适于水平场地孔压发展的增量计算模型
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摘要
现有孔压增长模型多为全量模型不能用于不规则荷载下液化发展过程模拟,而少量孔压增量模型来源于动三轴试验,其孔压发展模式与振动台和振动离心机结果差别显著,应用于实际水平场地孔压计算时需要修正.本文以振动台和振动离心机土层试验和Seed模型破坏条件为依据,对现有动三轴孔压计算公式进行修正,提出了一个修正的增量计算模型.利用他人和专门的振动台试验,在等幅荷载和不规则荷载两种输入下,对提出的修正模型进行对比验证,结果表明提出的模型能够更好地模拟孔压增长过程.本文的计算模型构造简单,考虑不同相对密度砂土类型,适于真实地震荷载下水平场地液化发展过程的计算.
The current pore-water pressure models mainly are total quantity models,and cannot simulate the process of liquefaction under irregular loadings.The present incremental quantity models are basically obtained from analytical results of dynamic triaxial tests.The relevant increasing modes differ noticeably from those in shaking table tests and centrifuge tests.In this paper,using Seed's pore-water pressure buildup model and the results of shaking table tests and centrifuge tests a modified incremental pore-water pressure model for horizontal soil strata were proposed by modifying the dynamic triaxial formulae.The proposed incremental model has been comparatively verified by shaking table testing results under uniform and irregular loadings.The results suggested that the modified model could more accurately simulate the process of pore-water pressure buildups.The simple modified formulae herein consider sands of different relative densities and can be used for pore-water pressure calculation in real horizontal soil strata under irregular seismic loadings.
The current pore-water pressure models mainly are total quantity models,and cannot simulate the process of liquefaction under irregular loadings.The present incremental quantity models are basically obtained from analytical results of dynamic triaxial tests.The relevant increasing modes differ noticeably from those in shaking table tests and centrifuge tests.In this paper,using Seed's pore-water pressure buildup model and the results of shaking table tests and centrifuge tests a modified incremental pore-water pressure model for horizontal soil strata were proposed by modifying the dynamic triaxial formulae.The proposed incremental model has been comparatively verified by shaking table testing results under uniform and irregular loadings.The results suggested that the modified model could more accurately simulate the process of pore-water pressure buildups.The simple modified formulae herein consider sands of different relative densities and can be used for pore-water pressure calculation in real horizontal soil strata under irregular seismic loadings.
引文
[1]Seed H B.Pore water pressure changes during soil liquefaction[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1976,102(GT4):323-345
[2]李立云,崔杰,景立平,等.饱和粉土振动液化分析[J].岩石力学,2005,26(10):1663-1666Li Liyun,Cui Jie,Jing Liping,et al.Study on liquefaction of saturated silty soil under cyclic loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(10):1663-1666
[3]佘跃心,刘汉龙,高玉峰.饱和黄土孔压增长模式与液化机理试验研究[J].岩石力学,2002,23(4):395-399She Yuexin,Liu Hanlong,Gao Yufeng.Study on liquefaction mechanism and pore-water pressure mode of saturated original loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(4):395-399
[4]Kagawa T,Kraft L M.Modeling the liquefaction process[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1981,107(GT12):1593-1607
[5]Liyanapathirana D S,Poulos H G.A numerical model for dynamic soil liquefaction analysis[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22:1007-1015
[6]Sherif M A,Ishibashi I,Tsuchiya C.Pore pressure prediction during earthquakes[J].Soils and Foundations,1978,18(4):19-30
[7]丰万玲,石兆吉.判别水平土层液化势的孔隙水压力分析方法[R].国家地震局工程力学研究所研究报告,1987Feng Wanling,Shi Zhaoji.Pore water pressure analysis methods for estimation of liquefaction potential of horizontal soil strata[R].Report in Institute of Engineering Mechanics,Chinese Seismology Beau,1987
[8]孙锐,袁晓铭.非均等固结下饱和砂土孔压增量简化计算公式[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(9):1021-1025Sui Rui,Yuan Xiaoming.Simplified incremental formula for estimating pore water pressure of saturated sands under anisotropic consolidation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(9):1021-1025
[9]Castro G.liquefaction and cyclic mobility of saturated sands[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1975,101(GT6):551-569
[10]Peacock W H,Seed H B.Sand liquefaction under cyclic loading simple shear condition[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1968,101(SM3):689-708
[11]Seed H B,Peacock W H.Test procedures for measuring soil liquefaction characteristics[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1971,97(SM8):1099-1119
[12]Finn W D,Bransby P L,Pickering D J.Effect of strain history on liquefaction of sands[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1970,96(SM6):1917-1934
