爆破振动特征参量预测的非线性模型及应用
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摘要
选取最大段药量、总药量、水平距离、高差、前排抵抗线、预裂缝穿透率、完整性系数、测点与最小抵抗线方向夹角、炸药爆速9个因素为判别指标,基于非线性分析方法支持向量机理论建立了预测爆破振动幅值、主频率、主频率持续时间等的爆破振动特征参量预测模型。将该方法应用到大冶有色铜绿山矿露天采场爆破振动对砌体结构破坏效应预测问题中,对现场实测的93组数据进行训练和检验,用另外15组现场数据作为预测样本进行测试,预测结果与实测情况吻合较好。研究表明,该方法回判估计的误判率低,判别性能良好,是爆破振动对砌体结构破坏效应预测的一种有效新方法,可以在实际工程中进行推广应用。
With some factors,including charge weight of the largest section,total weight of explosive,horizontal distance,elevation difference,front-row burden,the penetration of pre-shear,integrity coefficient of rock mass,the angle between reporting point and the minimum burden,and velocity of denotation,as discriminant indexes,a model has been established,based on nonlinear analysis of support vector machine,for predicting characteristic parameters of blasting vibration,such as blasting vibration amplitude,dominant frequency and duration. This prediction model was applied in the Tonglvshan Mine in Daye,for predicting the damage of vibration to the masonry structure due to blasting in open-pit mine. With 93 groups of in-situ measurement taken as training sets,another 15 groups of in-situ data as samples for prediction,it was found that the prediction results were in consistent with practical measurement. It is concluded that the proposed prediction model,as an effective tool with lower error rate in prediction,can find a wide application in practical engineering project.
With some factors,including charge weight of the largest section,total weight of explosive,horizontal distance,elevation difference,front-row burden,the penetration of pre-shear,integrity coefficient of rock mass,the angle between reporting point and the minimum burden,and velocity of denotation,as discriminant indexes,a model has been established,based on nonlinear analysis of support vector machine,for predicting characteristic parameters of blasting vibration,such as blasting vibration amplitude,dominant frequency and duration. This prediction model was applied in the Tonglvshan Mine in Daye,for predicting the damage of vibration to the masonry structure due to blasting in open-pit mine. With 93 groups of in-situ measurement taken as training sets,another 15 groups of in-situ data as samples for prediction,it was found that the prediction results were in consistent with practical measurement. It is concluded that the proposed prediction model,as an effective tool with lower error rate in prediction,can find a wide application in practical engineering project.
引文
[1]张世雄,杨明亮,尹家国,等.预测爆破波振动强度的经验公式及其在采矿中的应用[J].爆破,2000,17(3):13-17.
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[3]姚尧.爆震的放大效应与二元回归分析[J].爆破,1992,9(4):4-8.
[4]卢文波,Hustrulid.W质点峰值振动速度衰减公式的改进[J].工程爆破,2002,8(3):1-4.
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[6]叶洲元,马建军,蔡路军,等.利用振动监测数据优化预测爆破质点振动速度[J].矿业研究与开发,2003,23(4):47-51.
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[10]徐全军,张庆明,恽寿榕.爆破地震峰值的神经网络预报模型[J].北京理工大学学报,1998,18(4):472-475.
[11]Singh T N,Virendra Singh.An intelligent approach to prediction and control ground vibration in mines[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2005,23:249-262.
[12]史秀志.爆破振动信号时频分析与爆破振动特征参量和危害预测研究[D].长沙:中南大学资源与安全工程学院,2007.
[13]董陇军,李夕兵,赵国彦.露天采矿爆破振动对砌体结构破坏效应预测的Fisher判别模型及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):750-756.
[14]Adam M,von Estorf O.Reduction of train-induced building vibrations by using open and filled trenches[J].Computer Struc,2005,83:11-24.
[15]Prakash A J,Palroy P,Misra D D.Analysis of blast vibration characteristics across a trench and pre-split plane[J].Fragblast,2004,8(1):51-60.
[16]Erarslan K,Uysal O,Arpaz E.Barrier holes and trench application to reduce blast induced vibration in Seyitomer coal mine[J].Environmental Geology,2007,54:1325-1331.
[18]Uysal O,Erarslan K,Cebi M A,et al.Effect of barrier holes on blast induced vibration[J].Int J Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2008,45:712-719.
[19]Roy M P,Singh P K,Singh G,et al.Influence of initiation mode of explosives[J].Mining Technology,IMM Transactions Section A,2007,116(1):1-6.
[20]Uysal O,Arpaz E,Berber M.Studies on the Effect of Burden Width on Blast-Induced Vibration in open-pit mines[J].Environmental Geology,2007,53:643-650.
[21]Burge C J C.A tutorial on support vector machines for pattern recognition[J].Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery,1998(2):121-167.
[2]张继春,彭琼芳.岩体爆破地震波衰减规律的现场试验与分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2001,20(4):399-401.
[3]姚尧.爆震的放大效应与二元回归分析[J].爆破,1992,9(4):4-8.
[4]卢文波,Hustrulid.W质点峰值振动速度衰减公式的改进[J].工程爆破,2002,8(3):1-4.
[5]蔡德所,胡铁松,张继春.基于前馈网络的岩体爆破效应预测研究[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(1):43-49.
[6]叶洲元,马建军,蔡路军,等.利用振动监测数据优化预测爆破质点振动速度[J].矿业研究与开发,2003,23(4):47-51.
[7]周志华,张金山,刘勤.基于人工神经网络的爆破振动速度峰值的预报[J].包头钢铁学院学报,2003,22(1):8-10.
[8]夏梦会,董香山,张力民,等.神经网络模型在爆破振动强度预测中的应用研究[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2004,56(3):25-27.
[9]王进学,郭勇,曲文峰.神经网络法预测爆破振动速度初探[J].有色矿冶,2003,19(1):13-16.
[10]徐全军,张庆明,恽寿榕.爆破地震峰值的神经网络预报模型[J].北京理工大学学报,1998,18(4):472-475.
[11]Singh T N,Virendra Singh.An intelligent approach to prediction and control ground vibration in mines[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2005,23:249-262.
[12]史秀志.爆破振动信号时频分析与爆破振动特征参量和危害预测研究[D].长沙:中南大学资源与安全工程学院,2007.
[13]董陇军,李夕兵,赵国彦.露天采矿爆破振动对砌体结构破坏效应预测的Fisher判别模型及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):750-756.
[14]Adam M,von Estorf O.Reduction of train-induced building vibrations by using open and filled trenches[J].Computer Struc,2005,83:11-24.
[15]Prakash A J,Palroy P,Misra D D.Analysis of blast vibration characteristics across a trench and pre-split plane[J].Fragblast,2004,8(1):51-60.
[16]Erarslan K,Uysal O,Arpaz E.Barrier holes and trench application to reduce blast induced vibration in Seyitomer coal mine[J].Environmental Geology,2007,54:1325-1331.
[18]Uysal O,Erarslan K,Cebi M A,et al.Effect of barrier holes on blast induced vibration[J].Int J Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2008,45:712-719.
[19]Roy M P,Singh P K,Singh G,et al.Influence of initiation mode of explosives[J].Mining Technology,IMM Transactions Section A,2007,116(1):1-6.
[20]Uysal O,Arpaz E,Berber M.Studies on the Effect of Burden Width on Blast-Induced Vibration in open-pit mines[J].Environmental Geology,2007,53:643-650.
[21]Burge C J C.A tutorial on support vector machines for pattern recognition[J].Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery,1998(2):121-167.
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