精细层序地层格架与地震沉积学研究——以泌阳凹陷核桃园组为例
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摘要
地震沉积学是当今国际沉积学研究热点,是利用地震资料研究沉积岩及其形成过程的一门新兴边缘学科,是进行高频层序和沉积体系研究的有效工具,在薄层砂体勘探和开发方面具有明显效果。根据泌阳凹陷深凹区地震资料质量高、断层少、发育滑塌浊积扇的地质特点,依据地震沉积学和层序地层学基本原理,建立了层序地层格架,将核桃园组划分为5个三级层序和8个四级层序。进而,在高频层序地层格架中,通过90°相位转换、分频处理、地层切片、岩心刻度等工作,开展了地震岩性学和地震地貌学研究,确定了核桃园组多物源供给形成辫状河三角洲-滑塌浊积扇沉积体系,滑塌浊积扇的发育明显受控于三角洲的发育演化,明确了滑塌浊积扇砂体的形态、分布及其与油气关系,指出核桃园组SQ2—SQ4是深凹区岩性油气圈闭的有利勘探层段,三角洲前缘和浊积扇砂体为有利勘探目标。
Seismic sedimentology is an emerging interdisciplinary subject that studies sedimentary rocks with seismic data.It is the current hot spot of international sedimentology study,and is an effective tool for mapping high-frequency sequence and depositional systems.It plays an important role in the exploration and production of thin sandstone reservoirs.There are abundant quality seismic data in Biyang Sag which features in underde-veloped faults but highly developed slump turbidite fans.The Hetaoyuan Formation in Biyang Sag is divided into five third-order and eight fourth-order sequences on the basis of the fundamental principles of seismic sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy.Seismic lithology study and seismic geomorphology study within high-frequency sequence stratigraphic framework are performed through 90-degree phasing convention,frequency division processing,stratal slicing,and core calibration.It is confirmed that multiple provenances contributed to the development of the braided river delta-slump turbidite fan depositional system in the Hetaoyuan Formation,and the development of slump turbidite fans was controlled by the braided river delta.The geometry and distribution of slump turbidite fan sandbodies and their relation with oil and gas are defined.It is pointed out that SQ2,SQ3 and SQ4 are favorable plays of lithologic traps,and the sandbodies of delta front and turbidite fan are favorable exploration targets.
Seismic sedimentology is an emerging interdisciplinary subject that studies sedimentary rocks with seismic data.It is the current hot spot of international sedimentology study,and is an effective tool for mapping high-frequency sequence and depositional systems.It plays an important role in the exploration and production of thin sandstone reservoirs.There are abundant quality seismic data in Biyang Sag which features in underde-veloped faults but highly developed slump turbidite fans.The Hetaoyuan Formation in Biyang Sag is divided into five third-order and eight fourth-order sequences on the basis of the fundamental principles of seismic sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy.Seismic lithology study and seismic geomorphology study within high-frequency sequence stratigraphic framework are performed through 90-degree phasing convention,frequency division processing,stratal slicing,and core calibration.It is confirmed that multiple provenances contributed to the development of the braided river delta-slump turbidite fan depositional system in the Hetaoyuan Formation,and the development of slump turbidite fans was controlled by the braided river delta.The geometry and distribution of slump turbidite fan sandbodies and their relation with oil and gas are defined.It is pointed out that SQ2,SQ3 and SQ4 are favorable plays of lithologic traps,and the sandbodies of delta front and turbidite fan are favorable exploration targets.
引文
[1]林社卿,罗家群,邱荣华,等.泌阳凹陷核三下成藏条件研究及勘探目标优选.中国石化河南油田勘探开发研究院,2010.
[1]林社卿,罗家群,邱荣华,等.泌阳凹陷核三下成藏条件研究及勘探目标优选.中国石化河南油田勘探开发研究院,2010.
