基于震害和数值分析的加固建筑结构抗震性能评估
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摘要
在地震多发国家和地区,很多老建筑或抗震能力达不到现行规范要求的建筑均面临抗震性能评估和加固问题。加固方法种类繁多,各种加固方案的结构抗震性能具有较大的不确定性。介绍了汶川地震中汉旺镇一栋仅遭受轻微结构损伤的老式无筋砌体结构的加固方法,分析了其表现良好的原因;并就1985年墨西哥城大地震中一栋加固建筑表现出的良好抗震性能进行了分析。以都江堰某需抗震加固的实际工程为例,用ANSYS分别对加固前原结构、加大截面法实施加固后的结构以及增设钢支撑加固后的结构进行了3维非线性动力时程分析。综合分析数值计算结果和经受地震考验的成功加固案例后认为,对原结构深入的抗震性能评估是选择加固方案的前提;结构抗震加固应强调对结构整体抗震性能的优化,而不是结构构件简单的修复;加固方案应尽量避免增加结构的自重,优先选择相对轻质高强材料;侧向刚度的增大可能导致地震反应显著增加,故增大侧向刚度并不一定能有效降低结构的水平侧移,建议加固后结构强度提高的程度应高于刚度增加的程度;应充分认识到加固可能带来新的薄弱环节和新的不利受力状态。
A retrofitted unreinforced masonry structure in Hanwang town which suffered slight damage during Wenchuan Earthquake was presented,and the role of the strengthening system was evaluated.A seismic retrofitted building which had excellent performance during 1985 Mexico earthquake was also assessed.Numerical simulation on seismic retrofitting performance of one building located in Dujiangyan was conducted based on ANSYS.The comparison of the analysis results with the two case buildings shows that seismic assessment of existing building is for choosing the retrofitting system.Global seismic performance of one building should be optimized after being retrofitted and not but simply repaired.The less increase of the weight of one retrofitted building is an important factor in the success of retrofit solution.Some retrofitting solutions may lead to higher increase in weight which would lead to reduce the efficiency of the stiffening,and large earthquake force may be developed due to retrofitting systems.
A retrofitted unreinforced masonry structure in Hanwang town which suffered slight damage during Wenchuan Earthquake was presented,and the role of the strengthening system was evaluated.A seismic retrofitted building which had excellent performance during 1985 Mexico earthquake was also assessed.Numerical simulation on seismic retrofitting performance of one building located in Dujiangyan was conducted based on ANSYS.The comparison of the analysis results with the two case buildings shows that seismic assessment of existing building is for choosing the retrofitting system.Global seismic performance of one building should be optimized after being retrofitted and not but simply repaired.The less increase of the weight of one retrofitted building is an important factor in the success of retrofit solution.Some retrofitting solutions may lead to higher increase in weight which would lead to reduce the efficiency of the stiffening,and large earthquake force may be developed due to retrofitting systems.
引文
[1]GB50223-2004,建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.
[2]GB50223-2008,建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[3]GB50011-2001,建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[4]JGJ116-2009,建筑抗震加固技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
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[7]Zhao Hongqiang.Research on dynamic performance of reinforcement concretes component by enlargement section method[D].Shanxi:Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,2008.[赵宏强.加大截面法加固混凝土构件的动力性能研究[D].陕西:西安建筑科技大学,2008.]
[8]Cao Zhongmin,Li Aiqun,Wang Yayong,et al.Experimental study on RC beam-column joints strengthened by composite cover of high-strength wire cable mesh and polymer mortar[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2005,27(6):45-50.[曹忠民,李爱群,王亚勇,等.高强钢绞线网-聚合物砂浆复合面层抗震加固梁柱节点的试验研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2005,27(6):45-50.]
[9]Chen Liang.Experimental study of the seismic behavior of RC column strengthened with high strength steel wire[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2004.[陈亮.高强不锈钢绞线网用于混凝土柱抗震加固的试验研究[D].北京:清华大学,2004.]
[10]Chen Shuntyan,Jeng Van,Chen Shengjin.Seismic assessment and strengthening method of existing RC buildings in response to code revision[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology,2001,3(1):67-77.
