多层砌体校舍建筑低阶周期的测试与研究
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摘要
采用脉动法对上海市73栋砖混结构、内框架或部分内框架结构以及砖木结构的多层砌体房屋进行了现场测试和数据采集,测得了每栋房屋的多阶自振频率。对以上实测数据中较可靠的前两阶自振频率进行分析整理,并选取典型实例用有限元法进行计算和比较。利用以上数据进行分析,得到了结构类型、砌筑材料、楼板形式、层数、层高、高度、平面几何形状、高宽比以及长宽比对建筑前两阶自振周期的影响关系,并据此选取对前两阶周期影响较大的几种因素,拟合出考虑多种因素的经验公式,随后提出了实用的简化公式并将这些公式与已有的公式进行了分析比较和实测验证,为砌体结构抗震设计和研究提供了依据。
Natural frequencies of 73 buildings including masonry-concrete buildings,masonry bearing wall and frame buildings and masonry-timber buildings in Shanghai are acquired by pulsating tests.The first two order frequencies of each building are selected and those frequencies of three typical buildings are compared with the results of finite-element analysis.The factors and their influence on the first two order frequencies are discussed.The factors include parameters about structure type,material type,floor-slab type,number of stories,height,average height of each floor,plane shape,height-width ratio and length-width ratio.Considering the major factors,empirical formulas for the first two order of periods are fitted and the simplified formulas are presented.All these formulas and a formula from a reference are compared and verified by tests on some other buildings.This research provides a reference to the research and design of seismic masonry structures.
Natural frequencies of 73 buildings including masonry-concrete buildings,masonry bearing wall and frame buildings and masonry-timber buildings in Shanghai are acquired by pulsating tests.The first two order frequencies of each building are selected and those frequencies of three typical buildings are compared with the results of finite-element analysis.The factors and their influence on the first two order frequencies are discussed.The factors include parameters about structure type,material type,floor-slab type,number of stories,height,average height of each floor,plane shape,height-width ratio and length-width ratio.Considering the major factors,empirical formulas for the first two order of periods are fitted and the simplified formulas are presented.All these formulas and a formula from a reference are compared and verified by tests on some other buildings.This research provides a reference to the research and design of seismic masonry structures.
引文
[1]王广军,王玉朋,陈德彬.建筑自振周期经验公式一些问题的探讨[J].建筑科学,1990,(4):21-27.WANG Guangjun,WANG Yupeng,CHEN Debin.A study on some problems in empirical formulas for estimating structural natural periods[J].Building Science,1990,(4):21-27.(in Chinese)
[2]王广军,樊水荣.建筑自振周期计算方法和实测资料手册[M].北京:中国建筑科学研究院,1988.WANG Guangjun,FAN Shuirong.Manual for buildings natural periods calculation method and the measured data[M].Beijing:China Academy ofBuilding Research,1988.(in Chinese)
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[4]Jaishi,Bijaya,Ren Weixin,Zhouhong,et al.Dynamic and seismic performance of old multi-tiered temples in Nepal[J].Engineering Structures,2003,25(14):1827-1839.
[5]王勇.结构振动信号的采集与处理方法研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.WANG Yong.Research on the acquisition and procession of structural vibration Signal[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.(in Chinese)
[6]钟明,施卫星.基于动力测试的汶川地震后框架结构房屋安全鉴定[C]//第十二届全国振动与噪声高技术及应用学术会议,2008,6:150-155.ZHONG Ming,SHI Weixing.Frame structure building safety appraisal after Wenchuan earthquake based on dynamic test[C]//Proceedings of The21 th national vibration and noise high technology and application academic conference.2008,6:150-155H.(in Chinese)
[7]彭斌,顾祥林.砌体结构地震倒塌过程的仿真程序开发[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(11):120-125.PENG Bin,GU Xianglin.Development of simulation program for earthquake induced collapse of masonry structures[J].Journal of Vibration andShock,2008,27(11):120-125.(in Chinese)
[8]李英民,韩军,刘立平.ANSYS在砌体结构非线性有限元分析中的应用研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2006,28(5):90-96.YI Yingmin,HAN Jun,LIU Liping.Application of ANSYS to finite element analysis for nonlinear masonry structures[J].Journal of ChongqingJianzhu University,2006,28(5):90-96.(in Chinese)
[9]GB50003-2001砌体结构设计规范[S].GB50003-2001 Code for Design of Masonry Structures[S].(in Chinese)
[10]刘桂秋,施楚贤,刘一彪.砌体及砌体材料弹性模量取值的研究[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(4):29-32.LIU Guiqiu,SHI Chuxian,LIU Yibiao.Analyses of the elastic modulus values of masonry[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2008,35(4):29-32.(in Chinese)
[11]GB50009-2001建筑结构荷载规范[S].GB50009-2001Loading Code for Design of Building Structures[S].(in Chinese)
[2]王广军,樊水荣.建筑自振周期计算方法和实测资料手册[M].北京:中国建筑科学研究院,1988.WANG Guangjun,FAN Shuirong.Manual for buildings natural periods calculation method and the measured data[M].Beijing:China Academy ofBuilding Research,1988.(in Chinese)
[3]赵作周,方鄂华.多层大开间少内纵墙住宅结构动力实测及结果分析[J].工程力学,1994,11(3):46-55.ZHAO Zuozhou,FANG Ehua.Vibration test and analysis of two multi-storey RC-masonry mixed structures with less internal longitudinal walls[J].Engineering Mechanics,1994,11(3):46-55.(in Chinese)
[4]Jaishi,Bijaya,Ren Weixin,Zhouhong,et al.Dynamic and seismic performance of old multi-tiered temples in Nepal[J].Engineering Structures,2003,25(14):1827-1839.
[5]王勇.结构振动信号的采集与处理方法研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.WANG Yong.Research on the acquisition and procession of structural vibration Signal[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.(in Chinese)
[6]钟明,施卫星.基于动力测试的汶川地震后框架结构房屋安全鉴定[C]//第十二届全国振动与噪声高技术及应用学术会议,2008,6:150-155.ZHONG Ming,SHI Weixing.Frame structure building safety appraisal after Wenchuan earthquake based on dynamic test[C]//Proceedings of The21 th national vibration and noise high technology and application academic conference.2008,6:150-155H.(in Chinese)
[7]彭斌,顾祥林.砌体结构地震倒塌过程的仿真程序开发[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(11):120-125.PENG Bin,GU Xianglin.Development of simulation program for earthquake induced collapse of masonry structures[J].Journal of Vibration andShock,2008,27(11):120-125.(in Chinese)
[8]李英民,韩军,刘立平.ANSYS在砌体结构非线性有限元分析中的应用研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2006,28(5):90-96.YI Yingmin,HAN Jun,LIU Liping.Application of ANSYS to finite element analysis for nonlinear masonry structures[J].Journal of ChongqingJianzhu University,2006,28(5):90-96.(in Chinese)
[9]GB50003-2001砌体结构设计规范[S].GB50003-2001 Code for Design of Masonry Structures[S].(in Chinese)
[10]刘桂秋,施楚贤,刘一彪.砌体及砌体材料弹性模量取值的研究[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(4):29-32.LIU Guiqiu,SHI Chuxian,LIU Yibiao.Analyses of the elastic modulus values of masonry[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2008,35(4):29-32.(in Chinese)
[11]GB50009-2001建筑结构荷载规范[S].GB50009-2001Loading Code for Design of Building Structures[S].(in Chinese)
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