[13]Ishihara K J.Soil behaviour in earthquake geotechincs[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1996
[14]Elgamal A,Yang Z H,Parra E.Computational modeling of cyclic mobility and post-liquefaction site response[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22:259-171
[15]Yashimi Y,Tokimatsu K.Settlement of buildings on saturated sand during earthquakes[J].Soils and Foundations,1977,17(1):23-38
[16]De Alba P,Seed H B,Chan C K.Sand liquefaction in large-scale simple shear tests[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1976,102(GT9):909-927
[17]Gonzalez L,Abdoun T,Zeghal M,et al.Physical modeling and visualization of soil liquefaction under high confining stress[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2005,4(1):47-57
[18]孙锐,袁晓铭,王永志,等.NEES系统中振动离心机最新进展及国内振动离心机发展设想[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(1):31-39Sui Rui,Yuan Xiaoming,Wang Yongzhi,et al.Latest progress of centrifugal shakers in NEES and developmental concept of domestic centrifugal shakers[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2010,26(1):31-39
[19]Ishibashi I,Sherif M A,Tsuchiya C.Pore pressure rise mechanism and soil liquefaction[J].Soils and Foundations,1977,17(2):17-24
[2]李立云,崔杰,景立平,等.饱和粉土振动液化分析[J].岩石力学,2005,26(10):1663-1666Li Liyun,Cui Jie,Jing Liping,et al.Study on liquefaction of saturated silty soil under cyclic loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(10):1663-1666
[3]佘跃心,刘汉龙,高玉峰.饱和黄土孔压增长模式与液化机理试验研究[J].岩石力学,2002,23(4):395-399She Yuexin,Liu Hanlong,Gao Yufeng.Study on liquefaction mechanism and pore-water pressure mode of saturated original loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(4):395-399
[4]Kagawa T,Kraft L M.Modeling the liquefaction process[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1981,107(GT12):1593-1607
[5]Liyanapathirana D S,Poulos H G.A numerical model for dynamic soil liquefaction analysis[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22:1007-1015
[6]Sherif M A,Ishibashi I,Tsuchiya C.Pore pressure prediction during earthquakes[J].Soils and Foundations,1978,18(4):19-30
[7]丰万玲,石兆吉.判别水平土层液化势的孔隙水压力分析方法[R].国家地震局工程力学研究所研究报告,1987Feng Wanling,Shi Zhaoji.Pore water pressure analysis methods for estimation of liquefaction potential of horizontal soil strata[R].Report in Institute of Engineering Mechanics,Chinese Seismology Beau,1987
[8]孙锐,袁晓铭.非均等固结下饱和砂土孔压增量简化计算公式[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(9):1021-1025Sui Rui,Yuan Xiaoming.Simplified incremental formula for estimating pore water pressure of saturated sands under anisotropic consolidation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(9):1021-1025
[9]Castro G.liquefaction and cyclic mobility of saturated sands[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1975,101(GT6):551-569
[10]Peacock W H,Seed H B.Sand liquefaction under cyclic loading simple shear condition[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1968,101(SM3):689-708
[11]Seed H B,Peacock W H.Test procedures for measuring soil liquefaction characteristics[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1971,97(SM8):1099-1119
[12]Finn W D,Bransby P L,Pickering D J.Effect of strain history on liquefaction of sands[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1970,96(SM6):1917-1934
[13]Ishihara K J.Soil behaviour in earthquake geotechincs[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1996
[14]Elgamal A,Yang Z H,Parra E.Computational modeling of cyclic mobility and post-liquefaction site response[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22:259-171
[15]Yashimi Y,Tokimatsu K.Settlement of buildings on saturated sand during earthquakes[J].Soils and Foundations,1977,17(1):23-38
[16]De Alba P,Seed H B,Chan C K.Sand liquefaction in large-scale simple shear tests[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1976,102(GT9):909-927
[17]Gonzalez L,Abdoun T,Zeghal M,et al.Physical modeling and visualization of soil liquefaction under high confining stress[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2005,4(1):47-57
[18]孙锐,袁晓铭,王永志,等.NEES系统中振动离心机最新进展及国内振动离心机发展设想[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(1):31-39Sui Rui,Yuan Xiaoming,Wang Yongzhi,et al.Latest progress of centrifugal shakers in NEES and developmental concept of domestic centrifugal shakers[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2010,26(1):31-39
[19]Ishibashi I,Sherif M A,Tsuchiya C.Pore pressure rise mechanism and soil liquefaction[J].Soils and Foundations,1977,17(2):17-24
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