复杂环境中基坑施工安全风险预警标准
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摘要
当处于紧邻建筑物等复杂环境时,基坑安全预警标准需要能够准确量化关联周围环境的安全性和该工程的经济性。基于风险理论,提出复杂环境中基坑安全风险预警标准设计方法。为确定设计参数,采用概率统计分析得到风险预警指标与周围地层变形的概率关系。采用数值分析方法,研究建筑物与地层的相互作用,得到建筑物变形与风险预警指标的关系。给出建筑物损失分析方法,进而确定该风险预警标准设计方法。该标准能够灵活分析各环境因素不同的复杂组合,涵盖面广,且采用了分级预警机制。可随工程施工进行动态预警标准设计,通过工程实例验证,该预警标准设计方法能够较好地符合工程实际。
When in the vicinity of building or other complex conditions,the excavation safety risk warning standard need to be able to accurately quantify the associated economy and the environment safety of the project. Based on the risk theory,the design method of the excavation safety risk early-warning standard in the complex environment was put forward. To determine the design parameters,the probabilistic characteristics of the relationships between the risk warning indicator and ground deformation were analyzed. The interaction between building and foundation was studied by numerical analysis. Consequently,the relationships between building deformation parameters and risk early warning indicator were confirmed. The analysis method of damage to the building was proposed,and then,the design method of the safety risk early warning standard was determined. This design method is able to flexibly analysis the complex combinations of environmental factors. So it can over a wide range. With the classification warning mechanism,the dynamic early-warning standard can be designed during excavation. Confirmed by the practical engineering,the early-warning standard can more accordant to the engineering practice.
When in the vicinity of building or other complex conditions,the excavation safety risk warning standard need to be able to accurately quantify the associated economy and the environment safety of the project. Based on the risk theory,the design method of the excavation safety risk early-warning standard in the complex environment was put forward. To determine the design parameters,the probabilistic characteristics of the relationships between the risk warning indicator and ground deformation were analyzed. The interaction between building and foundation was studied by numerical analysis. Consequently,the relationships between building deformation parameters and risk early warning indicator were confirmed. The analysis method of damage to the building was proposed,and then,the design method of the safety risk early warning standard was determined. This design method is able to flexibly analysis the complex combinations of environmental factors. So it can over a wide range. With the classification warning mechanism,the dynamic early-warning standard can be designed during excavation. Confirmed by the practical engineering,the early-warning standard can more accordant to the engineering practice.
引文
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[15]杨林德.岩土工程问题的反演理论与工程实践[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:152–155.(YANG Linde.Inverse theory and engineering practice in geotechnical engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,1996:152–155.(in Chinese))
[16]刘怀恒.地下工程位移反分析原理、应用及发展[J].西安矿业学院学报,1988,8(3):1–11.(LIU Huaiheng.Underground engineering back analysis of displacement principle,application and development[J].Journal of Xi'an Mining Institute,1988,8(3):1–11.(in Chinese))
[17]袁金荣,赵福勇.基坑变形预测的时间序列分析[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(6):55–59.(YUAN Jinrong,ZHAO Fuyong.Predicting deformation of foundation pit using ANN[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2001,34(6):55–59.(in Chinese))
[18]高广运,黄诚,孙雨明.遗传BP神经网络在深基坑开挖监测中的应用[J].地下空间,2002,22(4):290–294.(GAO Guangyun,HUANG Cheng,SUN Yuming.Application of genetic algorithm-BP neutral networks in monitoring of deep foundation pit excavation[J].Underground Space,2002,22(4):290–294.(in Chinese))
[19]杨志法,王思敬,冯紫良,等.岩土工程反分析原理及应用[M].北京:地震出版社,2002:125–163.(YANG Zhifa,WANG Sijing,FENG Ziliang,et al.Principle of back analysis and its application to geotechnical engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2002:125–163.(in Chinese))
[20]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.地铁及地下工程建设风险管理指南[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.(Ministry of housing and urban-rural development of the People's Republic of China,Guideline of risk management for construction of subway and underground works[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[21]黄宏伟.上海港国际客运中心西块基坑专题研究报告[R].上海:同济大学,2007.(HUANG Hongwei.Report of excavation engineering in the west area of Shanghai Port International Cruise Terminal[R].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.(in Chinese))
[22]陈龙.城市软土盾构隧道施工期风险分析与评估研究[博士学位论文][D].上海:同济大学,2004.(CHEN Long.Risk analysis and restment of soft soil shield tunnel during construction[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2004.(in Chinese))
[2]CLOUGH G W,REED M W.Measured behavior of braced wall in very soft clay[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1984,110(1):1–19.
[3]WOO S M,MOH Z C.Geotechnical characteristics of soils in Tapei Basin[C]//Proceedings of 10th South Asian Geotechnical Conference,Special Taiwan Session.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1990:51–65.
