广东核电站地应力测量及其应用
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摘要
基于广东省3个核电站厂址区的水压致裂地应力测量结果,获得了各核电站厂址区现今地应力场分布特征,结果表明,各核电站厂址区以水平应力为主导;大亚湾、阳江核电站水平应力值随深度增加而呈线性增大,台山核电站水平应力随深度线性增加不明显;大亚湾、阳江核电站厂址区最大水平主应力方向为NW-NWW,台山核电站为NNW。根据地应力测量结果、相关理论及判据分析认为,大亚湾核电站拟建隧洞长轴方向较不利于隧洞围岩的稳定,台山和阳江核电站拟建隧洞长轴方向利于围岩的稳定和维护;各核电站拟建隧洞横截面形状以水平长轴、垂向短轴且长、短轴比近似于各隧洞截面上侧压力系数的椭圆形为宜;各隧洞在埋深范围内开挖时均没有发生岩爆的可能性。最后,依据Byerlee滑动摩擦准则,探讨了核电站外围现今活动断层的稳定性。
According to the in-situ stress measurement results with the method of hydraulic fracturing measurement at three nuclear power stations in Guangdong province,the distribution characteristics of current in-situ stress state at each nuclear power station are obtained.The results show that the horizontal stresses are dominant at each nuclear power station;and that horizontal principal stresses increases linearity with the depth at Dayawan and Yangjiang nuclear power station,while the phenomenon is not obvious at Taishan nuclear power station;and that the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress is NW-NWW at Dayawan and Yangjiang;however,is NNW at Taishan.Based on the data of stress and the interrelated theories as well as criterions,it is concluded that major axis orientation of tunnels at Dayawan goes against the stabilities of the tunnels;while these are beneficial to tunnels’ stability at Taishan and Yangjiang;and that the favorite shapes of all tunnels’ cross-section are ellipses with horizontal long axis,vertical short axis and long to short axis ration as lateral pressure coefficient;and that the rock burst is not happened during tunnels excavation at different buried depth.Finally,based on the sliding friction criteria of fault,the stabilities of the active faults are discussed.
According to the in-situ stress measurement results with the method of hydraulic fracturing measurement at three nuclear power stations in Guangdong province,the distribution characteristics of current in-situ stress state at each nuclear power station are obtained.The results show that the horizontal stresses are dominant at each nuclear power station;and that horizontal principal stresses increases linearity with the depth at Dayawan and Yangjiang nuclear power station,while the phenomenon is not obvious at Taishan nuclear power station;and that the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress is NW-NWW at Dayawan and Yangjiang;however,is NNW at Taishan.Based on the data of stress and the interrelated theories as well as criterions,it is concluded that major axis orientation of tunnels at Dayawan goes against the stabilities of the tunnels;while these are beneficial to tunnels’ stability at Taishan and Yangjiang;and that the favorite shapes of all tunnels’ cross-section are ellipses with horizontal long axis,vertical short axis and long to short axis ration as lateral pressure coefficient;and that the rock burst is not happened during tunnels excavation at different buried depth.Finally,based on the sliding friction criteria of fault,the stabilities of the active faults are discussed.
引文
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[14]谢富仁,崔效锋,赵建涛,等.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(4):654-662.XIE Fu-ren,CUI Xiao-feng,ZHAO Jian-tao,et al.Regional division of the recent tectonic stress and in China and adjacent areas[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(4):654-662.
[15]康英,杨选,陈杏,等.广东及邻区的应力场反演[J].地震学报,2008,30(1):59-66.KANG Ying,YANG Xuan,CHEN Xing,et al.Inversion of stress field in Guangdong and its adjacent area[J].Acta Seismlogica Sinica,2008,30(1):59-66.
[16]安其美,丁立丰,王海忠.福建周宁水电站水压致裂地应力测量及其应用[J].岩土力学,2004,25(10):1672-1676.AN Qi-mei,DING Li-feng,WANG Hai-zhong.Research of crust stress measurement and its application with hydraulic fracturing in Zhouning Hydropower station of Fujian province[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(10):1672-1676.
[17]刘元坤,罗超文,尹健民.西部地应力测量与岩爆分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(增刊):94-96.LIU Yuan-kun,LUO Chao-wen,YIN Jian-min.Geostress measurement and rock burst analysis in West China[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(Supp.):94-96.
[18]BYERLEE J D.Friction of rocks[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1978,116(4P5):615-626.
[2]胡海涛.广东核电站规划选址区域地壳稳定性分析与评价[M].北京:中国档案出版社,1988:1-20.