[11]Wen Yuantao,Tsai Kehchyuan,Chen Peiching,et al.Seismic performance evaluation of a 34-story steel building retrofitted with response modification elements[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2009,38:759-781.
[12]Wu Zhishen,Zhang Dachang,Karbhari-Vistasp M.Numerical simulation on seismic retrofitting performance of reinforced concrete columns strengthened with fibre reinforced polymer sheets[J].Structure and Infrastructure Engineering,2010,6(4):481-496.
[13]Selim G M,Halk S.An improvement to linear-elastic procedures for seismic performance assessment[J/OL].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2010,Wiley Inter Science,http://www.interscience.wiley.com.
[14]Benedetti D,Carydis P,Pezzoli P.Shaking table tests on 24 simple masonry buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27:76-90.
[15]Valle-Calderón E,Foutch D A,Hjelmstad K D.Investigation of two buildings shaken during the 19 September 1985 Mexico earthquake[R]//Lessons Learned from the 1985 Mexico Earthquake.Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,1989:91-96.
[16]Foutch D A,Hjelmstad K D,Valle-Calderón E,et al.Case studies of seismic strengthening for two buildings in Mexico city[J].Earthquake Spectra,1989,5(1):153-174.
[2]GB50223-2008,建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[3]GB50011-2001,建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[4]JGJ116-2009,建筑抗震加固技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[5]FEMA273,NEHRP guidelines for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings[S].Federal Emergency Management Agency,1997.
[6]Fan Surong.Experimental research on the aseismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete frame structures with steel braces [D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Technology,2002.[范苏榕.钢支撑加固钢筋混凝土框架结构的试验研究[D].南京:南京工业大学,2002.]
[7]Zhao Hongqiang.Research on dynamic performance of reinforcement concretes component by enlargement section method[D].Shanxi:Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,2008.[赵宏强.加大截面法加固混凝土构件的动力性能研究[D].陕西:西安建筑科技大学,2008.]
[8]Cao Zhongmin,Li Aiqun,Wang Yayong,et al.Experimental study on RC beam-column joints strengthened by composite cover of high-strength wire cable mesh and polymer mortar[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2005,27(6):45-50.[曹忠民,李爱群,王亚勇,等.高强钢绞线网-聚合物砂浆复合面层抗震加固梁柱节点的试验研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2005,27(6):45-50.]
[9]Chen Liang.Experimental study of the seismic behavior of RC column strengthened with high strength steel wire[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2004.[陈亮.高强不锈钢绞线网用于混凝土柱抗震加固的试验研究[D].北京:清华大学,2004.]
[10]Chen Shuntyan,Jeng Van,Chen Shengjin.Seismic assessment and strengthening method of existing RC buildings in response to code revision[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology,2001,3(1):67-77.
[11]Wen Yuantao,Tsai Kehchyuan,Chen Peiching,et al.Seismic performance evaluation of a 34-story steel building retrofitted with response modification elements[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2009,38:759-781.
[12]Wu Zhishen,Zhang Dachang,Karbhari-Vistasp M.Numerical simulation on seismic retrofitting performance of reinforced concrete columns strengthened with fibre reinforced polymer sheets[J].Structure and Infrastructure Engineering,2010,6(4):481-496.
[13]Selim G M,Halk S.An improvement to linear-elastic procedures for seismic performance assessment[J/OL].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2010,Wiley Inter Science,http://www.interscience.wiley.com.
[14]Benedetti D,Carydis P,Pezzoli P.Shaking table tests on 24 simple masonry buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27:76-90.
[15]Valle-Calderón E,Foutch D A,Hjelmstad K D.Investigation of two buildings shaken during the 19 September 1985 Mexico earthquake[R]//Lessons Learned from the 1985 Mexico Earthquake.Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,1989:91-96.
[16]Foutch D A,Hjelmstad K D,Valle-Calderón E,et al.Case studies of seismic strengthening for two buildings in Mexico city[J].Earthquake Spectra,1989,5(1):153-174.
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