一种基于网格剖分的两点射线追踪方法
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摘要
两点射线追踪是解决复杂地质结构下反射波射线正演的有效方法。在初至波层析射线追踪算法基础上,提出了一种两点射线追踪方法,利用层析网格对模型进行离散化,通过两阶段法射线追踪,分别对激发点和接收点按向前处理过程计算模型单元及节点的旅行时,两次时间相加作为最小旅行时,再在目的层界面邻域扫描最小旅行时子震源网格单元,用粒子群算法在该单元内扫描全局最小旅行时点,得到反射点位置与反射夹角,再利用向后处理过程运用旅行时线性插值算法,从反射点分别到激发点、接收点反向追踪射线路径,最后得到反射波两点射线路径。
The two-point ray-tracing is an effective method to solve complex geological structure reflection wave ray-tracing.In this paper,a new two-point ray-tracing method is proposed,it is based on the first-break wave ray-tracing tomography algorithm,and grid division is used to discrete model,through the forward procession of two-step ray-tracing method,the grid cells minimum travel-time from source point and receive point is calculated respectively,and each cell sum of the twice travel-times is taken as the minimum travel-time,again along the layer interface,the nearest minimum travel-time cell is researched.Then the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to search the minimum travel-time point in this cell,as the reflex point,through the backward procession,the ray path is traced from this point to source point and receive point respectively with the Linear Travel-time Interpolation (LTI) algorithm.Finally the two-point ray-tracing path is obtained.
The two-point ray-tracing is an effective method to solve complex geological structure reflection wave ray-tracing.In this paper,a new two-point ray-tracing method is proposed,it is based on the first-break wave ray-tracing tomography algorithm,and grid division is used to discrete model,through the forward procession of two-step ray-tracing method,the grid cells minimum travel-time from source point and receive point is calculated respectively,and each cell sum of the twice travel-times is taken as the minimum travel-time,again along the layer interface,the nearest minimum travel-time cell is researched.Then the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to search the minimum travel-time point in this cell,as the reflex point,through the backward procession,the ray path is traced from this point to source point and receive point respectively with the Linear Travel-time Interpolation (LTI) algorithm.Finally the two-point ray-tracing path is obtained.
引文
[1]张赛民,周竹生,陈灵君,等.对旅行时进行抛物型插值的地震射线追踪方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):43-48.
[2]彭直兴,张春红,周熙襄,等.基于非线性插值的地震波旅行时计算[J].物探化探计算技术,2006,28(1):10-13.
[3]徐果明,卫山,高尔根,等.二维复杂介质的块状建模及射线追踪[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,31(2):213-218.
[4]杜增利,施泽进,尹成,等.折射初至波射线追踪方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(4):401-404.
[5]潘艳梅,刘玉柱,杨锴.起伏地表速度建模初步研究[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(4):523-525.
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[7]赵爱华,丁志峰.宽角反射地震波走时模拟的双重网格法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1141-1147.
[8]赵爱华,张美根,丁志峰.横向各向同性介质中地震波走时模拟[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1762-1767.
[9]田玥,陈晓非.水平层状介质中的快速两点间射线追踪方法[J].地震学报,2005,27(2):147-154.
[10]Nishi K.A three-dimensional robust seismic ray tracer for volcanic regions[J].Earth Planets Space,2001,53:101-109.
[11]马争鸣,李衍达.二步法射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(4):501-508.
[12]Gibson Jr R L,Durussel V,Lee K.Modeling and velocity analysis with a wavefront-construction algorithm for ani-sotropic media[J].Geophysics,2005,70(4):63-74.
[13]黄联捷,李幼铭,吴如山.用于图像重建的波前法射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,1992,35(2):223-232.
[14]Schneider W A.Linearization of the P-wave eikonal e-quation for weak vertical transverse isotropy[J].Geo-physics,2003,68(3):1075-1082.
[15]高尔根,徐果明,蒋先艺,等.三维结构下逐段迭代射线追踪方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):11-16.
[16]赵连锋,朱介寿,曹俊兴,等.有序波前重建法的射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(3):415-420.
[17]张建中,陈世军,余大祥.最短路径射线追踪方法及其改进[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):146-150.
[18]张建中,陈世军,徐初伟.动态网络最短路径射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(5):899-904.
[19]张美根,程冰洁,李小凡,等.一种最短路径射线追踪的快速算法[J].地球物理学报,2006,4(05):1467-1473.
[20]Moser TJ.Shortest path calculation of seismic rays[J].Geophysics,1991,56(1):59-67.
[21]Asakawa E,Kawanaka T.Seismic ray tracing using lineartraveltime interpolation[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1993,41(1):99-111.
[22]Kumar D,Sen MK,Ferguson R J.Traveltime calculation and prestack depth migration in tilted transversely iso-tropic media[J].Geophysics,2004,69(1):37-44.
[23]Coman R,Gajewski D.Traveltime computation by wave-front-orientated ray tracing[J].Geophysical Prospec-ting,2005,53(1):23-36.