[1]Wilgus C K,Hastings B S,Posamentier H.Sea-level changes: an integrated approach[M].SEPM Special Publication, 1988,42:39-45.
[2]Galloway W E.Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysis I:Architecture and genesis of flooding surface bounded depositional units[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(2):125 - 142.
[3]Cross T A,Lessenger M A.Sequence stratigraphy concepts and applications[M].NPF Special Publication 8,1998, 171 -195.
[4]朱筱敏,层序地层学[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社, 2000 Zhu Xiaomin.Sequence stratigraphy[M].Shandong,Dongying: China University of Petroleum Press,2000.
[5]Zeng Hongliu.Stratal slicing,Part I:Realistic 3-D seismic model[J],Geophysics,1998,63(2):502-513.
[6]Zeng Hongliu.From seismic stratigraphy to seismic sedimentology: a sensible transition[J].Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions,2001,LI:413 -420.
[7]朱筱敏,刘长利,张义娜,等.地震沉积学在陆相湖盆三角洲砂体预测中的应用[J].沉积学报,2009,27(5):19-25. Zhu Xiaomin,Liu Changli,Zhang Yina,et al.On seismic sedimentology of lacustrine deltaic depositional systems[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(5):19 -25.
[8]陈文学,姜在兴,鲜木忠.层序地层学与隐蔽圈闭预测——以河南泌阳凹陷为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001, 101-113. Chen Wenxue,Jiang Zaixing,Xian Benzhong.Sequence stratigraphy and subtle traps forecast—with Biyang Sag example [M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001,101 -113.
[9]张明安,鲜本忠.层序地层学在泌阳凹陷隐蔽油藏预测中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(4):395-402. Zhang Ming 'an,Xian Benzhong.Application of sequrence stratigraphy to the prediction of subde reservoirs in the Biyang Depression [J].Petroleum Geology & Expeximent,2003,25(4): 395 -402.
[10]孙耀华,王华,陆永潮,等.泌阳凹陷复杂圈闭地震地质综合研究方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(3): 370-378.383. Sun Yaohua,Wang Hua,Lu Yongchao,et al.An integrated seismic geological approach to the study of complex traps in the Biyang Depression[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(3 ): 370-378,383.
[11]Zeng Hongiiu,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90°—phase wavelets:Part 1—Modeling[J].Geophysics,2005,70 (3):7-15.
[12]Zeng Hongiiu,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90°—phase wavelets:Part 2—Seismic applications[J].Geophysics, 2005,70(3):17-24.
[13]Zeng Hongliu,Backus M M,Barrow K T,et al.Stratal slicing, Part I:Realistic 3-D seismic model[J].Geophysics, 1998,63(2):502 -513.
[14]Zeng Hongliu,Stephen C H,Riola J P.Stratal slicing,Part II:Real 3D seismic data[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2): 514-522.
[15]Zeng Hongliu,Hentz T F,Wood L J.Stratal slicing of Miocene -Pliocene sediments in Vermilion Block 50-Tiger Shoal area, Offshore Louisina[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(4): 408-418.
[16]叶泰然,付顺,吕其彪,等.多波地震联合反演预测相对优质储层——以川西深层致密碎屑砂岩为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(3):357-362,369. Ye Tairan,Fu Shun,Lil Qibiao,et al.Application of multiwave joint inversion to the prediction of relatively high quality reservoirs—an example from the prediction of deep tight clastic sandstone reservoirs in the western Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(3):357 -362,369.
[17]邓继新,王尚旭,伍向阳.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷砂岩储层地震特征及对岩石结构的指示[J].石油与天然气地质, 2009,30(3):294-299,309. Deng Jixin,Wang Shangxu,Wu Xiangyang.Seismic properties of reservoir sandstones and their implication to rock texture in the Dongying Sag,the Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2009,30(3):294 -299,309.
[1]林社卿,罗家群,邱荣华,等.泌阳凹陷核三下成藏条件研究及勘探目标优选.中国石化河南油田勘探开发研究院,2010.
