提高改造体积的新裂缝转向压裂技术及其应用
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摘要
体积改造技术带动了非常规致密气、页岩气和煤层气等油气资源开发的迅猛发展,对于低孔、低渗透基质的碎屑岩储层,探索提高其改造效果的体积改造技术具有重要意义。为此,在转向压裂和缝网压裂的基础上,通过力学分析和流——固耦合渗流模型,对压裂施工中的应力场进行研究,分析了地层2个水平主应力的变化。采用强制闭合、快速返排、多次加砂的工艺,实现地层2个水平应力场的短期变化,形成了在短期内实现提高改造体积的新裂缝转向压裂技术,与常规技术相比,新技术既简单可靠,又能有效降低施工风险。该技术在华北、长庆和吉林油区的低渗透油田应用10余井次,其初期产油量比常规技术提高1～2倍,稳产期延长6个月以上。
The fracturing technique improving stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) brings the soaring development in unconventional gas and oil at home and abroad, it has an important influence for low permeability and low porosity sandstone reservoir. In order to improve the output of post-fracturing, this paper, based on the theory of in-fissure fracturing and network fracturing and through the mechanics and fluid and solid coupling analysis, analyzes two horizontal stresses. Using force closure, and quickly flow-back and multiple treatment, the horizontal stress difference is decreased so as to divert the fracture in short time. Compared with former technique,the new method has the merits of simple and low risk, particular to the high temperature, complicated and difficult treated wells. It can improve the treatment and performance, meanwhile, it extends the method of improving SRV.
The fracturing technique improving stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) brings the soaring development in unconventional gas and oil at home and abroad, it has an important influence for low permeability and low porosity sandstone reservoir. In order to improve the output of post-fracturing, this paper, based on the theory of in-fissure fracturing and network fracturing and through the mechanics and fluid and solid coupling analysis, analyzes two horizontal stresses. Using force closure, and quickly flow-back and multiple treatment, the horizontal stress difference is decreased so as to divert the fracture in short time. Compared with former technique,the new method has the merits of simple and low risk, particular to the high temperature, complicated and difficult treated wells. It can improve the treatment and performance, meanwhile, it extends the method of improving SRV.
引文
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[18]王腾飞,胡永全,赵金洲.强制闭合条件下拟三维压降分析新模型[J].天然气工业,2006,26(1):95-97.
[2]孙海成,汤达祯,蒋廷学,等.页岩气储层压裂改造技术[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(4):90-93,97.
[3]Warpinski N R,Mayerhofer M J,Vincent M C,et al.Stimulating unconventional reservoirs:maximizing network growth while opti mizing fracture conductivity[C].SPE114173,2008.
[4]陈作,薛承瑾,蒋廷学.页岩气井体积压裂技术在我国的应用建议[J].天然气工业,2010,30(10):30-32.
[5]王永昌,姜必武,马延风,等.安塞油田低渗透砂岩油藏重复压裂技术研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(5):78-80.
[6]李宪文,樊凤玲,赵文,等.转向压裂工艺在长庆油田的适应性分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2010,17(5):102-104.
[7]李凡磊.转向压裂技术在江苏油田的应用[J].油气井测试,2006,15(1):55-57.
[8]雷群,胥云,蒋廷学,等.用于提高低-特低渗透油气藏改造效果的缝网压裂技术[J].石油学报,2009,30(2):237-240.
[9]白红艳,杨勇,苏春娥.低渗透油田缝内转向压裂工艺适应性研究[J].石油化工应用,2010,29(2):56-60.
[10]曲占庆,曲冠政,齐宁,等.粘弹性表面活性剂自转向酸液体系研究进展[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(5):89-92,96.
[11]胡永全,赵金洲,曾庆坤,等.计算射孔井水力压裂破裂压力的有限元方法[J].天然气工业,2003,23(2):58-59.
[12]李传亮,孔祥言.油井压裂过程中岩石破裂压力计算公式的理论研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2000,22(2):54-56.
[13]肖阳,王腾飞,赵金洲.重复压裂总应力场计算模型[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(3):90-94.
[14]黄钢,王晓冬,惠钢,等.压裂直井井网流线模拟研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(5):100-103,107.
[15]邓燕.重复压裂压新缝力学机理研究[D].成都:西南石油学院,2005.
[16]王鸿勋,张士诚.水力压裂设计数值计算方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:238-246.
[17]Economides M J,Martin T.Modern fracturing enhancing natural gas production[M].Houston:Gulf Publishing Company,2008:116-125.
[18]王腾飞,胡永全,赵金洲.强制闭合条件下拟三维压降分析新模型[J].天然气工业,2006,26(1):95-97.
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