[24]Julian B R,Gubblins D.Three-dimensional seismic ray tracing[J].J.Geophys,1977,43:95-113.
[25]张东,谢宝莲,杨艳,等.一种改进的线性走时插值射线追踪算法[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(1):200-205.
[26]彭直兴,沈忠民.基于双线性插值的三维地震波旅行时计算[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(5):85-87.
[27]涂齐催,刘怀山.利用线性旅行时插值射线追踪计算近地表模型初至波走时[J].物探与化探,2006,30(2):148-153.
[28]余嘉顺,曹俊兴,鲍新毅,等.表面低速层对勘探地震横波波形影响的模拟研究[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2003,30(6):583-587.
[29]詹毅,钟本善.利用小波变换提高地震波初至拾取的精确度[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2004,31(6):703-707.
[30]李琼,贺振华.地震高分辨率非线性反演在薄互储层识别中的应用[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2004,31(6):709-711.
[31]杨维,李歧强.粒子群优化算法综述[J].中国工程科学,2004,6(5):87-94.
[2]彭直兴,张春红,周熙襄,等.基于非线性插值的地震波旅行时计算[J].物探化探计算技术,2006,28(1):10-13.
[3]徐果明,卫山,高尔根,等.二维复杂介质的块状建模及射线追踪[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,31(2):213-218.
[4]杜增利,施泽进,尹成,等.折射初至波射线追踪方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(4):401-404.
[5]潘艳梅,刘玉柱,杨锴.起伏地表速度建模初步研究[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(4):523-525.
[6]Moser TJ,Van Eck T,Nolet G.Hypocenter determination in strongly heterogeneous earth models using the shortest path method[J].Geophys.Res,1992,97:6563-6572
[7]赵爱华,丁志峰.宽角反射地震波走时模拟的双重网格法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1141-1147.
[8]赵爱华,张美根,丁志峰.横向各向同性介质中地震波走时模拟[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1762-1767.
[9]田玥,陈晓非.水平层状介质中的快速两点间射线追踪方法[J].地震学报,2005,27(2):147-154.
[10]Nishi K.A three-dimensional robust seismic ray tracer for volcanic regions[J].Earth Planets Space,2001,53:101-109.
[11]马争鸣,李衍达.二步法射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(4):501-508.
[12]Gibson Jr R L,Durussel V,Lee K.Modeling and velocity analysis with a wavefront-construction algorithm for ani-sotropic media[J].Geophysics,2005,70(4):63-74.
[13]黄联捷,李幼铭,吴如山.用于图像重建的波前法射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,1992,35(2):223-232.
[14]Schneider W A.Linearization of the P-wave eikonal e-quation for weak vertical transverse isotropy[J].Geo-physics,2003,68(3):1075-1082.
[15]高尔根,徐果明,蒋先艺,等.三维结构下逐段迭代射线追踪方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):11-16.
[16]赵连锋,朱介寿,曹俊兴,等.有序波前重建法的射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(3):415-420.
[17]张建中,陈世军,余大祥.最短路径射线追踪方法及其改进[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):146-150.
[18]张建中,陈世军,徐初伟.动态网络最短路径射线追踪[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(5):899-904.
[19]张美根,程冰洁,李小凡,等.一种最短路径射线追踪的快速算法[J].地球物理学报,2006,4(05):1467-1473.
[20]Moser TJ.Shortest path calculation of seismic rays[J].Geophysics,1991,56(1):59-67.
[21]Asakawa E,Kawanaka T.Seismic ray tracing using lineartraveltime interpolation[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1993,41(1):99-111.
[22]Kumar D,Sen MK,Ferguson R J.Traveltime calculation and prestack depth migration in tilted transversely iso-tropic media[J].Geophysics,2004,69(1):37-44.
[23]Coman R,Gajewski D.Traveltime computation by wave-front-orientated ray tracing[J].Geophysical Prospec-ting,2005,53(1):23-36.
[24]Julian B R,Gubblins D.Three-dimensional seismic ray tracing[J].J.Geophys,1977,43:95-113.
[25]张东,谢宝莲,杨艳,等.一种改进的线性走时插值射线追踪算法[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(1):200-205.
[26]彭直兴,沈忠民.基于双线性插值的三维地震波旅行时计算[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(5):85-87.
[27]涂齐催,刘怀山.利用线性旅行时插值射线追踪计算近地表模型初至波走时[J].物探与化探,2006,30(2):148-153.
[28]余嘉顺,曹俊兴,鲍新毅,等.表面低速层对勘探地震横波波形影响的模拟研究[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2003,30(6):583-587.
[29]詹毅,钟本善.利用小波变换提高地震波初至拾取的精确度[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2004,31(6):703-707.
[30]李琼,贺振华.地震高分辨率非线性反演在薄互储层识别中的应用[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2004,31(6):709-711.
[31]杨维,李歧强.粒子群优化算法综述[J].中国工程科学,2004,6(5):87-94.
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