[3]国家地震局《中国岩石圈动力学地图集》编委会.中国岩石圈动力学地图集[M].北京:中国地图出版社,1989:45-46.
[4]易明初.广东省核电站地区活动构造分类及其活动特征[J].中国地质科学院地质力学研究所所刊,1985,5:115-125.YI Ming-chu.The classification of active structures in Guangdong nuclear power station area and their moving features[J].Papers of Institute of Geo-mechanics of CAGS,1985,5:115-125.
[5]唐昌韩.广东核电站地区强震构造的特征[J].中国地质科学院562综合大队集刊,1989,7:169-182.TANG Chang-han.The characteristics of strong seismic structure in the site of Guangdong nuclear power station[J].Bulletin of the562Comprehensive Geological Brigade,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,1989,7:169-182.
[6]HAIMSON B C,CORNET F H.ISRM Suggested Methods for rock stress estimation—Part3:Hydraulic fracturing(HF)and/or hydraulic testing of pre-existing fractures(HTPF)[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2003,40:1011-1020.
[7]HOEK E,BROWN E.T.Underground Excavation in Rock[M].London:Institution of Mining and Metallurgy,527.
[8]侯宗仁,刘霆.广东核电站及其外围地区现今地应力状态的讨论[J].中国地质科学院562综合大队集刊,1989,7:139-145.HOU Zong-ren,LIU Ting.Approach to the present stress state in and around Guangdong nuclear power station[J].Bulletin of the562Comprehensive Geological Brigade,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,1989,7:139-145.
[9]张景寿.深圳地应力状态及其区域稳定性评价[J].地球学报,1994,29:17-26.ZHANG Jing-shou.In situ stress state and evaluation of regional stability in Shenzheng[J].Acta Geoscience Sinica,1994,29:17-26.
[10]魏柏林,薛佳谋,秦乃岗,等.阳江地区的震源机制解、发震构造与应力场[J].华南地震,1988,8(1):1-11.WEI Bo-lin,XUE Jia-mou,QIN Nai-gang,et al.Focal mechanisms,seismo-genetic tectonic and tectonic stressfield of Yangjiang in Guangdong Province[J].South China Seismological Journal,1988,8(1):1-11.
[11]郭启良,安其美,赵仕广.水压致裂地应力测量在广州抽水蓄能水电站设计中的应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(6):828-832.GUO Qi-liang,AN Qi-mei,ZHAO Shi-guang.Application of hydraulic fracturing test in the design of Guangzhou pump storage project[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(6):828-832.
[12]李永松,尹健民,刘元坤,等.阳江抽水蓄能水电站地应力场回归分析[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2007,40(4):69-73.LI Yong-song,YIN Jian-min,LIU Yuan-kun,et al.Regression analysis of in situ stress field for Yangjiang pumped storage plant[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2007,40(4):69-73.
[13]林纪曾,梁国昭,赵毅,等.东南沿海地区的震源机制与构造应力场[J].地震学报,1980,2(3):245-257.LIN Ji-zeng,LIANG Guo-zhao,ZHAO Yi,et al.Focal mechanism and tectonic stress field of coastal southeast China[J].Acta Seismlogica Sinica,1980,2(3):245-257.
[14]谢富仁,崔效锋,赵建涛,等.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(4):654-662.XIE Fu-ren,CUI Xiao-feng,ZHAO Jian-tao,et al.Regional division of the recent tectonic stress and in China and adjacent areas[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(4):654-662.
[15]康英,杨选,陈杏,等.广东及邻区的应力场反演[J].地震学报,2008,30(1):59-66.KANG Ying,YANG Xuan,CHEN Xing,et al.Inversion of stress field in Guangdong and its adjacent area[J].Acta Seismlogica Sinica,2008,30(1):59-66.
[16]安其美,丁立丰,王海忠.福建周宁水电站水压致裂地应力测量及其应用[J].岩土力学,2004,25(10):1672-1676.AN Qi-mei,DING Li-feng,WANG Hai-zhong.Research of crust stress measurement and its application with hydraulic fracturing in Zhouning Hydropower station of Fujian province[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(10):1672-1676.
[17]刘元坤,罗超文,尹健民.西部地应力测量与岩爆分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(增刊):94-96.LIU Yuan-kun,LUO Chao-wen,YIN Jian-min.Geostress measurement and rock burst analysis in West China[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(Supp.):94-96.
[18]BYERLEE J D.Friction of rocks[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1978,116(4P5):615-626.
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