瀑布沟水库区域小震重新定位与地震性质研究
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摘要
利用双差定位法对瀑布沟水库及邻区1834次小震进行了重新定位,并对距水库水域最近的2个小震集中区的地震性质进行了分析。重新定位后得到1708次小震结果,定位残差由原来的0.93s降为0.21s,水平向估算误差平均为0.6km,垂直向估算误差平均为2.9km;平面空间分布显示,重新定位地震主要分布在研究区的西南(A区)、库中区(C区)和水库大坝附近(D区);A区小震密集与其处于鲜水河断裂中南段、安宁河北段和大凉山断裂北段交会区的特殊地理位置有关。C,D区高度集中分布的小震与水库蓄水无关,属于各种建设施工造成的爆破地震。
The small earthquakes in and around Pubugou reservoir area are relocated by the double-difference method,and the earthquake properties of two cluster regions near water area are also analyzed. The 1834 earthquakes in the study area from 14 October 2006 to 31 December 2011are relocated, and we have gotten 1708 earthquake relocation results eventually,amounting to 93.1% of the total. After the relocation,the RMS average value of arrival time residual decreases from 0.93s to 0.21s,the average error is 0.5km in EW direction,0.6km in NS direction,and 2.9km in vertical direction.The epicenter distribution is more concentrated,and the dominant distribution is also more obvious,the cluster region of small earthquakes distributes in the middle part of reservoir area,near to and downstream of the dam.The average focal depth is 9.2km. Earthquakes with focal depths less than 10km amount to 59% of relocation results,and those within 15km amount to 72%,the deepest focal depth is 33.1km. According to spatial distribution of relocation results,we divide the study area into four main regions(A,B,C and D)to discuss respectively.The evolutions of earthquake activities with time show that the variation of earthquake activities in region C and D is relativity larger than that in region A and B; the earthquakes of region C and D are highly centralized,and the focal depth is obviously shallow. With respect to the origin time of earthquakes,the earthquakes in region A and B occurred randomly in 24 hours of a day,which is accord with the time characteristic of natural earthquakes,while the occurrence time of earthquakes in region C and D had obvious regularity,most of them occurred in daytime,and focused on pre-and post 12’clock at noon and 18’clock in the afternoon.The results of field survey show that the seismic cluster area in region C is in accord with the construction sites of Ya′an-Xichang expressway and new Hanyuan county,and the cluster in region D is in accord with the quarry of Kaergou and Jiali'ega which are all near the reservoir dam. By synthesis analysis,we think that small earthquakes of region C and D may not be tectonic earthquakes; moreover,most of them occurred before November 2009,a time before the impoundment of Pubugou reservoir. So the earthquakes are not related with the impoundment either,but possibly the explosion ones caused by all kinds of construction.
The small earthquakes in and around Pubugou reservoir area are relocated by the double-difference method,and the earthquake properties of two cluster regions near water area are also analyzed. The 1834 earthquakes in the study area from 14 October 2006 to 31 December 2011are relocated, and we have gotten 1708 earthquake relocation results eventually,amounting to 93.1% of the total. After the relocation,the RMS average value of arrival time residual decreases from 0.93s to 0.21s,the average error is 0.5km in EW direction,0.6km in NS direction,and 2.9km in vertical direction.The epicenter distribution is more concentrated,and the dominant distribution is also more obvious,the cluster region of small earthquakes distributes in the middle part of reservoir area,near to and downstream of the dam.The average focal depth is 9.2km. Earthquakes with focal depths less than 10km amount to 59% of relocation results,and those within 15km amount to 72%,the deepest focal depth is 33.1km. According to spatial distribution of relocation results,we divide the study area into four main regions(A,B,C and D)to discuss respectively.The evolutions of earthquake activities with time show that the variation of earthquake activities in region C and D is relativity larger than that in region A and B; the earthquakes of region C and D are highly centralized,and the focal depth is obviously shallow. With respect to the origin time of earthquakes,the earthquakes in region A and B occurred randomly in 24 hours of a day,which is accord with the time characteristic of natural earthquakes,while the occurrence time of earthquakes in region C and D had obvious regularity,most of them occurred in daytime,and focused on pre-and post 12’clock at noon and 18’clock in the afternoon.The results of field survey show that the seismic cluster area in region C is in accord with the construction sites of Ya′an-Xichang expressway and new Hanyuan county,and the cluster in region D is in accord with the quarry of Kaergou and Jiali'ega which are all near the reservoir dam. By synthesis analysis,we think that small earthquakes of region C and D may not be tectonic earthquakes; moreover,most of them occurred before November 2009,a time before the impoundment of Pubugou reservoir. So the earthquakes are not related with the impoundment either,but possibly the explosion ones caused by all kinds of construction.
引文
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黄媛,吴建平,张天中,等.2008.汶川8.0级大地震及其余震序列重定位研究[J].中国科学(D辑)38(10):1242—1249.HUANG Yuan,WU Jian-ping,ZHANG Tian-zhong,et al.2008.Relocation of the M8.0Wenehuan earthquake and itsaftershoek sequence[J].Science in China(Ser D),51(12):1703—1712.
