天然气长输管道通过高填方规划道路区的整治设计
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摘要
通过高填方规划道路区的天然气长输管道,因受路基高填方沉降的影响,会导致管道力学形状发生变化,管道有可能出现局部应力集中,这将严重影响管道的运行安全。对于该类问题目前多采用建设保护涵的方式来解决,但保护涵施工困难,投资高且不满足地方政府道路施工工期的要求。为此,对高填方段管线应力进行分析,提出了整治措施并计算其安全合理性。结果表明,增大管道壁厚是可行的整改方案。进而应用ABAQUS有限元软件,用梁单元模拟管道,将管道上方的回填土视为荷载,管道下方的弹性地基模拟为均匀分布的弹簧,分析了管道的稳定性以及因规划道路高填方不均匀沉降引起的管道应力。通过应力云图可以看出,管道在沉降突变处出现了应力集中现象,如果对该区域的管道不采取合理的整治措施,管道将在运行时出现事故。ABAQUS有限元软件分析结果也表明,高填方区管道因不均匀沉降引起的应力,通过增大管道壁厚的整治方案最为经济、合理。但同时也指出,管线安全运行的根本保障还是避免管线路由敷设于高填方规划区内。
If a long-distance gas pipeline is unavoidably buried under a high filling planned road,the high fill subgrade setting will result in the change of the pipe's mechanical shape and the local stress concentration on the pipe,which will pose threats to the safe operation of the pipeline.Protection culverts are mostly considered to be a solution but with difficulty in construction,a high cost and inability to meet the requirements for the construction duration of the planned road project organized by the local government.In view of this,besides the scheme of increasing the pipe thickness,we analyzed the pipe's stability and the stress on the pipe caused by the uneven high fill setting by using the ABAQUS finite element software package,in which the pipe was simulated by the beam element,the backfill above the pipe by the stress load,and the elastic foundation underneath the pipe by the evenly-distributed spring.From the stress cloud charts,we can see the stress concentration on the pipe where a sudden change occurs in high fill setting;if without any reasonable measures taken,accidents will be inevitable in the end.The analysis results from the ABAQUS also show that the scheme of increasing the pipe thickness will be the most cost-effective and practical way to deal with the stress resulted from the uneven high fill setting above the pipe.To the best of a long-distance pipeline project,we suggest that the pipeline laying route should be avoided through the high hilling planned road as far as possible.
If a long-distance gas pipeline is unavoidably buried under a high filling planned road,the high fill subgrade setting will result in the change of the pipe's mechanical shape and the local stress concentration on the pipe,which will pose threats to the safe operation of the pipeline.Protection culverts are mostly considered to be a solution but with difficulty in construction,a high cost and inability to meet the requirements for the construction duration of the planned road project organized by the local government.In view of this,besides the scheme of increasing the pipe thickness,we analyzed the pipe's stability and the stress on the pipe caused by the uneven high fill setting by using the ABAQUS finite element software package,in which the pipe was simulated by the beam element,the backfill above the pipe by the stress load,and the elastic foundation underneath the pipe by the evenly-distributed spring.From the stress cloud charts,we can see the stress concentration on the pipe where a sudden change occurs in high fill setting;if without any reasonable measures taken,accidents will be inevitable in the end.The analysis results from the ABAQUS also show that the scheme of increasing the pipe thickness will be the most cost-effective and practical way to deal with the stress resulted from the uneven high fill setting above the pipe.To the best of a long-distance pipeline project,we suggest that the pipeline laying route should be avoided through the high hilling planned road as far as possible.
引文
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[9]张有良.最新工程地质手册[M].北京:中国知识出版社,2006.ZHANG Youliang.The new handbook of engineering geology[M].Beijing:Knowledge Publishing House,2006.
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[11]中华人民共和国住房与城乡建设部.GB 50007—2011建筑地基基础设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.GB 50007-2011Code for design of building foundation[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2011.
[12]中华人民共和国住房与城乡建设部.GB 50470—2008油气输送管道线路工程抗震技术规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2009.Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.GB 50470-2008Seismic technical code for oil and gas transmission pipeline engineering[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2009.
[13]刘春光,冯晓波.采用等效弹簧边界分析埋地管线在沉陷情况下的反应[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(6):197-202.LIU Chunguang,FENG Xiaobo.Using equivalent spring boundary to analyze the responses of buried pipeline subjected to ground settlement[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(6):197-202.
[14]赵林,冯启明.埋地管线有限元建模方法研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(4):53-57.ZHAO Lin,FENG Qiming.Study on the finite element modeling method of buried pipeline[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2001,21(4):53-57.
[2]高惠瑛.受场地不均匀沉陷作用的埋地管线反应分析[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,1996.GAO Huiying.Analysis of buried pipeline response by the field of uneven subsidence effect[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,1996.
[3]费康,张建伟.ABAQUS在岩土工程中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2010.FEI Kang,ZHANG Jianwei.Application of ABAQUS in geotechnical engineering[M].China Water&Power Press,2010.
[4]张土乔,李洵,吴小刚.地基差异沉降时管道的纵向力学性状分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2003(7):46-48.ZHANG Tuqiao,LI Xun,WU Xiaogang.Analysis of longitudinal mechanical properties for pipeline during foundation uneven settlement[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2003(7):46-48.
[5]史永霞.埋地管线在沉陷情况下的响应分析[D].大连:大连理工大学,2007.SHI Yongxia.Response analysis for buried pipelines subjected to the settlement[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2007.
[6]中华人民共和国建设部.GB 50251—2003输气管道工程设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2003.Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China.GB 50251-2003Code for design of gas transmission pipeline engineering[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2003.
[7]陈学营,王献庭,邵秋.直埋供热管道的局部稳定性分析[J].区域供热,2003(5):17-20.CHEN Xueying,WANG Xianting,SHAO Qiu.Analysis for local stability of buried heat supply pipelines[J].District Heat Supply,2003(5):17-20.
[8]陈念军,李方柱.土的变形模量和压缩模量[J].武汉大学学报,2010,43(增刊):262-265.CHEN Nianjun,LI Fangzhu.Research on modulus of deformation and modulus of compression[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2010,43(Suppl.):262-265.
[9]张有良.最新工程地质手册[M].北京:中国知识出版社,2006.ZHANG Youliang.The new handbook of engineering geology[M].Beijing:Knowledge Publishing House,2006.
[10]夏正中.地基变形及有效压缩层深度的计算方法[J].岩土工程学报,1984(1):18-31.XIAN Zhengzhong.The calculation method of the foundation deformation and the effective depth of compressed layer[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1984(1):18-31.
[11]中华人民共和国住房与城乡建设部.GB 50007—2011建筑地基基础设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.GB 50007-2011Code for design of building foundation[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2011.
[12]中华人民共和国住房与城乡建设部.GB 50470—2008油气输送管道线路工程抗震技术规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2009.Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.GB 50470-2008Seismic technical code for oil and gas transmission pipeline engineering[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2009.
[13]刘春光,冯晓波.采用等效弹簧边界分析埋地管线在沉陷情况下的反应[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(6):197-202.LIU Chunguang,FENG Xiaobo.Using equivalent spring boundary to analyze the responses of buried pipeline subjected to ground settlement[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(6):197-202.
[14]赵林,冯启明.埋地管线有限元建模方法研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(4):53-57.ZHAO Lin,FENG Qiming.Study on the finite element modeling method of buried pipeline[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2001,21(4):53-57.
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