[1]Wilgus C K,Hastings B S,Posamentier H.Sea-level changes: an integrated approach[M].SEPM Special Publication, 1988,42:39-45.
[2]Galloway W E.Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysis I:Architecture and genesis of flooding surface bounded depositional units[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(2):125 - 142.
[3]Cross T A,Lessenger M A.Sequence stratigraphy concepts and applications[M].NPF Special Publication 8,1998, 171 -195.
[4]朱筱敏,层序地层学[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社, 2000 Zhu Xiaomin.Sequence stratigraphy[M].Shandong,Dongying: China University of Petroleum Press,2000.
[5]Zeng Hongliu.Stratal slicing,Part I:Realistic 3-D seismic model[J],Geophysics,1998,63(2):502-513.
[6]Zeng Hongliu.From seismic stratigraphy to seismic sedimentology: a sensible transition[J].Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions,2001,LI:413 -420.
[7]朱筱敏,刘长利,张义娜,等.地震沉积学在陆相湖盆三角洲砂体预测中的应用[J].沉积学报,2009,27(5):19-25. Zhu Xiaomin,Liu Changli,Zhang Yina,et al.On seismic sedimentology of lacustrine deltaic depositional systems[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(5):19 -25.
[8]陈文学,姜在兴,鲜木忠.层序地层学与隐蔽圈闭预测——以河南泌阳凹陷为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001, 101-113. Chen Wenxue,Jiang Zaixing,Xian Benzhong.Sequence stratigraphy and subtle traps forecast—with Biyang Sag example [M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001,101 -113.
[9]张明安,鲜本忠.层序地层学在泌阳凹陷隐蔽油藏预测中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(4):395-402. Zhang Ming 'an,Xian Benzhong.Application of sequrence stratigraphy to the prediction of subde reservoirs in the Biyang Depression [J].Petroleum Geology & Expeximent,2003,25(4): 395 -402.
[10]孙耀华,王华,陆永潮,等.泌阳凹陷复杂圈闭地震地质综合研究方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(3): 370-378.383. Sun Yaohua,Wang Hua,Lu Yongchao,et al.An integrated seismic geological approach to the study of complex traps in the Biyang Depression[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(3 ): 370-378,383.
[11]Zeng Hongiiu,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90°—phase wavelets:Part 1—Modeling[J].Geophysics,2005,70 (3):7-15.
[12]Zeng Hongiiu,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90°—phase wavelets:Part 2—Seismic applications[J].Geophysics, 2005,70(3):17-24.
[13]Zeng Hongliu,Backus M M,Barrow K T,et al.Stratal slicing, Part I:Realistic 3-D seismic model[J].Geophysics, 1998,63(2):502 -513.
[14]Zeng Hongliu,Stephen C H,Riola J P.Stratal slicing,Part II:Real 3D seismic data[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2): 514-522.
[15]Zeng Hongliu,Hentz T F,Wood L J.Stratal slicing of Miocene -Pliocene sediments in Vermilion Block 50-Tiger Shoal area, Offshore Louisina[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(4): 408-418.
[16]叶泰然,付顺,吕其彪,等.多波地震联合反演预测相对优质储层——以川西深层致密碎屑砂岩为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(3):357-362,369. Ye Tairan,Fu Shun,Lil Qibiao,et al.Application of multiwave joint inversion to the prediction of relatively high quality reservoirs—an example from the prediction of deep tight clastic sandstone reservoirs in the western Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(3):357 -362,369.
[17]邓继新,王尚旭,伍向阳.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷砂岩储层地震特征及对岩石结构的指示[J].石油与天然气地质, 2009,30(3):294-299,309. Deng Jixin,Wang Shangxu,Wu Xiangyang.Seismic properties of reservoir sandstones and their implication to rock texture in the Dongying Sag,the Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2009,30(3):294 -299,309.
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