李海鸥,马文涛,徐锡伟,等.2010.汶川8.0级地震后紫坪铺水库库区地震的分布特征[J].地震地质,32(4):607—613.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2010.04.008.LI Hai-ou,MA Wen-tao,XU Xi-wei,et al.2010.Distribution characters of Wenchuan earthquake aftershocks in Ziping-pu Reservoir region[J].Seismology and Geology,32(4):607—613(in Chinese).
李志海,赵翠萍,王海涛,等.2004.双差地震定位法在北天山地区地震精确定位中的初步应用[J].内陆地震,18(2):146—153.LI Zhi-hai,ZHAO Cui-ping,WANG Hai-tao,et al.2004.The preliminary application of double-difference earthquake lo-cation method in precise location for the north Tianshan Mountains[J].Inland Earthquake,18(2):146—153(inChinese).
吕鹏,丁志峰,朱露培.2011.结合波形互相关的双差定位方法在2008年汶川地震余震序列中的应用[J].地震学报,33(4):407—419.LPeng,DING Zhi-feng,ZHU Lu-pei.2011.Application of double difference relocation technique to aftershocks of2008Wenchuan earthquake using waveform cross correlation[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,33(4):407—419(inChinese).
吕坚,苏金蓉,靳玉科,等.2008.汶川8.0级地震序列重新定位及其发震构造初探[J].地震地质,30(4):917—925.LJian,SU Jin-rong,JIN Yu-ke,et al.2008.Discussion on relocation and seismo-tectonics of the MS8.0Wenchuanearthquake sequences[J].Seismology and Geology,30(4):917—925(in Chinese).
吕智勇,苏国君,韩渭宾.2001.几种地震定位程序的定位效果分析[J].四川地震,(2):24—28.LZhi-yong,SU Guo-jun,HAN Wei-bin.2001.Effect analyses of several programs of earthquake location[J].Earth-quake Research in Sichuan,(2):24—28(in Chinese).
马宏生,张国民,周龙泉,等.2008.川滇地区中小震重新定位与速度结构的联合反演研究[J].地震,28(2):29—38.MA Hong-sheng,ZHANG Guo-min,ZHOU Long-quan,et al.2008.Simultaneous inversion of small earthquake reloca-tion and velocity structure in Sichuan-Yunnan area[J].Earthquake,28(2):29—38(in Chinese).
田玥,陈晓非.2002.地震定位研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,17(1):147—155.TIAN Yue,CHEN Xiao-fei.2002.Review of seismic location study[J].Progress in Geophysics,17(1):147—155(inChinese).
王椿镛,Mooney W D,王溪莉,等.2002.川滇地区地壳上地幔三维速度结构研究[J].地震学报,24(1):1—16.WANG Chun-yong,Mooney W D,WANG Xi-li,et al.2002.Study on3-D velocity structure of crust and upper mantle inSichuan-Yunnan region,China[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,24(1):1—16(in Chinese).
王椿镛,吴建平,楼海,等.2003.川西藏东地区的地壳P波速度结构[J].中国科学(D辑),33(增刊):181—189.WANG Chun-yong,WU Jian-ping,LOU Hai,et al.2003.P wave crustal velocity structure in western Sichuan and east-ern Tibetan region[J].Science in China(Ser D),33(Suppl):254—265.
王小平,王燕纹,李慧民.2005.结合双差地震定位法及台阵技术对江苏张家港地震序列进行精确定位[J].内陆地震,19(3):258—264.WANG Xiao-ping,WANG Yan-wen,LI Hui-min.2005.Precise location of Zhangjiagang earthquake sequence usingdouble difference earthquake location algorithm and the technology of seismic station array in Jiangsu[J].InlandEarthquake,19(3):258—264(in Chinese).
吴建平,黄媛,张天中,等.2009.汶川MS8.0地震余震分布及周边区域P波三维速度结构研究[J].地球物理学报,52(2):320—328.WU Jian-ping,HUANG Yuan,ZHANG Tian-zhong,et al.2009.Aftershock distribution of the MS8.0Wenchuan earth-quake and three dimensional P wave velocity structure in and around source region[J].Chinese J Geophys,52(2):320—328(in Chinese).
杨文东,金星,李山有,等.2005.地震定位研究及应用综述[J].地震工程与工程振动,25(1):15—21.YANG Wen-dong,JIN Xing,LI Shan-you,et al.2005.Study of seismic location methods[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Engineering Vibration,25(1):15—21(in Chinese).
杨智娴,陈运泰.2004.用双差地震定位法再次精确测定1998年张北-尚义地震序列的震源参数[J].地震学报,26(2):116—121.YANG Zhi-xian,CHEN Yun-tai.2004.Relocation of the1998Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake sequence using doubledifference earthquake location algorithm[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,26(2):116—121(in Chinese).
杨智娴,陈运泰,郑月军,等.2003.双差地震定位算法在中国中西部地区地震精确定位中的应用[J].中国科学,46(增刊):181—188.YANG Zhi-xian,CHEN Yun-tai,ZHENG Yue-jun,et al.2003.Accurate relocation of earthquakes in central-westernChina using the double difference earthquake location algorithm[J].Science in China(Ser D),33(Supp1):129—134.
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