井壁稳定性实时预测方法
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摘要
为有效解决钻井过程中的井壁失稳问题,根据地震和测井信息之间的密切联系,建立了基于地震属性的实时井壁稳定性预测模型。该模型综合利用地震、测井和地质资料,从待钻目标井和已完钻邻井的井旁地震记录中分别提取最优地震属性组合,运用小波神经网络建立已钻井地震属性与测井数据之间的分层映射关系模型,利用当前待钻地层的地震属性并选取相应的映射模型实时预测钻头以下地层的声波和密度测井曲线。基于预测结果结合井壁稳定力学模型计算待钻层段的孔隙压力、坍塌压力和破裂压力,进而预测安全钻井液密度范围。塔里木油田的实际应用表明,该预测模型具有良好的实时操作性能,测井曲线、地应力、孔隙压力、破裂压力和安全钻井液密度范围的预测精度均较高。
Based on the close relationship between seismic and logging information,a real-time prediction model of borehole stability is established using seismic,logging and geological data to control borehole wall sloughing instability.Firstly,seismic attributes are extracted from borehole-side seismic traces of target wells and drilled offset wells respectively.Then mapping models of relationships between seismic attributes and logging data of various formation intervals in drilled wells are constructed using wavelet neural network.Using the seismic attributes of formation under bit and the corresponding mapping model,the acoustic and density logging data of the current undrilled formation can be predicted.On the basis of the prediction results,the mechanical model of borehole stability is employed to calculate pore pressure,collapse pressure and fracture pressure,thus predicting the safe drilling fluid density range.Practical application in Tarim Oilfield shows that real-time operation performance of the model is excellent and the prediction accuracy of parameters is satisfactory.
Based on the close relationship between seismic and logging information,a real-time prediction model of borehole stability is established using seismic,logging and geological data to control borehole wall sloughing instability.Firstly,seismic attributes are extracted from borehole-side seismic traces of target wells and drilled offset wells respectively.Then mapping models of relationships between seismic attributes and logging data of various formation intervals in drilled wells are constructed using wavelet neural network.Using the seismic attributes of formation under bit and the corresponding mapping model,the acoustic and density logging data of the current undrilled formation can be predicted.On the basis of the prediction results,the mechanical model of borehole stability is employed to calculate pore pressure,collapse pressure and fracture pressure,thus predicting the safe drilling fluid density range.Practical application in Tarim Oilfield shows that real-time operation performance of the model is excellent and the prediction accuracy of parameters is satisfactory.
引文
[1]金衍,陈勉,张旭东.钻前井壁稳定预测方法的研究[J].石油学报,2001,22(3):96-99.
[2]金衍,陈勉,杨小奇.利用层速度钻前预测安全泥浆密度窗口研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2430-2433.
[3]金衍,陈勉.利用地震记录钻前预测井壁稳定性研究[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):89-92.
[4]王西文,刘全新,吕焕通,等.储集层预测技术在岩性油气藏勘探开发中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(2):189-193.
[5]汲生珍,刘震.波阻抗反演技术在层序地层与沉积分析中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):66-68.
[6]李玉君,邓宏文,田文,等.波阻抗约束下的测井信息在储集层岩相随机建模中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):569-571.
[7]黄继新,彭仕宓,黄健全.储集层参数随机建模方法在扇三角洲储集层非均质性研究中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):52-55.
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[9]Hart B S,Balch R S.Approaches to defining reservoir physicalproperties from 3-D seismic attributes with limited well control:An example from the Jurassic Smackover Formation,Alabama[J].Geophysics,2000,65(2):368-376.
[10]Neves F A,Zahrani M S,Bremkamp S W.Detection of potentialfractures and small faults using seismic attributes[J].TheLeading Edge,2004,23(9):903-906.
[11]隋淑玲.井间地震资料的属性分析及应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):76-77.
[12]曾锦光,舒雅琴,钟勇.地震记录的分形和混沌性质[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(6):743-748.
[13]Walden A,Hosken J.An investigation of the spectral propertiesof primary reflection coefficients[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1985,33(3):400-435.
[14]Todoeschuck J,Jenson O.Joseph geology and seismicdeconvolution[J].Geophysics,1988,53(11):1410-1414.
[15]王任一,李正科,郭克城,等.油水层变维分形识别方法探索[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(4):71-72.
[16]陈志海,戴勇,郎兆新.缝洞性油藏油井产量变化分形特征及其意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(1):95-98.
[17]李正文,李琼.岩性储集层的混沌识别技术研究[J].矿物岩石,1999,19(2):81-85.
[18]Qin S,Jiao J J,Wang S.A cusp catastrophe model of instabilityof slip-buckling slope[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2001,34(2):119-134.
[19]Delyon B,Juditsk A,Benveniste A.Accuracy analysis forwavelet approximations[J].IEEE Trans.on Neural Network,1995,6(2):332-348.
[20]Zhang J,Walter G G,Lee W N.Wavelet neural network forfunction learning[J].IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing,1995,43(6):1485-1497.
[21]金衍.井壁稳定预测理论及应用研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2001.
[2]金衍,陈勉,杨小奇.利用层速度钻前预测安全泥浆密度窗口研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2430-2433.
[3]金衍,陈勉.利用地震记录钻前预测井壁稳定性研究[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):89-92.
[4]王西文,刘全新,吕焕通,等.储集层预测技术在岩性油气藏勘探开发中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(2):189-193.
[5]汲生珍,刘震.波阻抗反演技术在层序地层与沉积分析中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):66-68.
[6]李玉君,邓宏文,田文,等.波阻抗约束下的测井信息在储集层岩相随机建模中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):569-571.
[7]黄继新,彭仕宓,黄健全.储集层参数随机建模方法在扇三角洲储集层非均质性研究中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):52-55.
[8]Chen Q,Sidney S.Seismic attribute technology for reservoirforecasting and monitoring[J].The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):445-456.
[9]Hart B S,Balch R S.Approaches to defining reservoir physicalproperties from 3-D seismic attributes with limited well control:An example from the Jurassic Smackover Formation,Alabama[J].Geophysics,2000,65(2):368-376.
[10]Neves F A,Zahrani M S,Bremkamp S W.Detection of potentialfractures and small faults using seismic attributes[J].TheLeading Edge,2004,23(9):903-906.
[11]隋淑玲.井间地震资料的属性分析及应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):76-77.
[12]曾锦光,舒雅琴,钟勇.地震记录的分形和混沌性质[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(6):743-748.
[13]Walden A,Hosken J.An investigation of the spectral propertiesof primary reflection coefficients[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1985,33(3):400-435.
[14]Todoeschuck J,Jenson O.Joseph geology and seismicdeconvolution[J].Geophysics,1988,53(11):1410-1414.
[15]王任一,李正科,郭克城,等.油水层变维分形识别方法探索[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(4):71-72.
[16]陈志海,戴勇,郎兆新.缝洞性油藏油井产量变化分形特征及其意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(1):95-98.
[17]李正文,李琼.岩性储集层的混沌识别技术研究[J].矿物岩石,1999,19(2):81-85.
[18]Qin S,Jiao J J,Wang S.A cusp catastrophe model of instabilityof slip-buckling slope[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2001,34(2):119-134.
[19]Delyon B,Juditsk A,Benveniste A.Accuracy analysis forwavelet approximations[J].IEEE Trans.on Neural Network,1995,6(2):332-348.
[20]Zhang J,Walter G G,Lee W N.Wavelet neural network forfunction learning[J].IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing,1995,43(6):1485-1497.
[21]金衍.井壁稳定预测理论及应用研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2001.
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