多次波压制组合技术在海洋地震资料处理中的应用
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摘要
海洋地震资料中的噪声主要是多次波,消除多次波一直是资料处理的核心环节,已有的方法很多,但目前主要采用单一的方法,没有一种能达到较好的效果。人们已经注意到用若干种方法加以组合来达到消除多次波的目的,但还未有较理想的组合方法。在分析了海洋多次波的类型和特征、揭示多次波与一次波区别的基础上,针对多次波的不同特征合理地选取了压制多次波的方法,形成了一套海洋地震多次波的组合压制技术。在南海西部对发育反射多次波和绕射多次波的两种地震资料采用SRME、Radon变换、分频处理以及中值滤波方法的组合,两类多次波均得到了有效压制,结果比较理想。实际资料的处理实践表明,采用所述的四种技术组合来消除海洋多次波是切实有效的。
Multiple reflection is the most common noise in marine seismic data.The existence of multiple reflection degrades the signal/noise ratio,and further impacts on the reality and reliability of seismic imaging,and definitely it will affect the dependability of seismic interpretation.Multiple suppression has been a key procedure in marine seismic data processing for a long time.The forming condition and various types of multiple reflection wave were first discussed and then the difference of multiple and primary reflection wave was stated.How to select a reasonable multiple eliminating method that is applicable to marine seismic data processing was put forward.At last,a study case of a survey,which is collected from the west part of South China Sea,indicates that a hybrid method of SRME,Radon transformation,decomposition and median filter suppressed multiples significantly.
Multiple reflection is the most common noise in marine seismic data.The existence of multiple reflection degrades the signal/noise ratio,and further impacts on the reality and reliability of seismic imaging,and definitely it will affect the dependability of seismic interpretation.Multiple suppression has been a key procedure in marine seismic data processing for a long time.The forming condition and various types of multiple reflection wave were first discussed and then the difference of multiple and primary reflection wave was stated.How to select a reasonable multiple eliminating method that is applicable to marine seismic data processing was put forward.At last,a study case of a survey,which is collected from the west part of South China Sea,indicates that a hybrid method of SRME,Radon transformation,decomposition and median filter suppressed multiples significantly.
引文
[1]李振勇,姜浩,李东升.海洋地震数据处理技术探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(增刊):8-13.
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[4]王建立,王真理,张洪宙,等.海上多次波的联合衰减法[J].地球物理学进展,2009,(6):2070-2078.
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[6]赵秀莲,陈茂根,龚定康,等.SRME技术在澳大利亚TimerSea地区的应用[J].海洋石油,2009,(4):48-52.
[7]王维红,崔宝文,刘洪.表面多次波衰减的研究现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007 22(1):156-164.
[8]赵保宗,孙永清,李学聪.基于波动方程的多次波压制方法应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,(1):272-281.
[9]刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):8-15.
[10]罗小佳,朱仕军,刘二军,等.最优化相似加权Radon变换压制多次波[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(3):186-188.
[11]李琳,邓央,茅金根.利用小波变换实现地震资料分频去噪处理[J].西北油气勘探,2006,18(2):60-63.
[12]冯恒,刘财,杨宝俊,等.中值滤波对信号相位和形状影响的研究[J].石油物探,2002,41(9):37-41.
[13]李振春,张成玉,王清振.基于小波变换与多级中值滤波的联合去噪方法[J].石油物探,2009,(5):470-474.
[2]李鹏,刘伊克,常旭.多次波问题的研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):888-897.
[3]徐文君,於文辉,卞爱飞.地震资料多次波处理[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(6):417-424.
[4]王建立,王真理,张洪宙,等.海上多次波的联合衰减法[J].地球物理学进展,2009,(6):2070-2078.
[5]马继涛,陈小宏.SRME方法压制多次波方法研究[J].中国地球物理,2006:135.
[6]赵秀莲,陈茂根,龚定康,等.SRME技术在澳大利亚TimerSea地区的应用[J].海洋石油,2009,(4):48-52.
[7]王维红,崔宝文,刘洪.表面多次波衰减的研究现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007 22(1):156-164.
[8]赵保宗,孙永清,李学聪.基于波动方程的多次波压制方法应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,(1):272-281.
[9]刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):8-15.
[10]罗小佳,朱仕军,刘二军,等.最优化相似加权Radon变换压制多次波[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(3):186-188.
[11]李琳,邓央,茅金根.利用小波变换实现地震资料分频去噪处理[J].西北油气勘探,2006,18(2):60-63.
[12]冯恒,刘财,杨宝俊,等.中值滤波对信号相位和形状影响的研究[J].石油物探,2002,41(9):37-41.
[13]李振春,张成玉,王清振.基于小波变换与多级中值滤波的联合去噪方法[J].石油物探,2009,(5):470-474.
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