2002:82-83.(in Chinese))
[9]杨林,常永平,周锡元,闫维明.FPS隔震体系振动台试验与有限元模型对比分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):66-72.(YANG Lin,CHANG Yongping,ZHOU Xiyuan,YAN Weiming.Contrastive analysis ofshaking table test and finite element model on frictionpendulum isolated system[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2008,29(4):66-72.(in Chinese))
[10]Chen Y Q,Soong T T.State of the art review:seismicresponse of secondary systems[J].EngineeringStructure,1988,10(4):218-228.
[11]爱德华L威尔逊.结构静力与动力分析:强调地震工程学的物理方法[M].北京金土木软件技术有限公司,中国建筑标准设计研究院,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006:126-128.(Edward L Wilson.Static and dynamic analysis of structures[M].Translated by Beijing Civil King Software TechnologyCo.,Ltd,China Institute of Building Standard Design&Research.Beijing:China Architecture&BuildingPress,2006:126-128.(in Chinese))
[12]李忠献.工程结构试验理论与技术[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2003:151-156.(Li Zhongxian.Theoryand technique of engineering structure experiments[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,2003:151-156.(in Chinese))
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