[4]OU C Y,HSIEH P G,CHIOU D C.Characteristics of ground surface settlement during excavation[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1993,30(5):758–767.
[5]MOORMANN C.Analysis of wall and ground movements due to deep excavations in soft soil based on a new worldwide database[J].Soils and Foundations,2004,44(1):87–98.
[6]ZHU X M.Deflection and settlement induced by propped walls[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Singapore:National University of Singapore,2007.
[7]刘杰.黄土地区地铁车站基坑围护结构变形规律监测与数值模拟研究[博士学位论文][D].西安:西安科技大学,2008.(LIU Jie.Study on the deformation law of retaining structure in subway station foundation-pit in loess area with monitoring and numerical simulation[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2008.(in Chinese))
[8]刘涛.基于数据挖掘的基坑工程安全评估与变形预测研究[博士学位论文][D].上海:同济大学,2007.(LIU Tao.Research on safety analysis and deformation preview of deep excavation by data mining[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.(in Chinese))
[9]徐中华.上海地区支护结构与主体地下结构相结合的深基坑变形性状研究[博士学位论文][D].上海:上海交通大学,2007.(XU Zhonghua.Deformation behavior of deep excavations supported by permanent structure in shanghai soft deposit[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2007.(in Chinese))
[10]徐中华,王卫东.深基坑变形控制指标研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2010,(6):619–626.(XU Zhonghua,WANG Weidong.Deformation control criteria of deep excavations[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2010,(6):619–626.(in Chinese))
[11]陈潇,孙晓鸣,陈俊春.基于主成分分析法的深基坑监测指标研究[J].建筑施工,2011,(11):969–971.(CHEN Xiao,SUN Xiaoming,CHEN Junchun.Study on monitoring indicator of deep foundation pit based on principal component analysis[J].Building Construction,2011,(11):969–971.(in Chinese))
[12]王洪德,秦玉宾,崔铁军,等.深基坑围护结构变形远程监测预警系统[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报:自然科学版,2013,(1):14–18.(WANG Hongde,QIN Yubin,CUI Teijun,et al.Long-distance monitoring and early-waming system for support structure deformation at deep foundation pit[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science,2013,(1):14–18.(in Chinese))
[13]SAKURAI S,TAKEUCHI K.Back analysis of measured displacement of tunnel[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,1983,16(3):173–180.
[14]孙钧,黄伟.岩石力学参数弹塑性反演问题的优化方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1992,11(3):221–229.(SUN Jun,HUANG Wei.An optimization method for the elastoplastic inversion of parameters in rock mechanics[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1992,11(3):221–229.(in Chinese))
[15]杨林德.岩土工程问题的反演理论与工程实践[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:152–155.(YANG Linde.Inverse theory and engineering practice in geotechnical engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,1996:152–155.(in Chinese))
[16]刘怀恒.地下工程位移反分析原理、应用及发展[J].西安矿业学院学报,1988,8(3):1–11.(LIU Huaiheng.Underground engineering back analysis of displacement principle,application and development[J].Journal of Xi'an Mining Institute,1988,8(3):1–11.(in Chinese))
[17]袁金荣,赵福勇.基坑变形预测的时间序列分析[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(6):55–59.(YUAN Jinrong,ZHAO Fuyong.Predicting deformation of foundation pit using ANN[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2001,34(6):55–59.(in Chinese))
[18]高广运,黄诚,孙雨明.遗传BP神经网络在深基坑开挖监测中的应用[J].地下空间,2002,22(4):290–294.(GAO Guangyun,HUANG Cheng,SUN Yuming.Application of genetic algorithm-BP neutral networks in monitoring of deep foundation pit excavation[J].Underground Space,2002,22(4):290–294.(in Chinese))
[19]杨志法,王思敬,冯紫良,等.岩土工程反分析原理及应用[M].北京:地震出版社,2002:125–163.(YANG Zhifa,WANG Sijing,FENG Ziliang,et al.Principle of back analysis and its application to geotechnical engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2002:125–163.(in Chinese))
[20]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.地铁及地下工程建设风险管理指南[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.(Ministry of housing and urban-rural development of the People's Republic of China,Guideline of risk management for construction of subway and underground works[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[21]黄宏伟.上海港国际客运中心西块基坑专题研究报告[R].上海:同济大学,2007.(HUANG Hongwei.Report of excavation engineering in the west area of Shanghai Port International Cruise Terminal[R].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.(in Chinese))
[22]陈龙.城市软土盾构隧道施工期风险分析与评估研究[博士学位论文][D].上海:同济大学,2004.(CHEN Long.Risk analysis and restment of soft soil shield tunnel during construction[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2004.(in Chinese))
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