基于全寿命费用的建筑物抗震性能评估
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摘要
文中提出一种基于全寿命费用的建筑物抗震性能指标,将建筑物的抗震性能表示为震后预期损失与建筑物全寿命费用的函数,用抗震性能系数和建筑遭遇地震烈度,将建筑物的抗震能力划分为4个等级。为简化震后损失的计算,建立震害预测的BP神经网络模型,将求解结构的条件失效概率问题转化为给定地震下的破坏状态判定,再根据震后损失的历史资料,得到结构的全寿命费用和震后预期损失。分别选取一栋砖混结构和钢筋混凝土框架结构进行抗震性能评估。结果表明,文中提出的方法评估结果比较准确,便于业主直接进行建筑物加固和维修决策。
This paper proposes a building seismic performance index based on life-cycle cost. This building seismic performance index is expressed as the function of the expected loss after-earthquake and the total cost. According to the building seismic performance index and the encountering earthquake intensity, the seismic capacity of buildings is defined as 4 ranks. To simplify calculation of loss afterearthquake, we obtain two BP neural networks models to predict damage states of buildings. With this methodology, the problem about getting the conditional failure probability of building in the earthquake changes into obtaining the damage states of the building. Then, on basis of the loss after-earthquake statistical data, the expected loss after-earthquake and the total cost are obtained. A masonry building and a RC frame building are selected to assess the seismic performance of building. The assessment result with the method is accurate and is easy the decision maintenance and reinforcement of buildings.
This paper proposes a building seismic performance index based on life-cycle cost. This building seismic performance index is expressed as the function of the expected loss after-earthquake and the total cost. According to the building seismic performance index and the encountering earthquake intensity, the seismic capacity of buildings is defined as 4 ranks. To simplify calculation of loss afterearthquake, we obtain two BP neural networks models to predict damage states of buildings. With this methodology, the problem about getting the conditional failure probability of building in the earthquake changes into obtaining the damage states of the building. Then, on basis of the loss after-earthquake statistical data, the expected loss after-earthquake and the total cost are obtained. A masonry building and a RC frame building are selected to assess the seismic performance of building. The assessment result with the method is accurate and is easy the decision maintenance and reinforcement of buildings.
引文
[1]GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010(GB 50011—2010 Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010(in Chinese))
[2]FEMA-356 Prestandard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings[S].Washington,DC:Federal Emergency Management Agency,2000
[3]GB 50023—2009建筑抗震鉴定标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009(GB 50023—2009 Standard for seismic appraisal of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009(in Chinese))
[4]Ang A H S,Lee J C.Cost optimal design of R/C buildings[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2001,73(3):233-238
[5]党育.复杂隔震结构的分析及软件实现[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2011:114(Dang Yu.Analysis of complex isolated buildings and software implementation[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2011:114(in Chinese))
[6]刘承昊.基于全寿命费用的中小学校舍抗震性能评估[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2013:47(Liu Chenghao.Seismic performance assessment of primary and secondary school buildings based on life-cycle cost[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology,2013:47(in Chinese))
[7]刘莉.城市防震减灾能力标定及和可接受风险研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2009:75(Liu Li.Calibration capability of the urban seismic prevention and disaster mitigation&research on acceptable risk level[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2009:75(in Chinese))
[8]高小旺,鲍霭斌.地震作用的概率模型及其统计参数[J].地震工程与工程振动,1985,5(1):13-22(Gao Xiaowang,Bao Aibin.Probabilistic model and its statistical parameters for seismic load[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1985,5(1):13-22(in Chinese))
[9]卜良桃,陈军,黎红兵.钢筋混凝土框架结构房屋震害特征、加固及抗震措施[J].四川建筑科学研究,2011,37(2):95-98(Bu Liangtao,Chen Jun,Li Hongbing.Seismic analysis,reinforcement and anti-seismic measures on reinforced concrete frame structure housing[J].Sichuan Building Science,2011,37(2):95-98(in Chinese))
[10]霍林生,李宏男,肖诗云,等.汶川地震钢筋混凝土框架结构震害调查与启示[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(5):718-723(Huo Linsheng,Li Hongnan,Xiao Shiyun,at el.Earthquake damage investigation and analysis of reinforced concrete frame structures in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2009,49(5):718-723(in Chinese))
[11]孙柏涛,周强,杨玉成.乡镇中小学校舍抗震抗倒安居安学设防目标——汶川地震北川擂鼓镇中小学校舍震害原因探究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(2):1-10(Sun Baitao,Zhou Qiang,Yang Yucheng.Seismic fortification objects of rural primary and middle schools:the damage cause study for primary and middle school buildings of Leigu Town,Beichuan County in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2011,31(2):1-10(in Chinese))
[2]FEMA-356 Prestandard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings[S].Washington,DC:Federal Emergency Management Agency,2000
[3]GB 50023—2009建筑抗震鉴定标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009(GB 50023—2009 Standard for seismic appraisal of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009(in Chinese))
[4]Ang A H S,Lee J C.Cost optimal design of R/C buildings[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2001,73(3):233-238
[5]党育.复杂隔震结构的分析及软件实现[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2011:114(Dang Yu.Analysis of complex isolated buildings and software implementation[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2011:114(in Chinese))
[6]刘承昊.基于全寿命费用的中小学校舍抗震性能评估[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2013:47(Liu Chenghao.Seismic performance assessment of primary and secondary school buildings based on life-cycle cost[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology,2013:47(in Chinese))
[7]刘莉.城市防震减灾能力标定及和可接受风险研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2009:75(Liu Li.Calibration capability of the urban seismic prevention and disaster mitigation&research on acceptable risk level[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2009:75(in Chinese))
[8]高小旺,鲍霭斌.地震作用的概率模型及其统计参数[J].地震工程与工程振动,1985,5(1):13-22(Gao Xiaowang,Bao Aibin.Probabilistic model and its statistical parameters for seismic load[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1985,5(1):13-22(in Chinese))
[9]卜良桃,陈军,黎红兵.钢筋混凝土框架结构房屋震害特征、加固及抗震措施[J].四川建筑科学研究,2011,37(2):95-98(Bu Liangtao,Chen Jun,Li Hongbing.Seismic analysis,reinforcement and anti-seismic measures on reinforced concrete frame structure housing[J].Sichuan Building Science,2011,37(2):95-98(in Chinese))
[10]霍林生,李宏男,肖诗云,等.汶川地震钢筋混凝土框架结构震害调查与启示[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(5):718-723(Huo Linsheng,Li Hongnan,Xiao Shiyun,at el.Earthquake damage investigation and analysis of reinforced concrete frame structures in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2009,49(5):718-723(in Chinese))
[11]孙柏涛,周强,杨玉成.乡镇中小学校舍抗震抗倒安居安学设防目标——汶川地震北川擂鼓镇中小学校舍震害原因探究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(2):1-10(Sun Baitao,Zhou Qiang,Yang Yucheng.Seismic fortification objects of rural primary and middle schools:the damage cause study for primary and middle school buildings of Leigu Town,Beichuan County in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2011,31(2):1-10(in Chinese))
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